AG700L钢亚动态再结晶行为研究

AG700L钢主要应用于汽车大梁等重要承重结构件。通过在Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机上采用双道次压缩试验,研究了AG700L钢在应变速率为0.01~2 s^-1、变形温度为950~1 050 ℃、道次间隔时间为10~120 s不同条件下的亚动态再结晶行为。结果表明:AG700L钢道次间隔内亚动态再结晶行为受变形温度、应变速率和道次间隔时间的影响显著;随变形温度的升高,亚动态再结晶体积分数先缓慢增加,然后迅速增加;随应变速率的增加,亚动态再结晶体积分数先迅速增加,然后趋于平稳;随道次间隔时间的增加,亚动态再结晶体积分数明显增加。随变形温度的升高、应变速率的增加以及道次间隔时间的延长,变形后AG700L钢的晶粒尺寸显著增加,组织变得更加均匀。同时,建立了AG700L钢的亚动态再结晶动力学模型,为其实际生产轧制工艺的制定与优化提供了依据。     

SA508Gr.4N钢的亚动态再结晶行为

采用Gleeble-1500D型热力模拟试验机对不同初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的SA508Gr.4N钢,在变形温度1050~1250℃、应变速率0.001~0.1 s~(-1),道次间隔保温时间120~300 s进行双道次热压缩变形试验。研究了SA508Gr.4N钢的亚动态再结晶行为。结果表明:在本试验变形条件范围内,两种不同初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的SA508Gr.4N钢均能发生亚动态再结晶。初始奥氏体晶粒直径越细小,SA508Gr.4N钢越易发生动态再结晶。变形道次间隔时间越长,亚动态再结晶就越显著。亚动态再结晶分数随着变形温度的升高以及初始奥氏体晶粒直径的增加而增大。     

新型优质GH738合金的亚动态(静态)再结晶动力学模型

设计并进行MTS810-25T低周疲劳试验机上的双道次热压缩实验,研究不同初始晶粒尺寸、变形温度、道次间隔保温时间及应变速率条件下新型优质GH738合金的亚动态再结晶动力学,进而结合定量金相分析,建立该合金的亚动态再结晶动力学方程。结果表明：初始晶粒尺寸减小,变形温度升高、道次间隔时间延长、应变速率增大,均可以促进亚动态再结晶的进行,提高再结晶体积分数;而且,提高变形温度和应变速率可以降低亚动态再结晶后晶粒尺寸上的差异,进一步提升组织的均匀程度。进而,结合定量金相及非线性拟合分析,建立了新型优质GH738合金的亚动态再结晶模型,并将所建立模型的预测值和实验值进行了对比分析,符合程度较好,可以满足工程应用要求。     

300M高强钢亚动态再结晶行为

为研究300M高强钢的亚动态再结晶行为,采用Gleeble-3800型热模拟试验机对300M高强钢在变形温度900~1150℃、应变速率0.001~10 s-1,道次间隔保温时间1~60 s进行双道次热压缩试验。结果表明:变形温度越高、应变速率越大、道次间隔保温时间越长,亚动态再结晶百分数越大。基于试验结果建立了300M高强钢的亚动态再结晶动力学模型,并通过单道次压缩试验验证了模型的正确性。     

PCrNi3MoV钢的静态再结晶行为

采用双道次热压缩试验对PCrNi3MoV钢的静态再结晶行为进行了研究,分析了不同变形速率、第一道次真应变、变形温度以及初始晶粒尺寸对其静态再结晶体积分数以及晶粒尺寸变化的影响,并且基于试验数据建立了PCrNi3MoV钢的静态再结晶动力学模型和晶粒尺寸模型.结果 表明:在相同间隔时间内,随着第一道次真应变、变形速率、变形...     

