Q345/SUS304异种钢对接接头残余应力和变形的分析

以ABAQUS软件为平台,开发了热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法用于模拟Q345/SUS304异种钢多层多道焊对接接头的温度场、残余应力和焊接变形. 同时,采用试验方法测量了焊接接头的残余应力、横向收缩和角变形. 计算得到的残余应力、横向收缩和角变形与实测值吻合良好,验证了计算方法的妥当性. 结果表明,Q345母材与焊缝交界处的应力分布有明显的不连续性,靠近交界处Q345侧的较窄范围内纵向拉伸应力明显低于该区的两侧;SUS304侧的高纵向拉伸应力区明显宽于Q345侧. 此外,试验和数值分析表明,Q345/SUS304异质接头有较明显的角变形.     

坡口形式对SUS304奥氏体不锈钢对接接头残余应力和变形的影响

以ABAQUS软件为平台,开发了热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法用于模拟V形、K形和X形坡口SUS304奥氏体不锈钢多层多道焊对接接头的温度场、残余应力和焊接变形. 同时,采用试验的方法测量了接头的残余应力和角变形. 计算得到的焊接残余应力和角变形与实测结果吻合良好,验证了计算方法的妥当性. 试验和数值结果表明,坡口形式对接头的残余应力和角变形有显著的影响:V形坡口的高拉伸残余应力区和角变形均明显大于K形坡口和X形坡口,而K形坡口则略大于X形坡口; 坡口形式对纵向残余应力的峰值影响较小.     

Q345/316L异种钢焊接残余应力与变形数值模拟

文中基于SYSWELD有限元分析软件对Q345/316L异种钢焊接过程的瞬态温度分布、残余应力及变形进行了数值模拟,并通过试验对其模拟结果进行了验证. 试验测量结果与数值模拟结果吻合良好,证明了利用SYSWELD模拟异种钢焊接的可靠性. 结果表明,异种钢焊接温度场呈不对称分布,Q345侧的高温区域范围更大. 不论是横向残余应力还是纵向残余应力,沿焊缝方向均呈帽状分布且在焊缝中部位置存在最大残余应力;在垂直于焊缝中央截面上,纵向残余应力与横向残余应力在焊缝和焊缝附近区域分布是不连续的,存在较大的应力梯度且应力状态也较复杂,而最大残余应力出现在Q345侧的熔合线处. 不同的热输入下模拟结果表明,在保证焊接接头质量的前提下,最好采用小热输入的焊接工艺.     

焊接热过程和冶金过程

P92钢焊接接头蠕变本构关系,基于FLUENT的TIG焊瞬态熔池三维形态的数值模拟,9％Ni钢斜Y形坡口裂纹试验的数值模拟,铁路货车用TCS345不锈钢焊接热影响区韧性分析,T91与SUS304异种钢接头热稳定性研究……     

焊接热过程和冶金过程

P92钢焊接接头蠕变本构关系,基于FLUENT的TIG焊瞬态熔池三维形态的数值模拟,9％Ni钢斜Y形坡口裂纹试验的数值模拟,铁路货车用TCS345不锈钢焊接热影响区韧性分析,T91与SUS304异种钢接头热稳定性研究……     

坡口形式对304/Q345复合管焊接接头残余应力影响的数值模拟研究

文中基于热弹塑性力学理论建立13 mm厚304/Q345复合管对接残余应力的三维有限元模型。采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对X形、 V形坡口复合板焊接接头的温度场和应力场进行了数值模拟;研究了X形、 V形坡口复合板焊接接头温度场和应力分布规律;分析了坡口形式对复合板焊接接头温度场和应力场的影响。研究结果表明:不同的坡口形式对复合板焊接接头温度场无明显影响;复合板焊接接头的横向应力、纵向残余应力均沿着初始焊道两侧呈对称分布,且不同坡口接头的纵向残余应力明显大于横向残余应力。研究成果为复合板焊接工艺的制订提供了理论依据,具有工程实际意义。     

Q345钢对接接头残余应力与变形的预测

以ABAQUS软件为平台,开发了用于模拟多层多道焊接头温度场、残余应力和焊接变形的热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法. 利用所开发的计算方法对板厚为16 mm的Q345钢平板对接接头的温度场、应力场和变形进行了数值模拟. 采用试验方法测量了对接接头的残余应力和角变形. 试验结果与数值结果比较吻合,验证了所开发方法的有效性. 结果表明,在板厚相同的条件下角变形和横向收缩随着焊接层数的增多有增大的趋势;焊缝附近的纵向拉伸应力区域分布范围随焊接层数的增加略有减小;焊接层数对纵向残余应力的峰值影响较小.     

T2-Y/Q345异质材料焊接残余应力及变形数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元软件基于APDL命令流对T2-Y/Q345异质材料平板对接接头的温度场、残余应力和横向收缩进行数值模拟计算. 同时,对焊接接头的温度、残余应力及横向收缩进行测量. 结果表明,与T2-Y侧相比,Q345侧存在较大的温度梯度. 沿焊缝方向,T2-Y与Q345侧横向应力和纵向应力分别为双驼峰状和帽状分布. 在垂直于焊缝的中央界面的上表面,纵向应力与横向应力在焊缝和热影响区的应力分布均不连续,并在Q345侧存在较大应力梯度. 此外,T2-Y/Q345横向收缩最大位置位于焊缝中间部位,且向两端逐渐减小. 数值模拟结果与试验结果相对比,两者基本吻合,验证了ANSYS有限元计算的可靠性.     

