Cardioprotective effect of Urena lobataleaves extract on diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To know cardioprotective effect of U.lobataleaves extract on diabetic rat.METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male sprague dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by high fructose diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with water extract of U.lobataleaves in concentrations of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw for 4 weeks.After scarifying,heart organ were collected and then superoxyde dismutase(SOD)heart level,malondialdehyda(MDA)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)were examined.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract 250,500,and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to increase SOD heart level about 40%,50% and 70% respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the MDA heart level was decreased by 60%,90% and 110%(P<0.05)respectively.The supplementation of water extract from U.lobatain dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were also decrease TNF-αheart level approximately 20%,40% and 60% compared to control group(P<0.05).In diabetic groups,SOD heart level was decreased compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the MDA and TNF-αwere increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobataleaves extract acts as cardioprotector on diabetic rats by increasing of SOD heart level,decreasing of MDA heart level and TNF-α.This effect may be related to active compounds that act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in U.lobata extract.     

Potency of Urena lobataleaves extract on the inhibition of vasculopathy on diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To know the potency of Urena lobataleaves extract on the vasculopathy inhibition of diabetic rats.METHODS This study used control group post test only with male Sprague dawley rats.Diabetic rats were induced by high fructose diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with water extract of U.lobataleaves in dose of 250,500and1000mg·kg-1 bw for 4 weeks.After scarifying,blood sample were collected and then superoxyde dismutase(SOD)serum level,malondialdehyda(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and circulating endothelial cells(CECs)were examined.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to increase SOD serum level about 40%,70% and 100%respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the MDA serum level was decreased by 20%,40%and 50%(P<0.05)respectively.The supplementation of water extract from U.lobatain dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw also decrease TNF-αserum level approximately 40%,60% and 80% compared to control group(P<0.05),whereas the CECs level was decreased by 30%,50% and 70%(P<0.05)respectively.In diabetic groups,SOD serum level was decreased compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the MDA,TNF-αand CECs were increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobata leaves extract could inhibit vasculopathy on diabetic rats by increasing of SOD serum level,decreasing of MDA serum level,TNF-αand CECs.This potency may be related to active substances which act as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant in U.lobata extract.     

Potency of Urena lobataleaves extract on the inhibition of hepatic complication on diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate the potency of Urena lobata leaves extract on the inhibition of hepatic complication on diabetic rats.METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male Sprague dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by high fructose diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with water extract of U.lobataleaves in concentrations of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw for 4 weeks.After scarifying,liver organ and blood were collected and then superoxyde dismutase(SOD)hepar level,malondialdehyda(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT)and serum glutamic piruvic transaminase(SGPT)were examined.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0,05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to increase SOD hepar level about 90%,100% and 120%respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the MDA hepar level was decreased by 40%,50% and 70% respectively(P<0.05),whereas the TNF-αhepar level was decreased by 30%,50% and 70%respectively(P<0.05).The supplementation of water extract from U.lobatain dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw decrease SGOT level approximately10%,30% and 50% compared to control group(P<0.05),while the SGPT level was decreased by 10%,20% and 40%respectively(P<0.05).In diabetic groups,SOD heparlevel was decreased compared to normal group(P<0.05)whereas the MDA and TNF-αwere increased(P<0.05).Meanwhile SGOT level and SGPT were increased in diabetic group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobataleaves extract could inhibit hepatic complication on diabetic rats by increasing of SOD hepar level,decreasing of MDA hepar level,TNF-α,SGOT and SGPT.This effect may be related to active compounds that act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in U.lobata extract.     

Effect of Urena lobataleaves extract on the improvements of lipid profiles on diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate effect of U.lobataleaves extract on the improvement of lipid profiles on diabetic rats.METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male Sprague dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by high fructose diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with water extract of U.lobataleaves in dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw for 4weeks.After scarifying,blood sample was collected and then total cholesterol(TC)serum level,triglyceride(TG),low density lippoprotein(LDL)and high density lipoprotein(HDL)were examined.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The supplementation of water extract from U.lobatain dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw decrease TC serum level approximately 15%,25% and 35% compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),whereas the TG was decreased by 10%,20% and 30%(P<0.05)respectively.The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw also were able to decrease LDL serum level about 30%,60% and 90%respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the HDL serum level was increased by 40%,80% and 100%(P<0.05)respectively.In diabetic groups,HDL level serum was decreased compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the TC,TG and HDL were increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobata leaves extract could repair lipid profiles of diabetic rats by increasing of HDL serum level,decreasing of TC serum level,TG and LDL.This potency may be related to active substances which act as an anti-cholesterolemia and antioxidant in U.lobata extract.     

