甘蔗渣对水中Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的实验研究

对甘蔗渣进行了吸附去除水中Cr(VI)的模拟实验研究,重点考察了pH、甘蔗渣用量、Cr(VI)的初始浓度等因素对吸附效果的影响,探究了其吸附规律。实验结果显示,在温度50℃,pH为2,甘蔗渣粉用量为2g/100mL,震荡时间1h,Cr(VI)初始浓度50mg/L下,Cr(VI)的去除率可达到90%以上。甘蔗粉对水中Cr(VI)的吸附符合动力学二级反应,等温吸附规律可用Freundlich、Langmuir模式较好地描述。     

活性炭纤维处理含苯胺废水的试验研究

采用活性炭纤维（ACF）对含苯胺废水进行了静态和动态吸附试验,研究了pH值、盐效应对吸附效果的影响,对动态条件下苯胺浓度和流速对吸附效果的影响进行了试验研究,绘制了吸附等温线、动力学曲线和动态吸附穿透曲线。结果表明：活性炭纤维对苯胺吸附效果良好,当溶液pH值接近中性时吸附率较高,溶液中的含盐量会影响吸附效果,在苯胺浓度一定的情况下,100 mL废水最佳吸附时间为4min;动态条件下,苯胺浓度增加、流速增大都会使初始穿透点提前。     

含锌重金属废水藻类吸附处理技术

以小球藻为吸附剂,研究藻类吸附剂对重金属废水中Zn2+的吸附过程,分析吸附时间、温度、pH值、Zn2+起始浓度以及预处理过程等因素对小球藻吸附Zn2+性能的影响。结果表明:预处理能提高小球藻的吸附性能,其吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附特征,对废水的pH值适应范围广。对于ρ(Zn2+)=100 mg/L的重金属废水经小球藻一次处理,去除率达到98%。小球藻吸附处理废水中Zn2+的较佳工艺条件为pH值6.5、温度25℃、吸附时间60 min、小球藻用量2 g/L。     

木质纤维素对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以木质纤维素为吸附剂,分析吸附时间、初始浓度、pH值、温度等因素对木质纤维素吸附亚甲基蓝阳离子染料的影响.结果表明:木质纤维素对亚甲基蓝吸附300min后达到平衡,初始浓度超过180mg/L后吸附量不再增加,pH值由2增加到8时,吸附量由23.0mg/g增加到40.1 mg/g,温度对吸附量呈现先增大后减小的趋势.讨论...     

钢渣去除高含磷选矿废水中磷的研究

通过静态试验,研究了钢渣对模拟选矿废水中总磷的去除及机理。探讨了影响其除磷的因素如温度、接触时间、pH、钢渣粒径、钢渣用量、磷的初始浓度等。结果表明,钢渣有很好的除磷效果。当模拟选矿废水的初始pH=7时,初始总磷浓度为50mg/L,投入足量(4g钢渣/L废水),粒径为140目的钢渣,钢渣对总磷的去除率可达到99%以上,钢渣对磷的平衡吸附量最大达到22.16mg/g。其吸附规律符合Freundlich经验公式,钢渣除磷的方式主要包括物理吸附和化学沉淀作用,当废水pH7时,钢渣对磷的除去作用以化学沉淀作用为主。     

改性沸石吸附水中铬(Ⅵ)的试验研究

采用氯化铁改性后的沸石对溶液中的铬(Ⅵ)进行静态吸附试验,研究了溶液pH值吸附时间、吸附剂用量、铬(Ⅵ)初始浓度等因素对吸附的影响.结果表明,改性沸石吸附铬(Ⅵ)的速度比天然沸石快,1h内可达到吸附平衡;溶液pH值在偏酸性时更有利于吸附进行;用Langmuir方程拟合了吸附等温线(R=0.9999),可用二级动力学方程描述吸附动力学过程,实验条件下计算的最大吸附量为1.18mg/g.     

新型微介孔复合材料La/13X/MCM-41光催化降解壬基酚的研究

以碱处理后的13X分子筛、硅酸钠为原料,加入模板剂,同时引入La2O3,在水热条件下晶化生成具有良好的吸附性能和光催化性能的新型微孔-介孔复合材料La/13X/MCM-41,并将其应用于壬基酚(NP)的光催化降解.通过XRD、TEM、FT-IR、N2吸附-脱附等技术对复合材料的微观结构进行了表征分析.考察了催化剂用量、NP初始浓度、初始pH、光照时间等对NP光催化降解效率的影响.结果表明:在催化剂用量为0.1 g/L、初始浓度为1 mg/L、初始pH为6、光照时间为210 min的最佳条件下,NP的光催化降解效率可达93％以上,反应符合一级动力学方程,复合材料La/13X/MCM-41具有较高的催化活性.     

