长江师范学院校园夏季鸟类群落与多样性分析

2008年3～7月采用样线法对长江师范学院李渡校园鸟类组成和种群数量进行了调查,共记录鸟类6目21科28种,数量1633只,物种多样性指数为3．9204,均匀性指数为1．1765,其中国家“三有”名录鸟类25种,CITES名录鸟类1种。鸟类区系以东洋界成分为主。对不同生境鸟类多样性的分析结果表明：（1）乔灌林鸟类多样性指数和均匀性指数最高,水域鸟类多样性指数最低,建筑区均匀性指数最低;（2）乔灌林与竹林的相似性指数最高,竹林与水域的相似性最低。     

南洞庭湖冬季鸟类群落结构及多样性分析

南洞庭湖冬季常见鸟类共４３种,隶属１０目２１科３５属,其中国家二级保护动物５种,湖南省级保护动物１６种。该地的冬候鸟２４种,留鸟１９种。东洋界鸟类１２种,古北界鸟类２种,广布性鸟类２９种。南洞庭湖冬季鸟类的多样性指数为２．０００８,均匀性指数为０．５３１９。     

东洞庭湖冬季鸟类及其多样性分析

东洞庭湖冬季常见鸟类共30种,隶属11目17科20属,其中国家二级保护动物4种,湖南省级保护动物14种。该地的冬候鸟21种,留鸟9种。东洋界鸟类10种,古北界鸟类1种,广布性鸟类19种,东洞庭湖冬季鸟类的多样性指数为1．5171,均匀性指数为0．4460。     

江西齐云山自然保护区冬季鸟类调查及多样性分析

2006年12月至2007年2月,采用样线法对江西齐云山自然保护区冬季鸟类资源及其生境分布进行了调查,记录到鸟类13目38科122种,其中国家重点保护鸟类17种.留鸟90种,冬候鸟28种,夏候鸟4种.研究区冬季鸟类的Shannon-Weiner指数为3.875,Pielou指数为0.791,Simpson指数为0.964.对6种生境中鸟类群落的科数、种数、优势种、多样性指数(Shannon-Weiner指数、Pielou指数、Simpson指数和Sorenson相似性指数)等有关生物多样性指标的统计分析表明,不同生境鸟类群落多样性存在差异.     

广州市越秀公园鸟类多样性与保护对策

对广州市越秀公园鸟类的多样性进行了调查,共记录鸟类43种,隶属8目20科。其中留鸟27种,夏候鸟2种,冬候鸟8种,其它繁殖鸟6种。对夏冬季及不同生境的鸟类群落特征进行比较分析,得到夏季鸟类的数量、密度、优势度都比冬季高,而多样性指数和均匀性指数却比冬季低;南秀湖畔大草坪、金印游乐场、竹林、南秀树林、南秀湖和环市路旁6种生境中鸟类的种类、数量和多样性差异较大,以金印游乐场鸟类的多样性最高。根据公园内不同环境鸟类多样性状况提出了保护对策。     

内蒙古乌兰察布地区鸟类群落结构及季节变化

为了解内蒙古自治区乌兰察布地区的鸟类群落结构季节变化及其影响因素,于2012年10月至2013年12月,采用固定半径样点法和样带法对该地区6种生境类型的鸟类进行调查。共记录到鸟类17目45科153种,其中夏候鸟76种,旅鸟38种,留鸟34种,冬候鸟5种。春、夏、秋季均以夏候鸟为主,冬季则留鸟占优势。非雀形目鸟类所占比例明显高于雀形目。鸟类多样性指数为春季秋季夏季冬季,均匀性指数为春季夏季秋季冬季;聚类分析表明,春季和秋季鸟类群落结构最为相似。不同季节各生境鸟类群落结构亦存在差异,春、夏、秋季的湿地鸟类群落多样性均最高,而农田和居民区的鸟类群落较为相似。栖息地类型、食物资源及候鸟迁徙是该地区鸟类群落结构季节变化的主要影响因素。     

湖南省永州市鸟类区系特征及群落结构研究

为了探讨不同生境、不同季节对鸟类群落结构及多样性的影响,笔者于2012年3月至2013年2月采用样线调查法对湖南省永州市的鸟类群落组成进行了调查。结果表明,记录到的鸟类共计9目33科121种,该地的夏候鸟有26种,留鸟59种,冬候鸟20种,旅鸟16种。在85种繁殖鸟中,东洋界鸟类有48种,占繁殖鸟总数的56.47%。从数量上看,留鸟是鸟类的构建主体;从整体上看,鸟类的物种数和总数量在春季和秋季呈现高峰,冬季最低。在不同季节中,春季的鸟类多样性指数和均匀度指数最高,分别为2.9901和0.7245;在不同生境中,全年鸟类多样性指数由高到低依次为灌草丛地农田林地水域村庄,均匀度指数为灌草丛地农田水域林地村庄。     

北京紫竹院公园鸟类群落多样性分析

2004年9月～2005年6月在北京紫竹院公园进行鸟类群落调查.共记录到鸟类52种,隶属于11目26科.其中夏候鸟17种,冬候鸟4种,旅鸟28种,留鸟13种.鸟类的种类和数量随季节变化有明显差异.春、秋季鸟类种类丰富,秋季达到最高;冬季鸟类数量达到最高.优势种有灰椋鸟Sturnus cineraceus、麻雀Passer montanus、喜鹊Pica pica、厌喜鹊Cyanopica cyana、绿头鸭Anas platyrhynchos、鸳鸯Aix galericulata等.鸟类群落多样性指数和均匀度指数变化趋势类似,春、秋季高,冬季低,而优势度指数的变化是冬季最高,春、秋季低.鸟类多样性增加主要是由于春、秋季的候鸟迁徙.保证一定的公园面积、增加空间异质性、合理配置资源,有利于保护鸟类的多样性.     

四川卧龙国家级自然保护区的鸟类多样性

为了解现阶段四川卧龙国家级自然保护区的鸟类动态与多样性,2015年5月—2016年12月、2018年1—5月和2018年8月—2019年12月,采用样点法和样线法进行鸟类调查,加上2015年5月—2021年3月的相机拍摄记录,共记录鸟类293种,综合文献记载,保护区共记录鸟类18目66科392种。其中,国家一级重点保护野生动物13种,国家二级重点保护野生动物65种;留鸟188种,夏候鸟100种,冬候鸟18种,旅鸟85种,迷鸟1种。多样性分析表明,保护区春季的多样性指数(5.84)和均匀度指数(0.785)最高,冬季的多样性指数(5.48)和均匀度指数(0.756)最低;针阔混交林的多样性指数(5.74)和均匀度指数(0.825)最高,高山灌丛、草甸和流石滩的多样性指数(4.51)最低,针叶林的均匀度指数(0.703)最低。研究结果为保护珍稀濒危鸟类提供了基础信息和科学依据。     

东昌湖春季鸟类群落多样性初步研究

报道了1996,1997年3－5月聊城东昌湖区域鸟类的多样性状况,记录到鸟类59种,分属于12日28科,群落物种多样性指和等级多样性指数大者为湖周大面积乔灌林,其次是沿湖沼泽及苇丛,指数最小者为大面积水域,栖息地植被结构的复杂性对鸟类多样性分布的影响最显著,湖岸的边缘效应与多样性成正相关。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细