Effect of Urena lobataleaves extract on glucagon like peptide-1 serum level by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ on diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate effect of Urenalobataleaves extract on glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1)serum level by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ(DPP-Ⅳ)on diabetic rat. METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male spraque dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by High Fructose Diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with ethanolic extract of U.lobataleaves in dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 for 4weeks.Blood sample were collected from the tail vein at 15 min after oral glucose administration and then DPP-Ⅳserum level and GLP-1were examined using a rat elisa kits of DPP-Ⅳ and GLP-1.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract at dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to prolong GLP-1 bioavaibility approximately 5,2and 2.5-fold respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the DPP-Ⅳ serum level was decreased by 60%,50% and 40%(P<0.05),respectively.In diabetic groups,DPP-Ⅳ serum level was increased more and less 4-fold compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the GLP level were decreased by 8-fold(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobataleaves extract could prolong GLP-1 bioavaibility by reducing of DPP-Ⅳserum level.This effect may be related to active compounds that act as an DPP-Ⅳinhibitor in U.lobata extract.     

Anti-hyperglycemic effect of ethanolic leaves extract,hexane and water of Urena lobata on diabetic rats induced by high fructose diets and streptozotocin

OBJECTIVE To investigate anti-hyperglycemic effect of ethanolic leaves extract,hexane and water of Urena lobata on diabetic rat induced by high fructose diets and streptozotocin.METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male spraque dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by high fructose diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with ethanolic leaves extract,hexane and water of U.lobatain concentrations of 500mg·kg-1 bw for 4weeks.Blood sample were collected from the tail vein at 0,15,30,60 and 120min after oral glucose administration and then blood glucose level were measured using a commercially available glucometer.The integrated area under the postprandial glucose curves(AUCs)was calculated by the trapezoidal method.Insulin serum level examined by rat insulin elisa kits.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of ethanolic leaves extract,hexane and water of U.lobata were able to decrease glucose AUC about 40%,20% and 60% respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),whereas the insulin level was increased by 2,2and 4-fold(P<0.05),respectively.In diabetic groups,glucose AUC was increased approximately 70% compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the insulin level were decreased by 14-fold(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobataleaves extract could control the increase of blood glucose level after glucose administration by improve of insulin secretion.This effect may be related to active compounds that act as an anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant in U.lobataleaves extract.     

Effect of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf extract on lipid profile and antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf water extract on lipid profile and antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin(STZ,50mg·kg-1)intraperitoneally.Diabetic rats were divided into 5groups,consisting of 6rats.GroupⅠ,reserved as diabetic control,was administered distilled water and groupⅡ,reserved as positive control,was administered glibenclamide(10mg·kg-1·d-1)throughout the duration of the experiment.Those in groupⅢ,ⅣandⅤ were administered 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1·d-1 of the extract,respectively for 28 d.RESULTS Treatment with 500 and 1000mg·kg-1·d-1 of the extract resulted in reduction of serum AST,ALT,serum cholesterol,triglycerides and LDL,whereas HDL was found to be increased compared with diabetic control rats(P<0.05).Moreover,increased serum activities of superoxide dismutases and catalase were found in diabetic rats treated with the extract whereas serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was decreased,in comparison with diabetic control rat(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Cymbopogon citratus Stapf water extract provides a benefit effect on serum lipid and antioxidant effect in diabetic rats.Thus,the extract may lower cardiovascular disease risk and others complications related to hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in diabetic patients.     

