不同类型成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响

研究了新型分子结构成核剂NX8000、有机磷酸盐成核剂NA-11以及无机纳米粉体二氧化硅对聚丙烯(PP)力学性能、透明性、结晶行为和耐热性能的影响。结果表明:3种成核剂能明显改善PP的拉伸强度,而对其冲击强度没有明显的影响;成核剂NA-11对PP增刚效果显著,NX8000的增透效果显著;3种成核剂都能提高PP的结晶度、结晶温度、熔融峰温度和维卡软化点。     

有机磷酸盐类成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响

主要研究了日本旭电化公司生产的三代有机磷酸盐类成核剂产品NA-11、NA-21、NA-71对聚丙烯力学性能、透明性、结晶行为和流变性能的影响。研究结果表明,三种成核剂能明显改善聚丙烯的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,而NA-11的增刚作用最强;对于透明性而言,成核剂NA-71的增透效果最为显著;三种成核剂都能有效提高聚丙烯的结晶度、结晶温度,起到异相成核的作用,加快聚丙烯的结晶速率,其中NA-21的异相成核作用最强;三种成核剂都使聚丙烯的熔体黏度降低,熔体质量流动速率增大,改善了聚丙烯的加工性能,其中NA-21的作用最为明显。     

成核剂TM-3与苯甲酸钠对聚丙烯力学性能的影响比较

研究和对比了透明成核剂TM-3与普通成核剂苯甲酸钠(SB)对聚丙烯(PP)力学性能的影响,结果发现:TM-3与SB对PP的力学性能的影响有很大不同;随着成核剂含量的提高,PP/TM-3体系拉伸屈服强度基本不变化,而PP/SB体系出现了小小的波动,先下降后上升;PP/TM-3体系缺口冲击强度随成核剂含量增加呈线性增长,而PP/SB体系在苯甲酸钠含量为1%(质量分数)时出现了极大值;PP/TM-3体系弯曲强度随成核剂含量增加先下降而后上升,但PP/SB体系也是在苯甲酸钠含量为1%(质量分数)时出现极大值。另外,还研究了两种体系改性PP的断裂伸长率和成型收缩率。     

有机磷酸盐与硅溶胶复配成核剂对PP性能的影响

利用偏光显微镜(PLM)、光电雾度仪、差热分析(DSC)及力学性能测试考察有机磷酸盐(NA-21)与硅溶胶复配成核荆对均聚聚丙烯(PP)透明性、结晶行为及力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:有机磷酸盐与硅溶胶有良好的协同异相成核作用;复配体系中,纳米微粒的分散性明显好于添加单一纳米成核剂的分散性;硅溶胶的添加量为0.15%,有机磷酸盐的添加量为0.35%时,成核PP的雾度降低到36.3%,结晶温度升高到132℃;与单-NA-21增透PP相比,复配成核荆增透PP的冲击强度与拉伸强度都有明显提高.     

超细微化有机磷酸盐成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响*

采用超临界流体技术制备超细微化有机磷酸盐成核剂，研究了超细微化有机磷酸盐成核剂对聚丙烯(PP)结晶行为及力学性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜分析成核剂的微观形貌，通过差示扫描量热法和偏光显微镜分析超细微化处理前后有机磷酸盐成核剂对PP结晶度、结晶温度以及晶粒尺寸的影响。结果表明，经超细微化处理，成核剂微观形貌发生变化，粒径变小，分散更均匀。分别添加0.2份超细微化处理前后的成核剂NA-11，NA-13，均可使PP的结晶峰温度提高，最高达到131.7℃，结晶度显著增加，同时结晶速率提高，球晶尺寸大幅下降，成核剂经超细微化处理后，其结晶成核效果更明显。成核剂可明显提高PP的拉伸强度、弯曲性能和透明性。成核剂超细微化处理后，PP的拉伸、弯曲性能和透明性进一步提高，弯曲弹性模量较纯PP提高48.4%，最小雾度为15.3%。     

复合成核剂对聚丙烯物理力学性能的影响

研究了1,3:2,4-二(对甲基二苄叉)山梨醇/1,3:2,4-二(3,4-二甲基二苄叉)山梨醇(MDBS/DMDBS)复合成核剂、DMDBS/2,2'-亚甲基-二(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚)磷酸盐(NA-1)复合成核剂、NA-1/2,2'-亚甲基-双(2,4-二叔丁基苯酚)磷酸盐(NA-2)复合成核剂的协同效应对聚丙烯(PP)透明性及力学性能的影响。结果表明:当MDBS与DMDBS的复配比为0.15:0.10时,改性PP的雾度达到最小值9.6%;当DMDBS与NA-1的复配比为0.20:0.05时,改性PP的雾度达到最小值10.3%。此外,NA-1的加入提高了PP的弯曲强度和弯曲模量;NA-1/NA-2复合成核剂对PP透明性的改善效果不明显,但能使PP的弯曲模量显著提升,最高可达1.96 GPa。     

