转录因子Snail在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义

目的检测转录因子Snail mRNA及蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中的表达,探讨Snail在NSCLC发生发展中的作用。方法采用免疫组织化学、RT-PCR的方法检测NSCLC、癌旁相对正常肺组织(>5cm)中转录因子Snail蛋白及mRNA的表达,并分析其与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果 NSCLC组织中Snail mRNA的阳性表达率(82.7%)高于癌旁相对正常肺组织(23.1%,P<0.05);NSCLC组织中Snail mRNA的阳性表达量(1.368±0.614)高于癌旁相对正常肺组织(0.579±0.217,P<0.05)。NSCLC组织中Snail蛋白的阳性表达率(80.8%)高于癌旁相对正常肺组织(23.1%,P<0.05),且癌组织中Snail蛋白阳性表达率与TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),而与组织分型、分化程度、吸烟史无关(P>0.05)。结论 NSCLC的癌变、侵袭、转移可能与Snail蛋白、mRNA的高表达有关。     

CD133 蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数及预后的关系

目的:研究CD133蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数及预后的关系。方法:选择2011年4月~2012年4月间我院收治的42例NSCLC的临床资料,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测癌组织和其中30例癌旁边正常组织CD133的表达,并分析其与肺癌临床病理参数及预后的关系。结果:癌症组织CD133蛋白阳性表达率为57.1%,高于癌旁边正常组织的16.7%,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05);CD133蛋白阳性表达与NSCLC患者年龄、性别以及肿瘤大小、肿瘤位置、组织学类型、组织分化程度以及不同临床分期无关(均P0.05),与淋巴结转移有关,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CDD133阳性及阴性患者近3年生存率比较,1年生存率比较差异不显著(P0.05),2、3年生存率比较,差异显著有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CD133蛋白在NSCLC组织中的高表达,且与NSCLC转移及预后密切相关,对于患者临床特征及预后的关系具有重要的研究价值。     

Skp2和P27在食管鳞状细胞癌中表达及其临床意义

目的:研究S期激酶相关蛋白2(Skp2)与细胞周期素抑制因子P27在人食管鳞状细胞癌中蛋白冰平的表达差异,分析二基因的相互关系及其与食管鳞癌浸润深度、组织学分级、淋巴结转移等临床病理因素间的关系,探讨Skp2和P27在食管鳞癌发生发展过程中的作用及其临床意义.方法:应用免疫组化检测49例食管鳞癌及其切缘正常组织中Skp2和P27的表达,用PearsonX<'2>检验分析二者的表达在两组间是否有差别;用Pearson X<'2>检验和Fisher's确切概率法分析Skp2和P27表达与食管鳞癌患者性别、年龄、临床分期、病理组织学分级、淋巴结转移等临床病理因素间的关系;用Pearson相关系数分析食管鳞癌中Skp2和P27两者表达的相关性;结果:Skp2在食管鳞癌及其切缘正常粘膜组织中的阳性表达率分别为57.1%和20.0%,(P<0.05).P27在食管鳞癌及其切缘正常粘膜组织中的阳性表达率分别为51.0%和85.0%,(P<0.05).Skp2和P27的表达与临床分期、组织学分级、淋巴结转移显著相关,与患者性别、年龄无显著相关,且二者在食管鳞癌中表达呈显著负相关.结论:食管鳞癌中Skp2基因在蛋白水平高表达,在切缘正常粘膜组织中低表达,P27蛋白表达与Skp2蛋白表达之间呈负相关.Skp2和P27表达与食管鳞癌肿瘤临床分期、组织学分级、淋巴结转移等临床病理因素密切相关.     

凋亡抑制蛋白Livin和抑癌基因p53在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床病理学意义

目的检测livin和P53蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达并分析其临床病理学意义。方法采用免疫组织化学(SABC)的方法检测livin和P53蛋白在40例NSCLC患者肺癌组织切片中的表达,分析其与临床病理学参数之间的关系。结果40例NSCLC中livin和P53蛋白阳性表达率分别为47.5%和52.5%,在淋巴结转移的NSCLC组织中livin的阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移的肺癌组织(P<0.05),且与肺癌不同分期有关(P<0.05)。P53蛋白表达亦与肿瘤分期有关,P53在鳞癌中的表达率显著高于腺癌(P<0.05)。P53和livin均与年龄、性别、肿瘤分化程度等临床病理学参数无关(P>0.05)。Livin与P53蛋白的表达无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论livin与P53异常表达与NSCLC的恶性生物学行为有关,其表达对临床上判断NSCLC的预后有重要意义。     