Methanolic extract of ceplukan leaf(Physalis minima L.)attenuates ventricular fibrosis through inhibition of TNF-α in ovariectomized rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of ceplukan leaf(Physalis minima L),which contain phytoestrogen physalin and withanolides,toward ventricular TNF-αlevel and fibrosis in ovariectomized rats.METHODS Wistar rats divided into six groups(K1:normal;K2:5 weeks ovariectomy(OVX);K3:9weeks ovariectomy(OVX),K4,K5,and K5:9weeks OVX+4 weeks ceplukan leaf's methanolic extract dose 500,1500,and 2500 mg·kg-1,respectively.TNF-αlevel measured with ELISA method.Fibrosis measured as blue color percentage in Masson′s Trichrome staining.RESULTS This study showed that prolonged hypoestrogen increase ventricular fibrosis(P<0.05).Ceplukan leaf treatment also resulted in a decreased ventricular fibrosis and TNF-αlevel in dose dependent manner compared with those of without treatment group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the TNF-αlevel normalized in rat treated with 2500mg·kg-1 Physalis minima L(P<0.05).Reduction of fibrosis positively correlated with TNF-αlevel(P<0.05,r= 0.873).CONCLUSION Methanolic extract of ceplukan leaf decrease ventricular fibrosis through inhibition of ventricular TNF-αin ovariectomized rats.Duration of hypoestrogen increase ventricular fibrosis.     

三七总皂苷对慢性马兜铃酸肾病大鼠体内抗氧化作用的研究

目的观察三七总皂苷对慢性马兜铃酸肾病损害大鼠模型抗氧化作用。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组及三七总皂苷低、中、高剂量组。造模大鼠按马兜铃酸20 mg.kg-1.d-1的剂量灌服关木通浸膏,1周后改为按马兜铃酸15 mg.kg-1.d-1的剂量灌服,4 h后三七总皂苷各组灌服不同剂量三七总皂苷溶液(100、200、400 mg.kg-1.d-1),模型组灌服等体积生理盐水。分别于实验第12、16、20周测定大鼠肾组织SOD活性、MDA含量及GHS含量。结果三七总皂苷可升高慢性马兜铃酸肾病大鼠肾组织SOD活性和GSH-PX含量,明显降低肾组织中MDA(P<0.05)。结论三七总皂苷对慢性马兜铃酸肾病大鼠损伤起保护作用。     

熊果酸对动脉粥样硬化大鼠氧化应激和炎性反应的影响

目的 研究熊果酸(UA)对动脉粥样硬化(AS)大鼠氧化应激和炎性反应的抑制作用,并探讨其机制.方法 采用高脂饲料喂养结合腹腔注射VD3的方法建立早期AS大鼠模型,并分别灌胃给予UA(10、20、40 mg· kg-1· d-1)和辛伐他汀(SV, 1.8 mg· kg-1· d-1)进行干预,作为干预组,另设模型组和健康对照组(喂食正常饲料并腹腔注射生理盐水).采用比色法测定血清中抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性和丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧簇(ROS)含量;酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定血浆中炎性细胞因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)]含量;苏木精-尹红(HE)染色观察主动脉形态结构改变并进行病变分级.结果 UA(20、40 mg· kg -1· d-1)同步干预组大鼠血清中 SOD、CAT 活性较模型组显著升高[(318.3 ±29.4)、(12.3 ±2.4)U· mL-1vs(249.3 ±25.1)、(9.3 ±1.7)U· mL-1],MDA、ROS含量显著降低[(31.2 ±5.1)vs(49.6 ±7.0) mmol· L-1和(291.3 ±31.8)vs(402.9 ±35.7)U· mL-1],且UA 40 mg· kg -1· d-1干预组GSH-Px活性显著升高[(809.3 ± 58.4)vs(676.1 ±48.5)U· mL-1];UA(20、40 mg· kg-1· d-1)同步干预组大鼠血浆中CRP、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6含量较模型组均显著降低,且UA 40 mg· kg-1· d-1干预组IL-10含量显著升高[(37.6 ±4.9)vs(23.9 ±3.2)ng· L-1];UA同步干预组大鼠主动脉形态结构改变较模型组明显改善、病变评分显著降低,其中以UA 40 mg· kg-1· d-1干预组效果最为显著.结论UA可能通过抑制氧化应激损伤和炎性反应而对AS大鼠起到一定保护作用.     

