Checklist of tapeworms (Platyhelminthes,Cestoda) of vertebrates in Finland

A checklist of tapeworms (Cestoda) of vertebrates (fishes, birds and mammals) in Finland is presented, based on published observations, specimens deposited in the collections of the Finnish Museum of Natural History (Helsinki) and the Zoological Museum of the University of Turku, and additional specimens identified by the present author. The checklist includes 170 tapeworm species from 151 host species, comprising 447 parasite species/host species combinations. Thirty of the tapeworm species and 96 of the parasite/host species combinations have not been previously reported from Finland. The total number of tapeworm species in Finland (170 spp.) is significantly lower than the corresponding figure for the Iberian Peninsula (257 spp.), Slovakia (225 spp.) and Poland (279 spp.). The difference between Finland and the other three regions is particularly pronounced for anseriform, podicipediform, charadriiform and passeriform birds, reflecting inadequate and/or biased sampling of these birds in Finland. It is predicted that there are actually ca. 270 species of tapeworms in Finland, assuming that true number of bird tapeworms in Finland corresponds to that in other European countries with more comprehensive knowledge of the local tapeworm fauna. The other main pattern emerging from the present data is the seemingly unexplained absence in (northern) Fennoscandia of several mammalian tapeworms that otherwise have extensive distributions in the Holarctic region or in Eurasia, including the northern regions. Previously unknown type specimens, that is, the holotype of Bothrimonus nylandicus Schneider, 1902 (a junior synonym of Diplocotyle olrikii Krabbe, 1874) (MZH 127096) and the syntypes of Caryophyllaeides fennica (Schneider, 1902) (MZH 127097) were located in the collections of the Finnish Museum of Natural History.     

Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Amphibians and Reptiles in the Herpetological Museum of the Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences:V.Viperidae(Reptilia,Serpentes)

In China, there are about 37 species of vipers belonging to 12 genera in the family Viperidae. In the Herpetological Museum of the Chengdu Institute of Biology(CIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences, the type specimens of snakes represent seven species in four genera. As a series of reports on the type specimens of Amphibians and Reptilies deposited in the Herpetological Museum of CIB, this paper focuses on the venomous snake family Viperidae in the collections at this Museum.     

Annotated type catalogue of land snails collected from Taiwan (Formosa) in the Natural History Museum,London

The present catalogue lists the type specimens of land snail species, collected from Taiwan and deposited in the Natural History Museum, London. Thirty-seven nominal species described by Pfeiffer, Adams, Nevill, Moellendorff, Godwin-Austen and Gude were traced. I present here information on type status, collection data obtained from the registers and labels of each collection, and annotations on the current taxonomic affiliation. Lectotypes of 28 nominal (sub)species were newly designated. One holotype was fixed originally and two holotypes newly fixed by monotypy. Syntypes of two species and paralectotypes of three species were also discovered in the Museum. No specimen of the species Pupina adamsi Sowerby, 1878, which was supposed to be deposited in the NHM, was found. Pictures of the name-bearing types are provided for further research on biodiversity of the island.     

云南省瑞丽蚱科昆虫二新种(直翅目)

记述采自云南省德宏州瑞丽蚱科2新种,即瘤背柯蚱Coptotettix torulidosalis sp.nov.及郑氏台蚱Formosatettixzhengi sp.nov.。前者模式标本保存于西南林业大学标本馆及陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室,后者模式标本保存于西南林业大学标本馆。     

Microsatellite markers uncover cryptic species of Odontotermes (Termitoidae: Termitidae) from Peninsular Malaysia

Termites from the genus Odontotermes are known to contain numerous species complexes that are difficult to tell apart morphologically or with mitochondrial DNA sequences. We developed markers for one such cryptic species complex, that is, Odontotermes srinakarinensis sp. nov. from Maxwell Hill Forest Reserve (Perak, Malaysia), and characterised them using a sample of 41 termite workers from three voucher samples from the same area. We then genotyped 150 termite individuals from 23 voucher samples/colonies of this species complex from several sites in Peninsular Malaysia. We analysed their population by constructing dendograms from the proportion of shared-alleles between individuals and genetic distances between colonies; additionally, we examined the Bayesian clustering pattern of their genotype data. All methods of analysis indicated that there were two distinct clusters within our data set. After the morphologies of specimens from each cluster were reexamined, we were able to separate the two species morphologically and found that a single diagnostic character found on the mandibles of its soldiers could be used to separate the two species quite accurately. The additional species in the clade was identified as Odontotermes denticulatus after it was matched to type specimens at the NHM London and Cambridge Museum of Zoology.     