TNC在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:肺癌是威胁人类健康最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,并且已有超过1/3的NSCLC患者诊断时发生了转移。早期判断肺癌的转移对于肺癌患者的治疗和预后有非常重要的意义。Tenasein-C(TNC)具有调节细胞发生、增殖、迁移、分化的作用。本文主要研究Tenascin-C(TNC)蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达,探讨Tenascin-C与NSCLC临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学EnVinsion法检测70例NSCLC及其正常组织内TNC蛋白的表达情况,并分析肺癌组织中TNC的表达和临床病理特征之间的关系。结果:TNC在NSCLC组织内高表达而在正常组织中不表达。TNC在腺癌和鳞癌中表达差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。TNC表达与NSCLC的TNM分期、有无侵及胸膜及淋巴结转移有关(P0.05),但其表达与肿瘤直径、病理分级无关(P0.05)。结论:结果显示TNC的表达与肺癌的分类无关。进一步的分析表明,TNC表达与NSCLC的肿瘤的TNM分期、有无胸膜浸润及淋巴结转移有关,但其表达与肿瘤直径、病理分级无关。故TNC在NSCLC组织中的表达与NSCLC的侵袭和转移有关,其表达可能有助于肿瘤细胞的转移和癌细胞浸润,检测其表达有助于判断肺癌患者的预后。     

非小细胞肺癌患者血清miR-146a、miR-141的表达及临床意义

目的:研究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者血清微小RNA-146a(mi R-146a)、mi R-141的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2015年1月至2018年1月我院收治的106例NSCLC患者记为NSCLC组,另选取同期于我院进行体检的40例健康体检者记为健康对照组。采用荧光实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测两组血清mi R-146a、mi R-141的表达水平,分析NSCLC患者血清mi R-146a、mi R-141表达水平与临床病理参数的关系,比较血清mi R-146a、mi R-141单一诊断及联合诊断NSCLC的曲线下面积(AUC)、灵敏度、特异度。结果:NSCLC组患者的血清mi R-146a、mi R-141表达水平高于健康对照组(P0.05)。NSCLC患者血清mi R-146a表达水平与病理分期有关(P0.05),与年龄、性别、吸烟史、病理类型、病理分级、肿瘤直径及是否伴有淋巴结转移无关(P0.05)。NSCLC患者血清mi R-141表达水平与病理分期、病理分级及是否伴有淋巴结转移有关(P0.05),与年龄、性别、吸烟史、病理类型、肿瘤直径无关(P0.05)。血清mi R-146a、mi R-141单一诊断及两者联合诊断NSCLC的AUC分别为0.841、0.772、0.921,敏感度分别为85.1%、80.5%、93.5%,特异度分别为84.2%、75.3%、89.8%。结论:NSCLC患者血清mi R-146a、mi R-141表达水平升高,且与部分临床病理参数有关,两者联合检测对NSCLC诊断具有较高的诊断价值。     

乙醛脱氢酶1和肿瘤坏死因子相关诱导凋亡配体在膀胱癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨乙醛脱氢酶1(ALDH-1)和肿瘤坏死因子相关诱导凋亡配体(TRAIL)在膀胱癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:选取2015年3月到2018年1月在河北北方学院附属第一医院进行治疗的膀胱癌患者70例,收集其手术切除的癌组织和癌旁正常组织,采用免疫组化法检测癌组织和癌旁正常组织中ALDH-1、TRAIL表达情况,分析ALDH-1、TRAIL的表达与膀胱癌患者的临床病理特征的关系及癌组织中ALDH-1、TRAIL表达的相关性。结果:癌组织中的ALDH-1的阳性表达率高于癌旁正常组织,TRAIL的阳性表达率低于癌旁正常组织(P0.05)。膀胱癌患者的ALDH-1阳性表达率与年龄、性别、分化程度、肿瘤数量无关(P0.05),临床分期为T2-T3期、有淋巴结转移的膀胱癌患者ALDH-1阳性表达率高于临床分期为Ta-T1期、无淋巴结转移的膀胱癌患者(P0.05)。膀胱癌患者的TRAIL阳性表达率与年龄、性别、临床分期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤数量无关(P0.05),高分化的膀胱癌患者TRAIL阳性表达率高于中低分化的膀胱癌患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,癌组织中ALDH-1、TRAIL表达无明显的相关性(P0.05)。结论:膀胱癌组织中ALDH-1的表达偏高且与临床分期和淋巴结转移有关,TRAIL的表达偏低且与分化程度有关,但ALDH-1和TRAIL之间无相关性,需进一步探讨与研究。     