复合成核剂对聚丙烯性能的影响

研究了新型分子结构成核剂NX8000和有机磷酸盐成核剂NA-11复合使用对PP性能的影响。通过力学性能分析、雾度测试、DSC、XRD等手段研究了复合成核剂对PP力学性能、透明性、热性能和结晶行为的影响。研究结果表明:复合成核剂提高了PP的结晶温度和结晶度,加快PP的结晶速率。XRD结果显示:NX8000和NA-11都是ɑ成核剂,复合后成核PP结晶形态不改变。复合成核剂综合了NX8000、NA-11两者的优点,制备出了透明性和刚性兼顾的成核PP。     

透明成核剂对聚丙烯的非等温结晶行为的影响

采用热分析方法研究了透明成核剂TM-3对聚丙烯(PP)非等温结晶行为的影响,并与纯PP样品作了比较.结果表明,TM-3能够提高聚丙烯的结晶温度12℃左右;分别采用了Avrami和莫志深方法对非等温结晶过程作了分析处理;对含有成核剂的PP样品的非等温结晶行为分析显示,成核剂的加入改变了聚丙烯的结晶行为,使其成核与结晶生长过程复杂化.     

聚丙烯的高性能化研究

在小型反应器内合成了不含及含有成核剂的聚丙烯(PP)、双峰聚丙烯(BMPP)和聚丙烯共聚物(PPc)，并用纳米CaCO3改性PPc。研究结果表明：釜内成核的PP和BMPP的弯曲模量和热变形温度显著增加，结晶温度和结晶速率明显提高，BMPP的拉伸强度也较PP大幅增加；但成核剂对PPc的性能影响不大，而加入纳米CaCO3后则使PPc的力学性能和结晶温度同步显著增加。     

成核剂对聚丙烯结晶形态和力学性能的影响

研究了聚丙烯(PP)／成核剂共混物的结晶形态及力学性能。结果表明：加入成核剂后，提高PP的结晶温度，加快了结晶速度，使PP球晶细化；成核剂用量在0—0．2份之间时，PP的冲击强度、拉伸强度、硬度、热变形温度均随成核剂用量的增加而提高。     

Effects of nucleating agents on crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of high-fluid polypropylene

The effects of organic aluminum phosphate (NA-21) and rare earth organic coordination compounds (WBG), serving as ??, ?? nucleating agents, on crystallization and mechanical properties of high-fluid polypropylene (PP) have been investigated. As determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the isothermal crystallization temperature of PP increased from 126.5 to 137.7?°C and 133.6?°C with NA-21 and WBG, respectively. The two endothermal melting peaks of PP blending with WBG indicated the transformation of ??-crystal. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern and melting behavior of PP blending with WBG testified that a high proportion of ??-crystal, which was more than 70%, was induced, while the crystal-phase of PP modified with NA-21 had little change. The mechanical properties of nucleated PP were tested by tensile testing machine and izod pendulum impact tester. A dramatic increment of impact strength, as high as 191%, was obtained for PP with the introduction of WBG, comparing to 132% by NA-21 addition. The impact fracture surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope; the resistance of crack growth of nucleated PP was better than that of pure PP. Although flexural strength of PP improved in both scenarios, the influence of nucleators on yield strength of PP differed. Yield strength of PP increased by 8.5% when using 0.2?wt% NA-21, but decreased by 6% when using WBG at the same content. Therefore, WBG, a novel ??-nucleator, played an essential role in enhancing impact strength of PP.     

磷酸酯钠盐协同滑石粉制备高刚、耐热聚丙烯

采用直接混合法制得聚丙烯/滑石粉（PP/Talc）体系和聚丙烯/成核剂磷酸酯钠盐/滑石粉(PP/NA-40/Talc)体系,研究了Talc的添加量对两种复合体系的力学性能、耐热性能、流动性能以及结晶温度的影响,从动力学角度解释了力学性能提升的原因。结果表明,在PP中加入0.2 %（质量分数,下同）的NA-40和10 %的Talc时,使PP弯曲模量达到2 316.0 MPa,热变形温度达到120.0 ℃,结晶温度达到132.9 ℃,流动性能基本不变,从而满足高刚、耐热PP的使用需求。     