云南稻蝗属一新种（直翅目：斑腿蝗科）

记述云南省稻蝗属1新种,即三斑稻蝗Oxya trimaculata sp.nov.。新种近似于小稻蝗O.intricata(Stl,1861)和暗纹稻蝗O.fuscovittata(Marschall,1836),但以下特征区别于后二者:雄性尾须明显侧扁,向端部逐渐趋狭,侧观长三角形,近端部明显或略呈二分支,背支短,端部钝,腹支较长,端部较尖锐;雄性肛上板的三角形后突明显较大;后足股节内侧具3个黑色斑。另外,新种体型较小稻蝗大。模式标本保存于大理学院生物科学博物馆。     

中国大蓟马属一新种记述(缨翅目:蓟马科)

记述中国蓟马亚科1新种：贵州大蓟马Megalurothrips guizhouensis,sp.nov.，模式标本保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。     

Maeropsis paphavasitae and Rotomelita longipropoda,two new species (Crustacea,Amphipoda) from?Lower?Gulf of Thailand

Two new species of maerid and melitid Amphipoda, Maeropsis paphavasitae and Rotomelita longipropoda, respectively, collected from a seagrassbed of the Lower Gulf of Thailand, are described. Maeropsis paphavasitae is characterized by it seven teeth on the palm of gnathopod 2 and Rotomelita longipropoda can be recognized by its long gnathopod 1 propodus. Their characters are described and illustrated. All specimens are deposited at Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand and the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin.     

中国原(虫怱)科一新种和(虫怱)科一新种(蜻蜓目)

记述采自广东省原[虫怱]科1新种：华氏齿原[虫怱]Prodasineura huai sp.nov.和采自浙江省[虫怱]科1新种：大磐山斑[虫怱]Pseudagrion daponshanensis,sp.nov.,模式标本保存于浙江自然博物馆昆虫标本室。     

指蓟马属一新种及一新记录种：缨翅目：蓟马科

本文记述中国周氏指蓟马Ｃｈｉｒｏｔｈｒｉｐｓｓｐ．ｃｈｏｕｉ，ｎｏｖ．和１新记录种：喇嘛指蓟马Ｃｈｉｒｏｔｈｒｉｐｓｒａｍａｋｒｉｓｈｎａｉ。标本均保存在西北农业大学昆虫博物馆。     

中国叉索叶蝉属一新种(同翅目:叶蝉科:角顶叶蝉亚科)

叉索叶蝉属Neurotettix Matsumura隶属于角顶叶蝉亚科Deltocephalinae圆冠叶蝉族Athysanini,由Matsumura(1914)根据我国台湾的Neurotettix horishanus 为模式种建立,当时仅知1种.Ishihara(1963)对该属进行了重新描记并补充了雄性外生殖器特征.蔡平等(1999)报道了河南宝天曼的1个新种--双叉叉索叶蝉Neurotettix bifurcatus.本文记述采自我国湖南的1个新种脊茎叉索叶蝉Neurotettix flangenus, sp. nov.,至此,该属全世界已知3种,全部分布在我国.模式标本保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆.脊茎叉索叶蝉Neurotettix flangenus, 新种 (图1)新种与Neurotettix horishanus Matsumura相似,但本新种阳茎干较短,端部两侧有侧脊,而后者阳茎干细长,端部向背面弯曲、无突起或脊.本新种也与双叉叉索叶蝉Neurotettix bifurcatus Cai et Shen相似,但本新种端部两侧具脊,后者阳茎端部背缘有1对长突、腹缘有1对短突,明显不同.正模♂,湖南郴州苏仙岭,1985-Ⅶ-18,张雅林、柴勇辉;副模1♀,湖南郴州,1985-Ⅶ-5,张雅林、柴勇辉;1♀,湖南郴州,1985-Ⅶ-16,张雅林、柴勇辉;1♀,湖南郴州,1985-Ⅶ-23,张雅林、柴勇辉.     