结直肠癌COX-2表达及其与临床病理特征的相关性分析

目的:探讨结直肠癌环氧化酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)的表达及其与临床病理特征的相关性。方法:选择2017年8月～2019年6月在本院外科手术诊治的结直肠癌患者60例,取所有患者的病灶组织标本与癌旁组织标本,采用PCR与免疫组化法检测COX-2 mRNA与蛋白表达情况,分析其与患者的临床病理特征的相关性。结果:直肠癌组织COX-2 mRNA与蛋白表达阳性率分别为63.3%和55.0%,显著高于癌旁组织的20.0%和16.7%(P0.05)。随着结直肠癌的病理分期及分化程度的增加、淋巴结转移的发生,直肠癌组织的COX-2 mRNA、蛋白表达阳性率显著升高(P0.05)。Spearman等级相关分析显示直肠癌组织的COX-2 mRNA、蛋白表达阳性率与临床分期、组织学分化与淋巴结转移都存在显著相关性(P0.05)。Cox模型多因素分析显示临床分期、组织学分化与淋巴结转移都是影响COX-2蛋白表达的主要因素(P0.05)。结论:结直肠癌COX-2的mRNA与蛋白都呈现高表达,与患者的临床分期、组织学分化与淋巴结转移显著相关。     

非小细胞肺癌中DPC4、VEGF基因的表达及相关性研究

目的:研究DPC4和VEGF基因在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及相关性.方法:利用免疫组织化学SP法检测60例NSCLC组织、10例相应的癌旁正常肺组织中DPC4、VEGF的表达.结果:DPC4在60例NSCLC标本中的阳性表达率为63.3%(38/60),癌旁正常肺组织中的阳性表达率90.0%(9/10),差别有显著性意义(P＜0.05);DPCA与患者的年龄、性别、组织学类型、TNM分期、肿瘤细胞分化程度无关(P＞0.05),而与淋巴结转移显著相关(P＜0.05).肺癌组织中VEGF阳性率(81.7%,49/60)明显高于正常肺组织(20.0%,2/10),有显著性差别(P＜0.05);VEGF的阳性表达与患者的年龄、性别、组织学类型无关(P＞0.05),而与TNM分期、肿瘤细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移明显相关.60例NSCLC中,DPCA的表达与VEGF呈明显的负相关(r=0.303,P＜0.05).结论:DPC4在肺癌组织中低表达,可促进肺癌的淋巴结转移.VEGF在肺癌组织中高表达,可促进肺癌的发生、发展、转移.DPC4、VEGF在肺癌中的表达呈负相关,提示DPC4可能通过下调VEGF的表达而抑制血管的生成.     

Kiss-1 及MVD 在非小细胞肺癌中检测的临床意义及其相关性研究

目的:测定NSCLC组织中kiss-1基因表达、MVD分布,探讨其临床意义及其相关性.方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测56例NSCLC组织中Kiss-1表达及MVD分布情况,分析其与NSCLC的临床病理参数的关系及其相关性.结果:Kiss-1在NSCLC表达低于对照组(P＜0.05),MVD在NSCLC分布明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).Kiss-1与NSCLC的临床分期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小有关(P＜0.05).MVD与NSCLC分化程度、临床分期及淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小有关(P＜0.05).Kiss-1阳性组MVD分布明显低于Kiss-1阴性表达组,二者呈负相关(P＜0.05,r=-0.363).结论:Kiss-1及MVD在非小细胞肺癌发生、发展中发挥重要作用,二者存在相关性,联合检测可帮助预测NSCLC的侵袭、转移,判断预后.     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

Oxidation and nitration of ribonuclease and lysozyme by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase

In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier.     

Prostaglandin and thromboxane production by human and guinea-pig macrophages and leucocytes

The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE₂, PGD₂, PGF_2α, TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF_1α. In all types studied PGE₂ and TXB₂ were the major products formed. The identification of PGE₂ and TXB₂ was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology.     

Antibacterial and Antifugal Mono- and Di-substituted Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Triazine-derived Schiff-bases and their Transition Metal Complexes

A new series of antibacterial and antifungal triazine-derived mono- and di-substituted (symmetrical and unsymmetrical) Schiff-bases and their cobalt(II), copper(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) metal complexes have been synthesized and characterized by their elemental analyses, molar conductances, magnetic moments and IR and electronic spectral measurements. IR spectra indicated the ligands to act as tridentate towards divalent metal ions via a trazine-N, the azomethine-N and, indole-NH and deprotonated-O of salicylaldehyde. The magnetic moments and electronic spectral data suggest octahedral geometry for the Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)complexes and square-pyramid for Cu(II) complexes. NMR spectral data of the ligands and their diamagnetic zinc(II) complexes well-define their proposed structures/geometries. Elemental analyses data of the ligands and metal complexes agree with their proposed structures/geometries. The synthesized ligands, along with their metal complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtillis, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi and for antifungal activity against Trichophyton longifusus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Microsporum canis, Fusarium solani and Candida glaberata. The results of these studies show the metal complexes to be more antibacterial/antifungal against two or more species as compared to the uncomplexed Schiff-base ligands.