Ti/MCM-22/MCM-41微介孔复合材料光催化降解酸性红B模拟废水的研究

采用纳米自组装法制备了具有吸附性和光催化性的Ti/MCM-22/MCM-41微介孔复合材料,利用X射线衍射、N2吸附、扫描电镜等方法对其进行表征。将复合材料用于光催化降解酸性红B的实验,考察了催化剂用量、光照时间、pH值和染料初始浓度对光催化降解率的影响,并对光降解产物进行了紫外光谱分析。结果表明:当染料的初始浓度为50 mg/L,废水pH在6左右,催化剂投加量为0.1 g/L,光照时间120 min,酸性红B的去除率可达98%以上,光催化降解反应遵循一级反应动力学方程。降解产物的紫外光谱图表明,降解后酸性红B的两个特征吸收带消失,结构的共轭系被打破,颜色消失,说明该复合材料去除水中的酸性红B主要是通过光催化作用。     

活性炭吸附法脱除地热水中微量苯酚的试验研究

研究了精制椰壳活性炭吸附地热水中微量苯酚的各项参数,通过静态试验系统考察了活性炭用量,水样pH,反应时间,苯酚初始浓度等重要因素,确定了处理地热水中苯酚的最佳条件:活性炭用量6 g/L,pH值6.5,反应时间6 h,苯酚的初始浓度0.5 mg/L,处理效果最佳;并据此进行了动态小试试验,从动力学角度分析吸附原理,其动力学更好的符合伪二级反应动力学模型。将动态试验数据在origin软件中处理,得到适用于活性炭固定床吸附苯酚的穿透曲线模型,旨在为苯酚吸附过程的设计提供参考。     

酿酒酵母吸附水溶液中Cu~(2+)的研究

本研究利用酿酒酵母作为生物吸附剂吸附重金属Cu~(2+),探讨了酿酒酵母在不同条件下对重金属铜离子的吸附能力。研究结果表明:当Cu~(2+)的初始浓度为1 g/L,酵母投加量为5 g/L,吸附时间30 min时,Cu~(2+)的吸附率达到最高,为92.80%;当Cu~(2+)的初始浓度为1 g/L,酵母投加量为5 g/L,吸附时间为45 min时,Cu~(2+)的吸附率最高,达到92.30%;当转速在100 r/min时,Cu~(2+)的吸附率最高,为94.33%;当pH为7时Cu~(2+)的吸附率最高,为95.48%;当温度为30℃时,Cu~(2+)的吸附率最高,为94.19%。最佳的吸附条件为:吸附时间45 min,转速100 r/min,pH为7,温度30℃。     

Pb~(2+)在天然泥炭上的吸附特征研究

研究了泥炭吸附水中Pb2 的吸附动力学和吸附等温式.考查了泥炭用量、Pb2 初始浓度、溶液pH值和温度对吸附反应的影响.结果表明,泥炭对Pb2 具有较强的吸附性能;其吸附动力学符合Langmuir准二级反应速率模型;其吸附等温式符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型,且其吸附过程为热力学吸热和自发过程.     

Pb^2＋在天然泥炭上的吸附特征研究

研究了泥炭吸附水中Pb^2＋的吸附动力学和吸附等温式。考查了泥炭用量、Pb^2＋初始浓度、溶液pH值和温度对吸附反应的影响。结果表明，泥炭对Pb^2＋具有较强的吸附性能；其吸附动力学符合Langmuir准二级反应速率模型；其吸附等温式符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型，且其吸附过程为热力学吸热和自发过程。     

Preparation and characterization of CTAB-HACC bentonite and its ability to adsorb phenol from aqueous solution

A novel type of adsorbent was prepared by modifying bentonite with N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The adsorbent was named CTAB-HACC bentonite. Its characteristics were investigated using thermogravimetric, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption of phenol onto CTAB-HACC bentonite was evaluated by changing various parameters, such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial pH of the solution, and temperature. The maximum adsorption was observed at pH 12. Adsorption of phenol on CTAB-HACC bentonite favored at lower temperature and established the equilibrium in 30 min. The adsorption efficiency reached 82.1%, and the adsorption capacity was 7.12 mg/g from the phenol solution with a concentration of 500 mg/L at pH 12.0 and 20 degrees C.     

