非标梯形截面碟形弹簧载荷位移特性测试分析

针对碟形弹簧轴向尺寸较小、能以很小的变形承受较大负载的特点,利用数控铣床作加载工具,在碟形弹簧上放置垫块以消除接触面间隙,利用应变式测力传感器监测实际加载的轴向载荷,利用接触式电感位移传感器监测位移,精确测量了4个不同材料和尺寸规格碟形弹簧的载荷-位移特性。研究结果表明,碟形弹簧的载荷-位移特性曲线呈非线性变化,且非线性程度受弹簧自身尺寸的影响较大。碟形弹簧在承受冲击载荷时,其弹性恢复性能良好,具有很好的缓冲能力。研究方法对类似结构载荷-位移特性的测试研究具有重要的参考价值。     

涡轮钻具用碟形弹簧的实验和有限元分析

碟簧本身的几何结构是非线性的,传统的碟簧设计理论认为,当碟簧高厚比(h0/t)小于0.5时,其载荷-位移呈现线性关系。本文对涡轮钻具平衡组件中的高厚比小于0.5的碟形弹簧进行了实验和有限元分析;逐渐增大载荷值,得到了线性分析和非线性分析的载荷-位移特性曲线;线性分析的载荷-位移特性曲线与实验数据的回归曲线基本一致,而非线性分析得到的载荷-位移特性曲线与实验数据有一定差距。     

膜片弹簧力学性能有限元分析

为分析具有对称结构的膜片弹簧的载荷特性曲线,利用ABAQUS软件建立了膜片弹簧单分离指结构的有限元模型,通过施加位移载荷模拟了膜片弹簧的压紧行程和分离行程,得到膜片弹簧的载荷-位移非线性特性曲线,并与Almen-Laszlo公式计算结果对比。结果显示,有限元计算得到特性曲线与理论公式计算结果趋势接近,验证了有限元模型的准确性。     

康复机器人准零刚度隔振特性分析与实验

为了解决康复机器人低频振动对人体的影响问题,提出并设计一种具有准零刚度特性的新型被动隔振机构,它由两个对称的具有负刚度特性的拉伸弹簧并联一个线性正刚度弹簧实现。首先,通过静力学特性,建立此隔振机构的力-位移和刚度-位移关系式,得出机构在静态平衡位置处具有准零刚度特性的参数条件;其次,通过动力学特性,建立其分别在简谐力和简谐位移激励下的非线性微分动力学方程,采用谐波平衡法分析机构参数与激励对系统力传递率、位移传递率的影响;最后,通过实验验证在有、无负刚度情况下,输入与输出的曲线。结果表明,在有负刚度机构的情况下,隔振系统具有一定范围的准零刚度特性,且低频隔振性能较好,达到了高静态、低动态刚度的效果。本研究对机器人低频隔振具有创新性和指导意义。     

恒压紧力模组箱体设计研究

为了解决现有的某型号模组箱体不能适应电池膨胀的问题,需要设计一种恒压紧力模组箱体,使电池在膨胀过程中始终受到一理想的恒定压紧力。通过对压紧机构工作特性的分析及常见变刚度弹簧和机构的研究,在模组箱体内部设计了一种结构紧凑的恒压紧力机构,并对其进行理论分析,得到其压紧力和位移的关系表达式。基于ABAQUS接触分析,计算了电池组的总膨胀量及恒压紧力机构的性能曲线。结果表明,恒压紧力模组箱体能为电池提供理想的压紧力。     

无油涡旋压缩机齿端面密封机构的设计

针对涡旋压缩机齿端面介质泄漏的特点,提出一种齿端面密封机构模型,通过齿端面开设的密封槽内安装自润滑材料密封条和弹簧,实现涡旋齿轴向间隙的密封。通过分析不同位置的密封条所受压差力情况,将密封条的工作状态分为无压差和有压差2种工况,分别建立密封机构的简化力学模型,通过密封条和动涡盘的受力分析,研究弹簧力、压差力和背压气体力3种载荷对密封机构工作过程的影响。结合受力分析结果,从密封槽深度、弹簧位移、背压腔直径等三方面,实现密封机构的结构设计,获得满足密封机构正常工作时的结构参数取值范围,为涡旋齿端面密封机构的设计提供了理论依据。     

基于ANSYS的气门动力学分析

采用单自由度的质量-弹簧振动模型对配气机构进行动力学特性分析,以排气门为分析对象,得出气门落座时的冲击载荷的曲线。应用ANSYS有限元分析工具,对该模型进行分析计算,得出气门在最大冲击载荷情况下的应力和变形情况等。结果表明,气门在承受最大落座冲击力时,在与气门座接触的气门锥面处有最大的应力,具有明显的应力集中现象。     

水压人工肌肉水下驱动试验系统设计与试验研究

为了研究水压人工肌肉在水下的性能演化规律和可靠性,设计了水压人工肌肉水下驱动试验系统。根据水压人工肌肉样本型号,分析水压人工肌肉的力位移特性。设计不同收缩量时的水压人工肌肉循环载荷试验结构和弹簧参数。搭建水压人工肌肉水下驱动试验系统,对试验台进行基本功能调试。完成水压人工肌肉在斜坡信号和正弦信号两种工况下的调试,得到了水压人工肌肉力位移特性曲线。试验系统在加载和采集数据中可以正常工作,为下一步水压人工肌肉在水下的研究提供条件。     

客车用空气弹簧的刚度特性试验分析

分析了空气弹簧的刚度特性,对某膜式空气弹簧进行了试验,得出了在初始充气压力0.2~0.5 MPa的加载时间与垂向载荷关系曲线、加载时间与内部气压关系曲线及位移与载荷的关系曲线,并进行了比较分析;再通过最小二乘法对不同压力下弹簧有效面积和有效容积随垂向位移变化关系进行拟合,得到了对应的(非)线性多项式,为控制车辆悬架刚度打下了基础。     

二维柱塞泵扭矩特性分析

二维柱塞泵采用弹簧预紧结构消除轴向间隙。装配实践发现,弹簧预紧力与二维柱塞泵扭矩呈正相关,与理论分析结果不同。针对扭矩异常开展了理论分析,并设计了工艺装备,使用显著性水平对理论分析结果进行检验。结果表明:弹簧预紧力对二维柱塞泵扭矩特性无影响;导轨、滚轮具有一定锥面时,加工、装配误差导致柱塞-同心环间产生了额外的法向力,是降低二维柱塞泵机械效率的重要原因。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....