基于事件树和PRA的民航机场恐怖袭击风险评估模型

为了降低民航机场恐怖袭击事件发生的概率和风险,提出了一种基于事件树和PRA的民航机场恐怖袭击风险评估模型,利用该模型对恐怖袭击方式、入侵路径、损失概率和遇袭风险等事件进行仿真,通过GTD和其他开源数据库,结合Delphi咨询法,以定量分析的方法,对某民航机场潜在的各类恐袭事件损失概率和遇袭风险进行了评估。仿真结果表明,小型无人机很可能被恐怖分子用于未来的恐袭活动中,应加强机场周界防御和监测措施。     

一种软件项目的风险评估模型及应用

文章提出了一种软件项目风险评估模型。采用AHP方法与模糊逻辑法相结合的方法进行风险评估,并根据软件项目管理的实际情况对AHP方法与模糊逻辑法进行了改造。最后确定出软件项目各风险的权重。在确定了项目的风险,并做出了评估和排序后,对这些风险采取适当的方法进行有效的风险控制。通过实例分析可知,利用该方法可以方便地求出软件项目风险权重,实验结果符合实际。     

基于改进AHP和熵权法相结合的山区在役柔性悬索桥运营安全风险评估

针对传统的层次分析法(AHP)在桥梁运营安全评估中的不足之处,提出了基于改进AHP和熵权法相结合的在役悬索桥运营安全风险评估分析方法。该方法通过定量、客观的分析,克服传统评估方法中各个风险指标权重值计算的局限性,做到了主观权重和客观权重相结合,为在役悬索桥制定科学、正确、合理的管理方案提供了重要参考。同时以云南新龙桥为例进行验证,得到各个风险源的权重值,并找到超载风险是影响悬索桥安全运营的主要影响风险源。运用有限元软件对悬索桥运营阶段基于超载风险的仿真分析,明确超载对该桥安全运营的影响程度。研究表明该评估方法改进和完善了在役悬索桥运营风险综合评估方法,同时对其他桥型的风险评估也有一定的参考意义。     

对外投资项目风险评估方法研究

研究对外投资项目风险准确评估问题。由于对外投资项目风险评估数据源主要来自专家经验和仿真数据,评估指标间存在依存关系和反馈作用,导致传统评估方法很难进行精确评估。为了提高评估精度,将改进后的群体网络层次分析法与模糊综合评价法相结合,提出了一种适用于对外投资项目风险评估的方法。首先利用德尔菲法建立对外投资项目风险评估指标体系,然后利用群体网络层次分析法确定各指标的综合权重,最后使用模糊评判模型对风险进行计算。以具体实例进行仿真,结果表明改进方法可以有效的评估对外投资项目风险等级,使专家经验较好地服务于风险评估过程,提高了评估结果的科学性和准确性,为对外投资项目风险提供了一种新的评估方法。     

网络安全的综合风险评估

本文对网络安全风险评估提出了一种新的综合风险评估方法。采用AHP方法与模糊逻辑法相结合的方法进行风险评估，并根据网络安全风险评估的实际情况对AHP方法与模糊逻辑法进行了改造。应用模糊逻辑法对各因素的评判不是直接评价其重要度，而是将各风险因素从概率方面、从影响方面、从不可控制性方面分别进行评判。先用AHP方法将风险评估分为三层，在确定第三层各风险因素的排序权向量时采用模糊逻辑法。最后利用AHP方法求出各风险因素的综合风险权重。通过实例分析可知，该方法可以方便地用于网络安全风险评估，实验结果符合实际。     

基于评判矩阵的网络信息安全风险评估

针对传统网络信息安全风险评估方法实用性较低的问题,笔者进行了基于评判矩阵的网络信息安全风险评估研究。笔者根据网络信息安全风险评估的原则选取了具有全面性、可比性以及稳定性等具有代表的评估指标,根据评估指标的特点建立评判矩阵,运用1-9标度法对指标权重进行求解,根据指标权重将网络信息安全风险分为5个级别,并分别构建网络信息安全风险评估函数,以此建立了基于评判矩阵的网络信息安全风险评估模型,并对网络信息安全风险进行逐层评估,经过试验验证了该模型具有良好的实用性。     

基于评估流程的信息安全风险的综合评估

对信息安全风险评估提出了一种新的评估方式。根据风险评估流程,采用模糊综合评判法和AHP方法相结合的方法,对信息系统安全风险进行综合评估。采用模糊综合评判的方法,对资产、威胁、脆弱性进行评估,判断资产的风险等级,求出资产风险值,对系统风险进行定量评定。在评估资产时,对资产的安全特性：机密性、完整性、可用性,采用AHP的方法,构造比较判断矩阵,求出各因素的权重。通过实例验证,该方法操作方便,评估结果准确,具有一定的实际意义。     

基于SVM的网络威胁频率预测算法研究

网络安全风险评估分为定量评估与定性评估两种方法。现今的评估方法多数仅对网络安全事件进行定性的评估，不能给出网络安全风险值的定量说明，评估结果缺乏客观性、动态性和可信性。本文在深入研究风险评估理论和实验的基础上提出了一种新的网络安全定量风险评估方法--基于支持向量机SVM的网络威胁频率预测方法，构造了相应的SSVM模型，并采用仿真数据对模型进行了验证。该模型对来自某局域网IDS实测数据的网络威胁频率进行了预测，和真实值的对比说明，所提出的网络威胁预测算法是行之有效效的。     

基于免疫的网络安全风险评估模型

风险评估是评价网络信息系统安全的有效措施之一,基于免疫网络安全风险评估较好的动态实时性,依据现有标准风险评估方程,设计了基于免疫机理的网络安全风险评估模型,提出了一种基于粗糙集的网络风险指标权重计算方法。实现层次化分析与动态评估,在保障动态实时性的同时,又能整体不孤立的对整个网络状况做出判断,增强了模型的健壮性。仿真实验结果表明了该模型的正确性和方法的有效性。     

基于AHP移动终端系统的安全风险评估

随着移动通信和终端技术的发展,移动智能终端已经广泛应用于人们的日常生活,未来将更多地融合到各种信息系统中,因此对移动智能终端系统进行安全风险评估成为必要。本文结合相关标准和当前移动智能终端面临的主要安全威胁,提出智能终端系统安全风险评估的概念;针对移动智能终端系统安全评估缺乏必要的模型描述,提出了一种基于AHP算法的智能终端系统安全风险评估模型,利用AHP算法对其进行安全风险评估,计算出各评估要素的相对风险程度和整个智能终端的安全风险等级,有利于建立分级的风险评估机制。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。