水溶液体系中高岭石吸附Cu2+的研究

研究了溶液浓度、pH值、交换吸附时间、磁感应强度和磁场处理时间对高岭石吸附重金属离子Cu2+的影响作用。实验结果及分析表明,影响高岭石对Cu2+吸附的因素有:①在一定条件下,增加吸附作用时间,吸附量随之缓慢递增,最佳吸附时间是40~50 min;②改变溶液中初始浓度,其吸附交换等温线呈S形,属于二级吸附;③溶液的pH值在2~5之间增加时,吸附量也随之直线增加。指出磁场作用对低浓度的Cu2+的吸附量有着显著的影响,主要因素有磁场强度、磁化时间和磁化对象。     

Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics of atrazine removal using a banana peel based sorbent

Atrazine removal from water by treated banana peels was studied. The effect of pH, contact time, initial atrazine concentration, and temperature were investigated. Batch experiments demonstrated that 15 g L(-1) adsorbent dosage removed 90-99% of atrazine from 1-150 ppm aqueous solutions. The removal was both pH and temperature dependent with the most atrazine removed between pH 7 and 8.2 and increased with increasing temperature. Equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson models in the concentration and temperature ranges investigated, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 14 mg g(-1). Simple mass transfer models were applied to the experimental data to examine the adsorption mechanism and it was found that both external mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion played important roles in the adsorption mechanisms. The enthalpy of atrazine adsorption was evaluated to be 67.8 ± 6.3 kJ mol(-l) with a Gibbs free energy of -5.7 ± 1.2 kJ mol(-1).     

Decolorization of anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 19 by the combination of persulfate and zero-valent iron

Decolorization of anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) with sulfate radicals generated in situ from persulfate and zero-valent iron (ZVI) was investigated. The effects of initial solution pH, initial concentration of RB19, ZVI and persulfate, reaction temperature and common dissolved anions were studied. 100% color removal efficiency and 54% TOC removal efficiency were achieved in 45 min with an initial RB19 concentration of 0.1 mM under typical conditions (pH 7.0, 0.8 g L(-1) ZVI, 10 mM persulfate and 30 C). The decolorization efficiency of RB19 increased with higher iron dosage, higher initial persulfate concentration, and higher reaction temperature. It is also an acid driven process. The decolorization process followed pseudo-first order kinetics and the activation energy was 98.1 kJ mol-1. RB19 decolorization was inhibited by common dissolved anions such as CL-, NO3-, H2PO4- and HCO3- since they reacted with sulfate radicals that retarded the oxidation process. The experiment demonstrated that the combination of persulfate and ZVI was a promising technology for the decolorization of dye wastewater.     

铅锌矿尾矿吸附水溶液中碱性品绿的研究

以铅锌矿尾矿(TLZO)作为吸附剂,研究不同条件下吸附水溶液中碱性品绿(BG)的特性,并对其吸附机理进行探讨。结果表明:pH值对BG的吸附有显著影响,最佳pH值为7.0;TLZO吸附BG是一个快速的过程,40min即达到平衡。随着初始浓度的增加,吸附量越大,达到平衡所需的时间越长;动力学数据较好地符合拟二级动力学方程。初始阶段外扩散过程对TLZO吸附BG的速率影响较大;在内扩散过程中,同一初始浓度下速率常数Kp,2>Kp,3,同一扩散阶段的速率随着初始浓度的升高而升高。TLZO对BG的等温吸附行为较好地符合Freundlich吸附等温模型。     

Adsorption of Cr(VI) in wastewater using magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotubes

Magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotubes were prepared with wet chemical treatments and characterized by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). They were used as adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions. The effects of adsorbent dosage, the concentration of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution, temperature, and pH value on the removal efficiency were studied. Results showed that the adsorption capacity of the magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotubes increased with the initial Cr(VI) concentration, but decreased with the increase of adsorbent dosage. The adsorption amount increased with contact time. The adsorption kinetics were best represented by the pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherms indicated that the Langmuir model better reflected the adsorption process. The obtained calculation results for the Gibbs free energy revealed that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The enthalpy deviation was 3.835 kJ·mol⁻¹. The magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotubes showed significant potential for application in adsorption of heavy metal ions.     

粉煤灰成型及其处理氨氮废水的实验研究

通过设计正交实验筛选出处理效果较佳的成型粉煤灰,同时研究了吸附时间、pH值、投加量对处理效果的影响.研究表明:比例为80:10:10,烧结温度为600C,保温时间为90 min,成型质量为1g时,所得粉煤灰的吸附效果最佳;对于处理100 mL浓度约30 mg·L-1氨氮废水的最佳条件为:吸附时间90 min,pH为9,投加量为10 g,去除率可达约40％.