A new species of Chresmodidae from Mid-Cretaceous amber discovered in Myanmar

The extinct new species,Chresmoda chikuni Zhang & Ge,sp.nov.is described from the Mid-Cretaceous amber from northem Myanmar.This amber insect exhibits a very peculiar combination of derived characters like strongly elongated,free coxa,non-clawed pretarsus.The type specimens are deposited in the Three Gorges Entomological Museum,Chongqing,China.     

中国横春叶蝉属一新种记述（同翅目：叶蝉科：角顶叶蝉亚科）

横春叶蝉属 H engchunia Vilbaste隶属于角顶叶蝉亚科 Deltocephalinae隆脊叶蝉族Paralimini,由 Vilbaste( 1 969)根据分布我国台湾的 H engchunia koshunensis( Matsumu-ra,1 91 4 )为模式种建立 ,当时仅知 1种。Remane & Asche ( 1 980 )建立 1新属 Pseupalus,仅包括模式种 1种 ,Webb & Heller ( 1 990 )又报道该属 3新种。 Asche & Webb ( 1 994)对上述两属进行比较后确认 Pseupalus是横春叶蝉属 H engchunia的异名 ,并发表 4新种。本文记述采自我国海南的 1新种 :短突横春叶蝉 H engchunia breviproducta,sp.nov.,至此 ,该属全世界已知 1 0种 ,我国已知 2种。短突横春叶蝉模式标本保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。短突横春叶蝉 Hengchunia breviproducta,新种 (图 1～ 1 0 )本新种与 H engchunia javana Asche & Webb,1 994相似 ,二者阳茎端部均有 1对伸向背侧缘的小突起 ,可与本属其它种相区别 ,但本新种阳茎前腔腹部突起较阳茎干短 ,阳基侧突端部仅有 1个伸向外侧的突起 ,无小的内脊 ,不同于后者。正模 :♂ ,海南两院 ,灯诱 ,1 983 - -0 1 ,张雅林。副模 :1♂ ,海南琼中 ,1 983 - -0 4,张雅林 ;1♀ ,海南通什 ,灯诱 ,1 983 - -0 7,张雅林。     

中国螳小蜂属一新种及二新纪录种(膜翅目,长尾小蜂科)

研究了长尾小蜂科长尾小蜂亚科螳小蜂属Podagrion Spinola,1811,描述1新种短脉螳小蜂Podagrion breviveirus sp.nov．及2新纪录种拟螳小蜂Podagrion isos Grissell ＆ Goodpasture和喀拉拉螳小蜂Podagrion keralensis Narendran。新种短脉螳小蜂Podagrion breviveinus sp.nov．与其它两种的主要区别是：触角棒节不膨大,棒节长度明显短于B．F7长度之和;并胸腹节2条亚中脊之间的夹角为锐角;前翅缘脉为后缘脉的8倍;产卵鞘长度约为体长的1．5倍。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆。     

An annotated list of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Mississippi

There has been no previous systematic statewide study of mosquitoes in Mississippi. This survey, resulting in the collection of over 400,000 specimens, was conducted by the authors from 2003 to 2007 throughout much of the state using CO₂‐baited CDC light traps and larval dipping. In addition, a health department contract mosquito surveillance technician collected several thousand specimens from the state from 2001 to 2003. Lastly, specimens housed at the Mississippi State University Entomological Museum, obtained from previous surveys, were included as vouchers for species occurring in the state. The collection records and literature show 60 species as occurring or having occurred in Mississippi. Voucher specimens representing 57 of the 60 species discussed are deposited in the Mississippi Entomological Museum or in the U.S. National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, D.C.     

