碳钢/不锈钢同速异径蛇形轧制复合变形规律

为提高碳钢/不锈钢板材轧制复合界面结合强度并降低轧后弯曲，采用ANSYS LS-DYNA有限元软件模拟了碳钢/不锈钢在1200℃开轧温度下的同速异径蛇形轧制复合过程，分析了不同压下率、辊径比、错位量与初始板厚等对轧后板材变形行为的影响规律，并进行了轧制复合实验，验证了有限元模拟的准确性。结果表明，与同步轧制和异步轧制相比，同速异径蛇形复合轧制能提高轧后板材界面结合强度并降低轧后弯曲。增大压下率可提高轧后板材界面的结合强度和轧后层厚比，且随压下率和辊径比的增大，轧后板材均出现反向弯曲，表明存在合适工况使轧后板材平直，如当初始板厚为20 mm,压下率为40%,错位量为5 mm,辊径比为1.15～1.20,初始层厚比为0.25～0.33时，轧后板材接近平直。     

轧制工艺对复合钢板组织的影响

将实验用钢板分别在空气下电弧焊及氩气下等离子焊焊合成复合坯,加热至奥氏体化温度,保温0.5 h后分别进行3组热轧复合轧制工艺研究。用WAW-1000C电液伺服万能试验机测试复合板试样复合界面的结合强度,用ZEISS金相显微镜、XL30TMP扫描电子显微镜及EDAX能谱仪观察复合界面的金相组织。结果表明,氩气下等离子焊接轧制复合钢板性能优于空气下焊接轧制的,界面杂质少、氧化程度小。单道次压下率为15%时,复合钢板界面存在明显的间隙,随着道次压下率的增加,晶粒逐渐细化。对于氩气下等离子焊接复合坯的复合轧制,当压下率达到30%时,钢板的复合界面消失,而空气下电弧焊接复合坯的复合轧制,累积压下率达到60%时,钢板的复合界面痕迹仍然存在。     

热轧5A06/AZ31铝镁复合板结合界面

用热轧法制备了5A06/AZ31铝镁层状复合板材,通过金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、多功能力学性能试验机等仪器,研究分析了轧制工艺参数对5A06/AZ31铝镁复合板界面形貌及结合强度的影响,并分析了其结合机制。轧制温度、压下率分别控制在430℃～450℃、35%～50%时热轧制备的5A06/AZ31铝镁层状复合板具有良好的结合界面,其结合界面具有一定的元素扩散层;扩散层厚度影响着复合板的结合强度,界面结合强度随轧制变形量和温度的增加呈现先增后降的现象;在轧制温度450℃、压下率45%时出现强度峰值,约为72. 57N/mm~2。     

表面形貌对铝/镁热轧复合结合强度的影响

选用5052铝合金与AZ31B镁合金作为复合材料进行热轧复合,研究表面形貌对铝/镁热轧复合结合强度的影响。在热轧复合前使用不同直径钢丝刷对板材表面进行打磨处理,通过单向拉伸实验、扫描电镜以及激光共聚焦显微镜对打磨处理后板材的表面状态和形貌进行测试和观察。然后使用热轧复合法在25%、 35%和45%压下率下轧制制备出铝/镁复合板并通过万能试验机、扫描电镜、 X射线能谱仪对复合板的结合强度、微观形貌和元素分布进行测试和观察。最后通过轧卡和剥离实验对45%压下率不同直径钢丝刷打磨处理条件下铝/镁热轧复合过程中板材表面形貌的变化进行观察。结果表明,不同直径钢丝刷打磨处理仅改变了板材的表面形貌,未使板材表面形成硬质层。在25%和35%压下率下,铝/镁复合板的结合强度随着钢丝刷直径的增加而增加,但当压下率达到45%后,随着钢丝刷直径的改变,铝/镁复合板的结合强度稳定在71.2 MPa左右。通过改变板材表面形貌可以使铝合金和镁合金在低压下率下实现良好结合,但当压下率达到45%之后,板材表面形貌的变化不会再对铝/镁复合板的结合强度产生明显影响。     

轧制和退火对爆炸焊接Ag/Ti复合板组织和力学性能的影响

采用爆炸-轧制复合法制备了Ag/Ti复合板材，研究了轧制和退火对复合板材力学性能和结合界面的显微组织的影响。结果表明，爆炸焊接Ag/Ti复合材界面出现典型的周期性波状组织，波峰高约80 μm，相邻波峰间距约为300 μm。爆炸焊接复合板经轧制后，波状复合界面由于发生较大的塑性变形转变为平直界面，且界面上形成不连续的AgTi扩散层。经后续的退火处理后，界面上形成厚度约为20 μm的连续均匀的扩散层。轧制态的Ag/Ti复合板经退火处理后，板材的强度明显降低，但是其塑性却有明显的增加，其屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别为358 MPa、464 MPa和50.5%。断口分析表明，轧制态和退火态复合板材断口中均表现出明显的韧性断裂特征，但退火态复合板断口中韧窝尺寸更大更深，表明其具有更好的塑性。     