热处理对PP/PET共混体系结晶及力学性能的影响

研究了热处理对聚丙烯(PP)/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共混体系结晶、熔融行为及力学性能的影响。结果表明适当地对共混体系进行热处理,可有效改善材料的拉伸性能及弯曲性能,拉伸强度及弯曲强度最大增幅分别可达13%和33%。PP/PET共混体系力学性能的增加在于体系中聚合物结晶结构的完善、结晶度的提高以及热应力的消除,其中,PP的结晶度变化较大,由处理前的37.1%增加到处理后的52.1%。     

不同成核剂成核聚丙烯的结晶行为与力学性能

制备了６种成核剂成核聚丙烯（ＰＰ）母料研究了成核母料和成核母料／ＰＰ的结晶,熔融行为,力学性能和透明性等物理性能,不同成核在成核母材料和成核母料／ＰＰ中对ＰＰ的结晶与熔融行为以及性能有不同的作用,观察到成核型Ａ成核ＰＰ具有较高的结晶温度与综合性能,而成核剂Ｂ成核ＰＰ的透明性较好。     

油酸修饰纳米CaCO3对PP结晶行为和力学性能的影响

Oleic acid (OA)-modified CaCO3 nanoparticles were prepared using surface modification method. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) was used to investigate the structure of the modified CaCO3 nanoparticles, and the result showed that OA attached to the surface of CaCO3 nanoparticles with the ionic bond. Effect of OA concentration on the dispersion stability of CaCO3 in heptane was also studied, and the result indicated that modified CaCO3 nanoparticles dispersed in heptane more stably than unmodified ones. The optimal proportion of OA to CaCO3 was established. The effect of modified CaCO3 nanoparticles on crystallization behavior of polypropylene (PP) was studied by means of DSC. It was found that CaCO3 significantly increased the crystallization temperature, crystallization degree and crystallization rate of PP, and the addition of modified CaCO3 nanoparticles can lead to the formation of β-crystal PP. Effect of the modified CaCO3 content on mechanical properties of PP/CaCO3 nanocomposites was also studied. The results showed that the modified CaCO3 can effectively improve the mechanical properties of PP. In comparison with PP, the impact strength of PP/CaCO3 nanocomposites increased by about 65% and the flexural strength increased by about 20%.     

油酸修饰纳米CaCO3对PP结晶行为和力学性能的影响

Oleic acid (OA)-modified CaCO3 nanoparticles were prepared using surface modification method. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) was used to investigate the structure of the modified CaCO3 nanoparticles, and the result showed that OA attached to the surface of CaCO3 nanoparticles with the ionic bond. Effect of OA concentration on the dispersion stability of CaCO3 in heptane was also studied, and the result indicated that modified CaCO3 nanoparticles dispersed in heptane more stably than unmodified ones. The optimal proportion of OA to CaCO3 was established. The effect of modified CaCO3 nanoparticles on crystallization behavior of polypropylene (PP) was studied by means of DSC. It was found that CaCO3 significantly increased the crystallization temperature, crystal-lization degree and crystallization rate of PP, and the addition of modified CaCO3 nanoparticles can lead to the for-mation of β-crystal PP. Effect of the modified CaCO3 content on mechanical properties of PP/CaCO3 nanocompo-sites was also studied. The results showed that the modified CaCO3 can effectively improve the mechanical proper-ties of PP. In comparison with PP, the impact strength of PP/CaCO3 nanocomposites increased by about 65% and the flexural strength increased by about 20%.     

木粉/聚丙烯复合材料力学性能及结晶行为研究

研究了木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能,结晶行为和微观结构.在木粉含量很高的情况下材料保持很好的拉伸强度,而材料的韧性随着木粉含量的增加下降很大.增容剂MA-PP的加入对材料的拉伸强度很很大的提高,而对冲击强度的影响不大.木粉/PP复合材料的结晶温度随着木粉含量的增加而增大,表明木粉对PP有异相成核的作用.复合材料电镜照片显示木粉在树脂中即使在较高含量下也分散均匀,马来酸改性聚丙烯(MA-PP)的加入提高木粉与树脂基体的界面结合.     

Effects of zinc borate and microcapsulated red phosphorus on mechanical properties and flame retardancy of polypropylene/magnesium hydroxide composites

In this paper, the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of zinc borate (ZB) and microcapsulated red phosphorus (MRP) with modified magnesium hydroxide (MH) in flame-retardant polypropylene (PP) were studied by mechanical properties test, UL-94 test, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crystallization behaviors of the composites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). The addition of ZB could improve tensile strength and elongation at break of PP/MH composite. The MRP powders had a little effect on the mechanical properties of the PP composites. DSC results showed the addition of ZB and MRP weakened the heterogeneous nucleation effect of MH on PP. The addition of ZB and MRP had a great effect on the flammability of the PP/MH/EG composites. The thermal stability of PP/MH/ZB and PP/MH/ZB/MRP composites was better than that of PP/MH composite.