Further notes on the fishes from the collection of Laurens Theodore Gronovius (1730–1777)

Previously unrecognized fish specimens from the collection of Laurens Theodore Gronovius (1730–1777) are catalogued and described. Five specimens of as many taxa are in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) and nine specimens of seven taxa preserved in alcohol are in the collection of the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, With one exception all have been examined; they are identified, related to the literature and eight specimens are shown to be part of the type series of Linnaean fish taxa.     

中国灯叶蝉属一新种记述（同翅目：叶蝉科：角顶叶蝉亚科）

灯叶蝉属Lamprotettix 隶属于角顶叶蝉亚科Deltocephalinae 圆冠叶蝉族Athysanini,由Ribaut 以Cicada octopunctata Schrank 为模式种建立。Ossiannilsson (1947) 和Ribaut (1952)确认 Lamprotettix splendidulus (Fabricius, 1803)和L. octopunctata (Schrank, 1796)是 L. nitidula (Fabricius, 1787) 的异名。该属目前仅知1种 L. nitidula (Fabricius)。本文记述采自我国云南的1新种 云南灯叶蝉L. yunnanensis, sp. nov.,至此,该属全世界已知2种,我国均有分布。新种模式标本保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。 云南灯叶蝉Lamprotettix yunnanensis, 新种（图1～10） 　　新种与Lamprotettix nitidulus (Fabricius, 1787) 相似,但本新种尾节后背缘无三角形突起,阳茎端部仅有1对伸向体前方的突起,不同于后者。 　　正模♂,云南大理苍山,2400m,1999-Ⅺ-12,秦道正采;副模1♀,同正模。     

中国球瓢蜡蝉属二新种记述(半翅目,瓢蜡蝉科)

1丽球瓢蜡蝉Hemisphaerius lysanias Fennah Gergithus esperauto Chou et Lu,1985:122,新异名观察标本:1♂(Gergitnus esperauto Chou et Lu的正模,原文记述为1♀,实际标本为雄虫),海南海口,1964-05-29,刘思孔采;1♂,海南岛保亭,1964-04-12,刘思孔采;1♂,海南马岭,1974-12-18,杨集昆采;2♂♂,海南尖峰岭,1981-01-6/8,陈振耀采;1♂,1♀,海南吊罗山,1983-05-23,张雅林采;1♂,海南岛尖峰岭,1983-05-26,张雅林采;3♂♂,2♀♀,海南琼中牙畜岭,2002-07-02,王培明采;21♂♂,7♀♀,海南定安县翰林,2002-07-26,王宗庆、车艳丽采;1♂,3♀♀,海南吊罗山,2002-08-16,王培明采;1♀,海南定安县岭口,2002-08-25,王宗庆、车艳丽采.2三瓣球瓢蜡蝉,新种Hemisphaerius trilobulus sp.nov.本种与H.tappanus Matsumura相似,但可从以下特征区分:1)前者前翅中域及边缘分别具有1斜条纹,条纹之间具有1个圆斑,后者翅近端部具2斜条纹;2)前者唇基端部具横带,后者唇基中央具2条纵带.正模♂,云南勐腊,1991-05-15,王应伦、彩万志采.副模:2♀♀,云南西双版纳勐仑,1974-04-21/30,周尧、袁锋、胡隐月采;2♂♂,3♀♀,云南西双版纳勐仑,1982-04-17/24,周静若、王素梅采;20♂♂,云南勐腊瑶区,1991-04-08/22,王应伦、彩万志采;10♀♀,云南勐腊瑶区,1991-05-07/11,王应伦、彩万志采.3双斑球瓢蜡蝉,新种Hemisphaerius bimaculatus sp.nov.本种与H.palaemon Fennah相近似,但可从以下特征区分:1)后翅仅为前翅的0.4倍,后者后翅为前翅的0.5;2)后足刺式6-10-2,后者6-9-2;3)额的端部具有2个浅色的斑,后者无.正模♂,福建天游,1982-06-27,张万池采.副模2♀♀,福建武夷宫,1982-06-26,齐石成采;1♀,福建戴云山,1984-07-30,崔志新采.