S31603和Q345R异种钢焊接工艺

某再生塔塔体由两部分组成,上部分材特Q345R,下部分材料S31603,其终止焊缝为S31603和Q345R异种钢焊接,在工艺评定弯曲试验时Q345R侧发生开裂.从选择合适的焊接方法、焊接坡口、焊接材料、焊接热输入、预热和层间温度等方面分析、探讨,并制作模拟件,确定合适的焊接工艺,保证了S31603和Q345R异种钢焊接接头的性能.     

16MnR斜Y型坡口焊接裂纹试验残余应力数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对16MnR钢斜Y形坡口焊接裂纹试验的焊接温度场和应力场进行数值模拟,得到了焊接残余应力的分布规律.由于焊缝表面、中部和根部散热条件不同,造成了焊缝表面、中部和根部残余应力分布的差异.即在三维残余应力场中,纵向残余应力较大,且横向残余应力峰值出现在“直坡口侧”焊缝根部的热影响区.研究了预热温度对横向残余应力的影响规律.结果表明,随着预热温度的提高横向残余应力峰值和应力梯度降低,从而有助于减小冷裂纹倾向.     

Influence of Material Model on Prediction Accuracy of Welding Residual Stress in an Austenitic Stainless Steel Multi-pass Butt-Welded Joint

Both experimental method and numerical simulation technology were employed to investigate welding residual stress distribution in a SUS304 steel multi-pass butt-welded joint in the current study. The main objective is to clarify the influence of strain hardening model and the yield strength of weld metal on prediction accuracy of welding residual stress. In the experiment, a SUS304 steel butt-welded joint with 17 passes was fabricated, and the welding residual stresses on both the upper and bottom surfaces of the middle cross section were measured. Meanwhile, based on ABAQUS Code, an advanced computational approach considering different plastic models as well as annealing effect was developed to simulate welding residual stress. In the simulations, the perfect plastic model, the isotropic strain hardening model, the kinematic strain hardening model and the mixed isotropic-kinematic strain hardening model were employed to calculate the welding residual stress distributions in the multi-pass butt-welded joint. In all plastic models with the consideration of strain hardening, the annealing effect was also taken into account. In addition, the influence of the yield strength of weld metal on the simulation result of residual stress was also investigated numerically. The conclusions drawn by this work will be helpful in predicting welding residual stresses of austenitic stainless steel welded structures used in nuclear power plants.     

线能量对TC4钛合金激光焊接残余应力和变形的影响

利用有限元分析和实验测试，研究了TC4钛合金平板激光焊接线能量对变形和残余应力的影响规律，并通过焊缝金相实验分析了线能量与焊接残余应力和变形的内在关系。结果表明：钛合金激光焊接产生的纵向残余拉伸应力约700MPa～850MPa，而横向残余拉伸应力只有50MPa～80MPa。激光焊接线能量增加时，纵向残余应力拉伸区域变宽，峰值应力降低，而横向残余应力随线能量的增加而升高。在临界焊透规范以上焊接时，角变形随线能量的增大而减小，但横向收缩变形增大。试件被完全穿透焊接时，线能量对角变形的影响作用降低。     

New technique to control welding buckling distortion and residual stress with non-contact electromagnetic impact

Abstract

A new technique using non-contact electromagnetic forces has been proposed for controlling welding buckling distortion and residual stresses in welded thin plates. The experimental results show that the method can successfully eliminate the buckling distortion and reduce the residual stresses. Three-dimensional finite element modelling has been developed to study the evolution of the stress and strain throughout the welding and electromagnetic impacts. The predicted welding distortion and residual stresses are in good agreement with the experimental results. The numerical analyses show that the reduction in distortion and stress is a result of the change of the plastic strain field in the weld region: electromagnetic impacts reduce longitudinal compressive plastic strain in the local region near the weld, and even produce the tensile plastic strain. Moreover, it is found that the residual stress can promote the changes of the longitudinal plastic strain state under electromagnetic impact.     

Study on residual stress in socket weld by numerical simulation and experiment

In this paper, welding residual stress in socket weld of 304L stainless steel pipe was investigated using numerical simulation and validated by X-ray stress measurement. From the simulation results, the maximum tensile residual stresses were located at weld root and weld toe on both sides of the weld along pipe, which led to the fatigue failure. Pre-bevelling and low transformation temperature (LTT) dressing could decrease tensile residual stress both in hoop and axial direction at weld root and weld toe. After LTT dressing, compressive residual stress was generated throughout weld toe. Compressive stress can delay fatigue crack initiation and propagation. Therefore, pre-bevelling and LTT dressing can improve the fatigue life of socket weld.     

Distribution Features of the Residual Stress For T-Joints by Laser Welding

The residual stress of T-joints for SUS304 stainless steel by YAG laser welding was measured by the method of hole-drilling,and the effects of heat treatment and hardness distribution of weld joints on the distribution of residual stress for T-joints were analyzed.The results showed that the maximum of longitudinal residual tensile stress for T-joints was about 140MPa.The maximum of residual stress was not more than 40MPa after heat treatment,the peak of residual stress reduced obviously.The gradient of residual stress distribution was also reduced significantly.Strain hardening phenomenon occurred for T-joints,and the hardness of weld and heat affected zone was both higher than the hardness of base metal,the peak of hardness occurred in the fusion line.The effect of strain hardening phenomenon of weld and heat affected zone on the residual stress distribution of T-joints for SUS304 stainless steel was obvious,which made longitudinal residual tensile stress become higher.