GCr15钢双道次热变形过程的元胞自动机模拟

建立了一类双道次热变形过程的二维元胞自动机模型。模型综合考虑了热变形过程涉及的动态再结晶、静态回复、静态再结晶、亚动态再结晶和晶粒长大等单个的物理现象。利用模型对GCr15钢的双道次热压缩过程进行了模拟,讨论了变形温度、应变速率、初始晶粒尺寸、第一道次变形量以及道次间隔时间对微观组织演变、流变应力行为和再结晶动力学的影响。将模拟结果和已获得的实验结果进行比较,吻合较好。     

17CrNiMo6钢的静态再结晶行为

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机,在压缩温度为950~1050 ℃(间隔50 ℃)、预应变为0.1~0.2(间隔0.05)、应变速率为0.01~1 s^-1、不同原始晶粒尺寸和道次间隔时间条件下,对17CrNiMo6钢进行双道次热压缩试验。讨论了道次间隔时间、压缩温度、预应变、应变速率和原始晶粒尺寸对17CrNiMo6钢静态再结晶行为的影响。根据回归分析得到静态再结晶在不同变形条件下的流变应力曲线,结合压缩后试样的显微组织,建立了17CrNiMo6钢静态再结晶动力学模型和晶粒尺寸模型。结果表明,17CrNiMo6钢静态再结晶体积分数随压缩温度、间隔时间、预应变和应变速率增加而增大;静态再结晶晶粒尺寸随压缩温度和原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸增加而增大,随预应变和应变速率的增加而减小。通过对比所建模型的预测值与热压缩所得的试验值,发现二者较为吻合,验证了模型的准确性。     

30Cr2Ni4MoV低压转子钢的静态再结晶行为

在Gleeble-1500D热模拟实验机上,使用双道次热压缩的方法,研究了30Cr2Ni4MoV低压转子钢在高温变形时的静态再结晶行为。讨论了变形温度、应变、应变速率与原始晶粒尺寸对其静态再结晶的影响。根据实验结果,建立了30Cr2Ni4MoV钢静态再结晶动力学模型以及静态再结晶晶粒尺寸模型。实验结果表明:间隔时间越长、变形温度越高、应变和应变速率越大,静态再结晶体积分数越大;变形温度越低、应变越大、原始晶粒尺寸越小,静态再结晶晶粒越细小。     

980MPa级TRIP钢热压缩动态再结晶行为

为研究980MPa级高强TRIP钢的动态再结晶行为,采用Gleeble-3800型热模拟试验机对试件钢在变形温度950~1150℃、应变速率0.01~5s-1,应变量0.3~0.7,道次间隔保温时间1 min,进行单道次热压缩试验。结果表明:随应变速率的增加,变形温度的降低,应变量的增大,试件的晶粒尺寸也变得更加细小。动态再结晶行为的发生更为完全。基于试验结果建立了980MPa级高强TRIP钢的动态再结晶动力学模型,并计算了其激活能。     

低活化铁素体/马氏体钢的静态再结晶行为

在Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机上采用双道次压缩试验对低活化铁素体/马氏体（RAFM）钢在高温热变形道次间隔时间内的静态再结晶行为进行了研究,分析了不同间隔时间、变形温度、应变速率和变形量等因素对静态再结晶行为的影响。采用2%应力补偿法计算了不同变形条件下,钢的静态再结晶软化百分数。结果表明,在其它变形条件不变的情况下,道次间隔时间的延长、变形温度的升高、应变速率的增大及变形量的加大均加速静态再结晶软化行为的进行;RAFM钢静态再结晶激活能为293 335 J/mol,通过对试验结果进行回归建立了静态再结晶动力学模型,且模型计算值与实测值吻合良好。     

Study of metadynamic recrystallization behaviors in a low alloy steel

The metadynamic recrystallization behaviors in deformed 42CrMo steel were investigated by isothermal interrupted hot compression tests on Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical simulator. Compression tests were performed using double hit schedules at temperatures of (850–1150) °C, strain rates of (0.01–1) s^?1 and inter-stage delay time of (1–50) s. The kinetic equations have been proposed to predict the metadynamic recrystallization behaviors in hot compressed 42CrMo steel. Comparisons between the experimental and predicted results were carried out. Results show that the effects of deformation parameters, including strain rate and deformation temperature, on the softening behaviors in the two-pass hot deformed 42CrMo steel are significant. However, the deformation degree (beyond the peak strain) has little influence on the metadynamic recrystallization behaviors in 42CrMo steel. The predicted results well agree with the experimental ones, which indicate that the proposed kinetic equations can give a precise estimate of the softening behaviors and microstructural evolution for the hot deformed 42CrMo steel.     