乌司他丁对糖尿病脓毒症大鼠急性肾损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨乌司他丁(UTI)对糖尿病脓毒症大鼠肾损害的作用及其机制.方法 采用高脂饲料喂养+腹腔小剂量注射链脲佐菌素方法制备大鼠2型糖尿病模型,取造模成功的大鼠40只随机分为4组,每组10只:糖尿病组(D组)、糖尿病假手术组(S组)、糖尿病脓毒症组(DS组)、糖尿病脓毒症UTI预处理组(U组).另随机抽取同批次大鼠10只,作C组空白对照.采用盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)构建脓毒症模型.U组于CLP前1 h予尾静脉注射UTI 100 kU·kg-1.S组拉出盲肠至腹外放置1 min.于CLP术后12 h,检测各组大鼠肾组织病理情况,定量尿微量白蛋白(UMA),内生肌酐清除率(Ccr),血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)含量,血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平,以及肾组织低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)的蛋白表达水平.结果 与S组相比,DS组大鼠肾脏病理损害明显,UMA、IL-18、TNF-α、MDA、HIF-1α水平增高,Ccr和SOD活性降低(均P<0.05).DS组相比,U组大鼠肾脏病理损害减轻,UMA、IL-18、TNF-α、MDA含量、HIF-1α水平降低,Ccr和SOD活性增高(均P<0.05).结论 UTI可有效改善糖尿病脓毒症所致急性肾损伤大鼠的肾脏功能,其机制可能与抑制炎性反应、降低氧化应激、改善肾脏缺氧情况有关.     

P2 Y12受体拮抗剂对脓毒症大鼠血小板功能和急性肾损伤影响的实验研究

目的：观察血小板P2Y12受体拮抗剂氯吡格雷对脓毒症大鼠血小板功能和急性肾损伤（AKI）的影响。方法36只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组（NC组）、急性肾损伤组（AKI组）、氯吡格雷组（CL组）,每组12只。AKI组、CL组分别腹腔注射内毒素（LPS）10 mg·kg－1建模;CL组在LPS注射后立即给予氯吡格雷800 mg·kg－1灌胃;建模后3 h,测定各组血小板CD62P的阳性表达水平及血小板聚集率,并检测血肌酐、尿素氮、TNF-α和IL-6的水平,取肾组织HE染色进行病理组织学观察。结果 AKI组血小板CD62P的表达水平明显高于NC组（P＜0．05）,而CL组则明显低于AKI组（P＜0．05）。AKI组血小板聚集率明显高于NC组,CL组血小板聚集率较AKI组明显降低且低于NC组（P＜0．05）。AKI组、CL组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-6、血肌酐、尿素氮水平均高于NC组（P＜0．05）,而CL组上述指标均明显低于AKI组（P＜0．05）。AKI组大鼠肾组织病理损伤显著,CL组肾损伤程度较AKI组明显减轻。结论血小板参与AKI的发病机制,血小板P2Y12受体拮抗剂氯吡格雷可减轻内毒素诱导的肾组织的损伤,改善肾功能,其机制可能与抑制脓毒症大鼠血小板的过度活化和聚集,下调炎症因子的表达有关。     

乌头提取物对心衰大鼠抗氧化能力的研究

目的：探讨乌头提取物对心衰大鼠抗氧化能力,并明确乌头提取物治疗心衰的作用。方法选取90只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组,空白组30只,对照组30只及实验组30只。实验组和对照组采用腹主动脉缩窄法制作慢性心衰大鼠模型。造模成功后对照组给予注射地高辛20 mg· kg－1,连续干预28 d;实验组在对照组的基础上加用乌头提取物,灌胃0．04 mg· kg－1,干预28 d,空白组以等体积生理盐水尾静脉注射0．04 g· kg－1。干预结束后,对大鼠采用腹腔注射麻醉方法,取腹主动脉血离心后取上层血清,按试剂盒方法测定超氧化物歧化酶（ SOD）、丙二醛（ MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（ GSH）。结果造模结束后,实验组与对照组SOD、MDA与GSH水平明显低于空白组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。实验组与对照组SOD、MDA与GSH水平无明显差别,（ P＞0．05）;干预7 d及28 d后,与空白组相比,实验组与对照组SOD、MDA与GSH水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,与对照组相比,实验组SOD、MDA与GSH水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论向心衰大鼠体内注射乌头提取物,对提高心衰机体的抗氧化能力、改善心功能不全指导意义,值得临床推广。     