压下率对不锈钢复合板制备的影响规律

复合界面结合状态直接影响复合板整体质量,界面结合性为复合板质量评价的主要性能指标。为制定保证复合板界面实现良好结合的合理压下率,采用有限元软件ANSYS对压下率10%、30%、50%下的Q345R低合金钢/316L不锈钢复合板真空热轧复合成形过程进行了模拟,并对不同压下率下复合板厚度方向上的应力场、应变场的分布规律进行了分析,实现不同压下率下复合板界面结合性判定,制定合理压下规程,并进行试验验证。结果表明,当压下率10%时,复合板界面结合处变形不稳定,无法实现良好的结合;随着压下率增大,复合板界面结合状态渐好;当压下率50%时,复合板界面结合处应力比较均匀,变形稳定,应变分布均匀,变形协调性较好,能够实现良好的界面结合。     

6061/AZ31B/6061对称复合板的组织与力学性能研究

本文在理论分析与模拟计算的基础上,通过热轧制备了6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061Al对称复合板,并对其组织结构和力学性能进行了研究。首先通过经典复合板理论计算得到了复合板中6061Al的最佳包覆率,再通过有限元方法模拟得到了复合板的最佳压下率。依据理论分析和仿真计算得到的铝的最佳包覆率和复合板的最佳压下率,对6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061Al复合板进行组坯,并在不同轧制温度、不同压下率和不同退火时间下进行了轧制实验,最后对实验得到的复合板进行了微观组织、拉伸性能和能谱分析。结果表明,在复合板的复合界面处的镁层中发现了再结晶晶粒,且界面上形成了由Mg17Al12和Mg2Al3组成的金属间化合物;随着轧制压下率的增大,6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061Al复合板的拉伸强度、延伸率和界面扩散厚度显著增大;随着轧制温度的升高,复合板的拉伸强度、延伸率和界面扩散厚度也增大;而随着退火时间的增加,复合板的拉伸强度降低,但界面扩散厚度增加。     

6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061 Al对称复合板的组织与力学性能（英文）

在理论分析与模拟计算的基础上,通过热轧制备了6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061 Al对称复合板,并对其组织结构和力学性能进行了研究。首先通过经典复合板理论计算得到了复合板中6061 Al的最佳包覆率,再通过有限元方法模拟得到了复合板的最佳压下率。依据理论分析和仿真计算得到了铝的最佳包覆率和复合板的最佳压下率,对6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061 Al复合板进行组坯,并在不同轧制温度、不同压下率和不同退火时间下进行了轧制实验,最后对实验得到的复合板进行了拉伸性能测试、微观组织和能谱分析。结果表明,在复合板的复合界面处的镁层中发现了再结晶晶粒,且界面上形成了由Mg_(17)Al_(12)和Mg_2Al_3组成的金属间化合物;随着轧制压下率的增大,6061 Al/AZ31B Mg/6061Al复合板的抗拉伸强度、延伸率和界面扩散厚度显著增大;随着轧制温度的升高,复合板的抗拉伸强度、延伸率和界面扩散厚度也增大;而随着退火时间的增加,复合板的抗拉伸强度降低,但界面扩散厚度增加。     

Cu/Fe/Cu叠片轧制工艺及复合强度的研究

采用无氧铜与电工纯铁为原材料运用冷轧复合工艺生产Cu/Fe/Cu复合件,分析了轧制压下率、退火温度对轧合件力学性能的影响,并运用金相显微镜、扫描电镜分析了组元的界面结合情况.结果表明,采用75％、80％压下率的冷轧工艺,且轧后采用700℃×30 min的退火工艺,可获得轧合件最佳的综合力学性能,其抗拉强度达385MPa,抗剪切强度达358MPa.     

镁合金铸轧板坯包铝轧制复合工艺研究

采用热轧复合的方法,将纯铝板包覆在镁合金铸轧板坯表面,多道次大压下轧制工艺制备出了镁铝复合板,研究了轧制温度、道次压下量及热处理工艺对复合板组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:当轧制温度为400℃,道次加工率为30%~35%时,镁、铝板材可以实现良好的复合;随着复合板材热处理温度的提高,复合界面脆化程度增大,板材力学性能下降。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.