Prediction of static recrystallization in a multi-pass hot deformed low-alloy steel using artificial neural network

The static recrystallization behaviors in 42CrMo steel were investigated by isothermal interrupted hot compression tests. Based on the experimental results, an efficient artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict the flow stress and static recrystallized fractions. The effects of the deformation temperature, strain rate and deformation degree, as well as initial grain sizes, on the static recrystallization behaviors in two-pass hot compressed 42CrMo steel were investigated by the experiments and ANN model. A very good correlation between the experimental and predicted results from the developed ANN model has been obtained, which indicates that the excellent capability of the developed ANN model to predict the flow stress level and static recrystallization behaviors in two-pass hot deformed 42CrMo steel. The effects of strain rate, deformation temperature and degree of deformation on the static recrystallization behaviors are significant, while those of the initial austenite grain size are slight.     

Numerical simulation and experimental verification of microstructure evolution in a three-dimensional hot upsetting process

The hot compression tests of 42CrMo steel were performed in the temperature range of 850–1150 °C at strain rates of 0.01–10 s^?1 and deformation degrees of 10–60% on Gleeble-1500 thermo-simulation machine. The optical microstructures in the center region of the section plane were examined. Based on the results from thermo-simulation experiments and metallographic analysis, the dynamic recrystallization mathematical models of 42CrMo steel were derived. The effects of processing parameters, including the strain rate and deformation temperature, on the microstructure evolution of 42CrMo steel hot upsetting process were discussed by integrating the thermo-mechanical coupled finite element method with the derived microstructure evolution models. The fraction of dynamic recrystallization and dynamic recrystallization grain sizes during the hot upsetting process of 42CrMo steel were predicted. The results show that the effects of strain rates and deformation temperatures on the microstructure evolution of 42CrMo steel hot upsetting process are significant, and a good agreement between the predicted and experimental results was obtained, which confirmed that the derived dynamic recrystallization mathematical models can be successfully incorporated into the finite element model to predict the microstructure evolution of hot upsetting process for 42CrMo steel.     

热变形对42CrMo钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸影响的试验研究

采用热压缩试验与有限元模拟相结合的方法,研究42CrMo钢热加工过程中临界变形、多道次压下、道次间隔时间和完全再结晶后的保温时间对奥氏体晶粒长大的影响规律。结果显示,在热变形过程中,增大道次压下量,缩短道次间隔时间,有利于晶粒细化。在热变形的最后工序中,应尽量避免容易引起晶粒粗大的临界变形;热变形完成后,应尽量缩短保温时间,防止再结晶后的晶粒异常长大;在1050℃温度附近,42CrMo钢的保温时间不应超过30min。     

贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢中的氢陷阱

运用电化学渗透技术研究了传统高强钢(42CrMo)和贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢(U20Si)中氢的扩散和氢陷阱。结果表明，氢在U20Si钢中的扩散系数远小于在淬火回火的42CrMo高强钢中的。另外，两种材料中氢陷阱的情况不同，U20Si钢中的氢陷阱主要为高度均匀弥散分布的贝氏体/马氏体板条界和薄膜状残留奥氏体，而42CrMo钢中的氢陷阱主要为铁素体/渗碳体界面。U20Si钢中的氢陷阱数量超过42CrMo钢的。力学性能测试表明，U20Si钢的氢脆敏感性低于传统的42CrMo钢的。断口分析显示前者的断口为准解理，后者的断口为沿晶断裂。U20Si钢氢脆敏感性低与其氢陷阱数量多且分布均匀密切相关。     