三氧化二砷治疗鸡卵蛋白诱导日本大耳白兔类风湿关节炎的初步观察

目的：探讨三氧化二砷对鸡卵蛋白诱导日本大耳白兔致类风湿关节炎模型的滑膜组织核因子NF-κB（p65）表达活性及血清中白细胞介素-1（IL-1）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平的影响。方法48只日本大耳白兔随机分为模型组、正常对照组、三氧化二砷低剂量组（1．0 mg·kg－1·d－1）、三氧化二砷中剂量组（2．0 mg·kg－1·d－1）、三氧化二砷高剂量组（4．0 mg ·kg－1·d－1）、醋酸泼尼松龙组（10 mg·d－1）,每组8只。成功建立卵蛋白诱导关节炎模型后,分别给药2周;采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测兔外周血中的 IL-1、TNF-α,免疫组化实验方法检测核因子（NF-κB）（p65）在各组动物模型中的表达情况。结果卵蛋白诱导法可以成功诱导兔的关节炎,模型组外周血中的 IL-1、TNF-α含量较正常对照组升高（P＜0．05）;三氧化二砷各剂量组兔的关节炎症状有不同程度改善,IL-1、TNF-α含量较模型组降低（P＜0．05）;免疫组化结果显示,模型组关节滑膜的NF-κB（p65）表达较正常组增强（P＜0．05）,而三氧化二砷各剂量组关节滑膜的NF-κB（p65）表达随砷剂剂量的增加表达减弱,但仍然强于正常对照组（P＜0．05）。结论三氧化二砷对实验性类风湿关节炎日本大耳白兔模型有治疗作用。其机制可能与抑制了滑膜细胞中NF-κB（p65）活性和表达,降低了炎性因子IL-1、TNF-α的水平有关。     

柚皮苷对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠的作用研究

目的:研究柚皮苷对实验性2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠的药理作用.方法:通过给予大鼠高脂饲料结合小剂量链脲菌素(30 mg·kg-1)制备T2DM模型.动物分为正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、柚皮苷高剂量组(400 mg·kg-1)和低剂量组(200 mg·kg-1),连续给药20 d,测定空腹血糖,糖耐量,空腹胰岛素、血脂、肝脏MDA含量及SOD的活力.结果:与糖尿病模型组比较,柚皮苷两剂量组的空腹血糖,空腹胰岛素,总胆固醇,三酰甘油和肝脏MDA含量均显著降低(P<0.05);体重减少得到缓解;肝脏SOD的活力显著提高(P<0.01).结论:柚皮苷可以纠正T2DM大鼠的糖代谢和脂质代谢紊乱,减轻胰岛素抵抗,增强机体抗氧化能力,对肝脏起到保护作用.     