Effect of High-Energy and Instantaneous Electropulsing Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 42CrMo SteelEI北大核心CSCD

42CrMo steel was widely used in many industry fields for its excellent hardenability and high temperature strength. Many transmission mechanisms and fasteners, such as roller and heat-resistant gear, are made of this steel. However, the ductility of 42CrMo steel is relatively low after quenching and tempering. During high tempering Mo riched carbides at grain boundary and undecomposable martensite at low tempering are the main reasons for poor ductility of 42CrMo steel. Grain refinement can enhance both strength and ductility significantly, but traditional refinement technology will cause intergranular oxidation so that strengthening effect was weak. Although thermomechanical treatment can achieve dynamic recrystallization, its refinement effect is unstable. Elecropulsing treatment, which makes significant change in microstructure and properties of metals, has been applied in many fields such as, modification of solidified microstructure of liquid metal, healing of fatigue crack, nanocrystallization of amorphous materials and so on. Moreover, this process can produce superior mechanical properties in metals. In order to improve the mechanical properties of 42CrMo steel better, high-energy and instantaneous electropulsing treatment was applied. In this contribution, 42CrMo steel was subjected to traditional and electropulsing treatment individually. It was found that EPQ treatment (480 ms electropulsing treatment, water cooled) results in finer grain, promoting the formation of retained austenite and twin martensite; EPT treatment (180 ms electropulsing treatment, air cooled) can stabilize retained austenite in EPQ specimen and induce multiphase structure. Mechanical properties results indicate that strength-ductility balance of EPQ and EPQ+EPT specimen are 32% and 13.9% higher than that of TQ (traditional quenched) and EPQ+TT (traditional tempered) specimen respectively.     

35CrMo钢动态再结晶的实验研究与数值模拟

通过单道次压缩试验,并结合动态再结晶唯象理论,获得35CrMo钢动态再结晶数学模型,同时应用MARC软件对动态再结晶过程进行数值模拟,与实验结果比较可得出,该模型能较精确地反映动态再结晶规律。     

冷处理对42CrMo钢硬度和耐磨性的影响

在42CrMo钢常规处理的基础上增加了冷处理,研究浅冷处理和深冷处理对42CrMo钢硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明,经浅冷处理和深冷处理后,42CrMo钢中残留奥氏体向马氏体发生转变,且碳化物析出增多,致使钢的硬度和耐磨性均有提升,且深冷处理后硬度和耐磨性提升幅度高于浅冷处理。     

激光功率对42CrMo钢激光熔覆层组织和摩擦磨损性能的影响

利用摩擦磨损试验探究不同激光功率下42CrMo钢激光熔覆层的耐磨性,采用SEM和OM观察了试样摩擦磨损前后的熔覆层组织形貌。结果表明:42CrMo钢基体的摩擦因数较大,且在该摩擦磨损后出现了严重的脆性剥落现象,激光熔覆层可以提升42CrMo钢的耐磨损性能;当激光功率为1600 W时,摩擦因数可降低至0.28,熔覆层表面SEM形貌较为光滑,耐磨性优异,熔覆层组织中的晶粒细化均匀,主要表现为细小的等轴晶,组织较为致密,从而提高了熔覆层的耐磨损性能。     

EFFECT OF INITIAL GRAIN SIZE ON STATIC RECRYSTALLIZA-TION SOFTENING IN Cr STEEL USING STRESS RELAXATION TECHNIQUE

Effect of initial grain size (I.G.S.) on static recrystallization softening in Cr steel (0.77wt. % Cr) has been investigated through the use of interrupted hot compression tests and stress relaxation curves from Gleeble 1500. Initial grain sizes were varied between 20 and 93 microns. Stress strains curves for Cr steel for different initial grain sizes and recrystallization times have been highlighted. Similar observation was made for metadynamic recrystallization with shorter retardation times. Statically recrystallized grain size also increased as initial grain size increases. It is found that the values of initial grain size have significant effects on the mean flow stress and static recrystallization kinetics as well as the peak strain values to initiate dynamic recrystallization.