白皮杉醇对糖尿病肾病大鼠ERK1/2通路及CTGF蛋白表达的影响

目的：探究白皮杉醇（PIC）对糖尿病肾病（DN）大鼠细胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK1/2）通路及其调控的结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）蛋白表达的影响。方法：取健康雄性SD大鼠,采用高脂高糖喂养+腹腔注射链脲霉素建立大鼠DN模型,并将造模成功的50只SD大鼠随机分为模型组（DN组）、PIC低（50 mg·kg^-1）、中（100 mg·kg^-1）、高（200 mg·kg^-1）剂量组,阳性对照组（厄贝沙坦25 mg·kg^-1）,每组10只;另取10只大鼠,正常饲养,作为正常对照组。各组均于造模成功后开始给药,PIC低、中、高剂量组及阳性对照组分别灌胃给予相应剂量的PIC及厄贝沙坦溶液,正常对照组和DN组灌胃给予10 mL·kg^-1生理盐水,各组大鼠连续给药4周,每天1次。给药期间观察大鼠饮食状况,于末次给药12 h后,称重、收集大鼠尿液,麻醉处死大鼠,取腹主动脉血和肾脏组织;用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）试剂盒检测血液肾功能指标血清肌酐（Scr）、血清尿素氮（BUN）、空腹血糖及尿液中24 h尿蛋白量及空腹血糖（FBG）含量;取肾脏组织,称重,并用苏木精-伊红染色法检测大鼠肾脏组织病理形态;用黄嘌呤氧化酶法、硫代巴比妥酸缩合法检测肾组织氧化指标超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量;用蛋白免疫印迹法（Western Blot）检测肾脏组织缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）、血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）、ERK1/2、CTGF蛋白相对表达水平。结果：与正常对照组相比,DN组大鼠精神萎靡、形体消瘦及肾小球基底膜增厚、肾小管扩张、肾间质炎性浸润等病理损伤严重,肾脏/体质指数、FBG、血清Scr和BUN、尿液中24 h尿蛋白量、肾脏组织中MDA含量、HIF-1α、HO-1、p-ERK1/2、CTGF蛋白表达升高（P<0.05）,SOD活性明显降低（P<0.05）;与DN组相比,PIC低、中、高剂量组及阳性对照组大鼠精神萎靡、形体消瘦及肾小球基底膜增厚、肾小管扩张、肾间质炎性浸润等病理损伤现象缓解,肾脏/体质指数、FBG、血清Scr和BUN、尿液中24 h尿蛋白量、肾脏组织中MDA含量、HIF-1α、p-ERK1/2、CTGF蛋白表达降低（P<0.05）,HO-1、SOD活性明显升高（P<0.05）,且PIC各剂量组上述指标呈剂量依赖性。阳性对照组上述指标变化与PIC组相比差异无统计学意义。结论：PIC可抑制ERK1/2-CTGF信号通路激活,升高HO-1表达、降低HIF-1α表达,抑制肾脏氧化应激损伤,改善DN大鼠肾脏损伤     

番茄红素对非酒精性脂肪肝模型大鼠肝细胞色素P_(450)2E1及肿瘤坏死因子-α表达的影响

目的:探讨番茄红素对非酒精性脂肪肝模型大鼠肝细胞色素P4502E1(CYP2E1)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达的影响。方法:将大鼠先分为正常对照(N)组和造模组,造模组以高脂饲料喂养8周后建立脂肪肝模型,造模成功后再分为模型对照(M)组(高脂饲料),番茄红素低(L)、高剂量(H)组(普通饲料,番茄红素10、20mg·kg-1)、自然恢复(NR)组(普通饲料)连续饲养4周,每组10只。处死大鼠观察肝组织病理学变化情况,检测肝组织中CYP2E1、TNF-α、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)的水平。结果:与M组比较,NR组、L组、H组大鼠肝组织病理学变化有所改善,其中L组和H组改善显著;与NR组比较,L组、H组大鼠肝组织中CYP2E1、TNF-α、MDA、FFA水平显著减少(P均<0.05),SOD水平显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:番茄红素能显著抑制脂肪肝模型大鼠CYP2E1和TNF-α的表达,减轻脂质过氧化反应,因而具有改善脂肪肝的作用。     

贝那普利和维生素E对糖尿病肾病大鼠氧化应激的影响

目的:观察贝那普利及维生素E对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠肾脏一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性、一氧化氮(NO),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及血清总抗氧化能力的影响,探讨两者在DN中的可能作用机制。方法:注射链佐脲菌素制作DN模型,分为4组,A组:正常对照组;B组:糖尿病肾痛模型组;C组:贝那普利治疗组;D组:贝那普利 维生素E治疗组。于第12周检测24h尿蛋白定量(TP)、血清胱蛋白酶抑制剂C(Cys C)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc),血清总抗氧化能力,肾组织NOS、NO、SOD、MDA含量。结果:与A组相比,B组TP、CysC、HbAlc、肾组织血糖、MDA明显升高(P<0.01),而血清总抗氧化能力,肾组织NO、NOS、SOD明显降低(P<0.01)。与B组相比,C组TP、CysC、HbAlc、肾组织血糖显著降低(P<0.01),MDA亦下降(P<0.05),而总抗氧化能力增强(P<0.05),SOD升高(P<0.01)。与C组相比,D组TP、肾组织血糖下降更加显著(P<0.01),MDA下降(P<0.05),而NO、NOS、SOD明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),总抗氧化能力增强(P<0.05)。结论:贝那普利能降低TP、HbAlc、肾组织血糖、MDA,增加NO、NOS、SOD,维生素E可增加血清总抗氧化能力,清除自由基而有肾保护作用。两者对治疗DN氧化应激有协同作用。     

罗格列酮对多柔比星所致肾病大鼠的保护作用及其抗氧化机制研究

目的:研究罗格列酮对多柔比星所致肾脏氧化应激损伤大鼠肾脏的保护作用并探讨其作用机制.方法:采用MTT法测定不同浓度的罗格列酮对多柔比星作用下细胞的增殖活性的影响.50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、多柔比星对照组和罗格列酮治疗组,大鼠尾静脉一次性注射多柔比星6.5 mg·kg-1制备多柔比星肾病模型.1周后,空白对照组每天蒸馏水灌胃,治疗组每天分别灌胃给予20、10和5mg·kg-1 罗格列酮,持续8周.8周后检测大鼠血清尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Scr)水平及肾组织各氧化指标,同时取肾组织标本观察病理学改变.结果:用罗格列酮孵育能够明显提高DOX作用下HEK29细胞存活率;与模型对照组相比,罗格列酮20 mg·kg-1组血清肌酐、尿素氮明显下降(P<0.05),肾组织中NO含量、NOS和SOD活性明显上升、MDA含量明显下降(P<0.05),肾组织病理损伤减轻.结论:罗格列酮能降低多柔比星所致大鼠肾脏氧化应激损伤,具有肾保护作用.     

柿叶水提物抗肿瘤作用实验研究

探讨柿叶水提物对H22荷瘤小鼠和S180荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用。方法：建立H22荷瘤小鼠和S180荷瘤小鼠移植瘤模型,观察分析柿叶水提物各组对荷瘤小鼠的生命延长率、抑瘤率、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）的影响。结果：柿叶水提物高、中、低剂量组及环磷酰胺组对H22荷瘤小鼠的生命延长率分别为34．05％,21．08％,5．95％,51．89％,对S180荷瘤小鼠的生命延长率分别为30．11％,17．74％,4．30％,45．16％。柿叶水提物高、中、低剂量组及环磷酰胺组的抑瘤率分别为42．08％,25．04％,23．95％,72．77％。柿叶水提物高剂量组的胸腺指数为（3．9±1．0）mg·g^-1,较氯化钠溶液组（3．0±1．1）mg·g^-1提高（P＜0．05）,柿叶水提物高剂量组的脾脏指数为（11．8±1．9）mg·g^-1,较氯化钠溶液组（9．2±1．6）mg·g^-1高（P＜0．05）。柿叶水提物高、中、低剂量组TNF-α数值分别为（1．94±0．20）,（1．89±0．54）,（1．32±0．18）ng·ml^-1,较氯化钠溶液组（1．18±2．0）ng·ml^-1高（P＜0．05）。柿叶水提物高、中、低剂量组SOD数值分别为（312．4±15．06）,（304．14-16．1）,（301．1±19．22）U·ml^-1,较氯化钠溶液组（278．1±11．02）U·ml^-1高（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）。柿叶水提物高、中、低剂量组MDA数值分别为（5．85±1．12）,（6．31±1．17）,（6．62±1．03）nmol·ml^-1,较氯化钠溶液组（7．26±0．62）nmol·ml^-1下降（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）。柿叶水提物高、中、低剂量组NO数值分别为（47．0±7．46）,（51．2±9．07）,（56．1±9．98）μmol·L^-1,较氯化钠溶液组（62．2±1．22）μmol·L^-1下降（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）。结论：柿叶水提物有一定的抗肿瘤作用,其作用机制可能与调节细胞因子TNF—α的?