高龄患者人工股骨头置换术后假体周围骨折1例

患者,女,87岁。3个月前因右侧股骨颈骨折行人工股骨头置换术,术后13d康复出院。2019年9月1日患者在家行走时不慎跌倒,当即感右大腿明显疼痛,但未引起重视,未到医院就诊。在家休息1 d后出现右大腿肿胀逐渐加重、畸形明显,遂入院行X线检查。X线片提示右股骨干假体周围骨折,见图1A。排除手术绝对禁忌证后,行假体周围骨折切开复位锁定钢板及钛缆环扎内固定+植骨术,见图1B。术后2.5个月随访,患者可在助行器辅助下试行走,右髋部及大腿无疼痛症状,右侧髋、膝关节活动度正常。     

骨硬化症并股骨颈骨折1例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨1例骨硬化症（osteosclerosis osteopetrosis, OP）并股骨颈骨折患儿的治疗经验。方法 2018年3月收治的1例7岁骨硬化症并右侧股骨颈骨折男患儿,2018年3月行闭合复位经皮入路空心螺钉固定术。结果 术后13个月患儿出现右髋部疼痛,X线片检查示右股骨颈骨折不愈合、髋内翻、螺钉松动退出。2019年4月再次行空心螺钉内固定取出,股骨转子下外翻截骨、儿童髋部解剖锁定钢板内固定治疗,目前仍在观察中。结论 儿童骨硬化症并股骨颈骨折治疗首选闭合复位经皮入路空心螺钉固定治疗,不能按照正常儿童股骨颈骨折术后处理,骨愈合慢甚至不愈合,容易出现髋内翻,如果出现不愈合、髋内翻,需要行股骨转子下外翻截骨内固定术。     

股骨内固定术后股动脉损伤一例

患者，男，21岁。车祸致右股骨骨折于某医院内固定后12天未出院。3天前，卧床上，因抬起臂部放置便盆时不慎，伤肢往后折了一下，即觉疼痛，并见旋转移位，逐渐肿胀，未予处理。于1995年2月9日，转我院，以“右股骨骨折内固定术后外旋移位”收入骨科。体查：面色苍白，痛苦面容，生命体征正常；右下肢石膏托固定，石青松软，膝及小腿外旋，大腿肿胀压病，皮温稍高，足背动脉较健侧弱，足趾活动及血运尚好；手术切口已愈合拆线。X线片提示：右股骨下段螺旋形骨折，远段外旅移位，骨端锐利，两支矩形钉逆行髓内固定，钉短，不达近段髓腔端，…     

股骨粗隆间骨折内固定术后并发股深动脉假性动脉瘤一例

目的总结1例股骨粗隆间骨折内固定术后并发股深动脉假性动脉瘤诊治体会。方法 2011年10月收治1例摔伤致右侧股骨粗隆间骨折的女性患者,年龄78岁。入院后采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)行骨折复位内固定术。术后第9天出现患侧大腿疼痛并逐渐加重,血红蛋白降低。第13天B超检查示右大腿前侧包块。急诊行右下肢超选择性血管造影术,示股深动脉第2穿支远端假性动脉瘤形成。用弹簧圈行第2穿支动脉栓塞术。结果栓塞术后患侧大腿疼痛明显减轻,肿胀逐渐消退,顺利出院。患者获随访2年,右股骨粗隆间骨折完全愈合,患侧髋关节功能Harris评分为优。结论股骨粗隆间骨折内固定术后如出现不明原因患侧大腿疼痛、肿胀、血红蛋白进行性下降等,应警惕假性动脉瘤的发生,行选择性血管造影术明确并选择相应治疗方法。     

股骨转子间骨折DHS固定期间发生股骨颈骨折一例报告

患者男,78岁,因右髋部摔伤于2006年10月12 日来我院就诊,诊断为右股骨转子间骨折,Evans Ⅱ型.2006年10月31日行DHS内固定术.术后正位X线片示骨折对线、对位良好,加压螺钉位于股骨颈中部偏下,螺钉顶端距股骨头软骨下骨板约18 mm(图1);侧位X线片示加压螺钉位于股骨颈中部偏后,螺钉长轴与股骨颈轴线夹角为20°(图2).术后l周行股四头肌功能锻炼,3个月扶拐下地活动,下地活动1周后无明显诱因再次出现右髋关节疼痛,且疼痛逐渐加重.2007年3月8 日及8月20日两次因右髋关节疼痛来院复诊.     

髋关节前脱位合并同侧股骨转子间骨折一例

1病例报告 患者男性,21岁.骑车跌伤致右髋疼痛、畸形、活动障碍2 h入院.伤时右髋部疼痛、活动受限并腹股沟部裂伤.查体:右下肢外展外旋,屈膝畸形,右腹股沟部顺腹股沟韧带裂伤15 cm×7 cm大小,深至肌层,精索外露挫伤肿胀.腹股沟部皮下可触及股骨头,伤肢无感觉障碍,足背动脉博动存在.摄X线片示:右髋关节前脱位,右股骨转子间骨折.急诊全麻下先清创缝合腹股沟伤口,经Watson-Jones 切口显露股骨转子,见骨折位于转子间,伴远、近折端冠状位裂折,股骨头突破关节囊及髂股韧带脱出于髋臼前上方.试行夹持近骨折端复位股骨头困难,且导致近骨折端裂块分离,遂上延切口能触及股骨颈上下缘后,直视下拧入DHS主钉将骨折复位固定成一个整体,手法整复脱位成功.术后摄X线片示复位固定满意(图1).     

肱骨上段骨折内固定失效一例

笔者于2010年9月收治肱骨上段骨折1例,内固定术后失效改锁定钢板固定,报告如下.1病例报告患者,男,20岁,因车祸致颅脑损伤昏迷,右上臂撕脱伤,右肱骨上段骨折伴右尺桡骨骨折,急诊行开颅+清创缝合+骨折内固定术(采用非锁定加压钢板),术后昏迷28 d,术后X线片示骨折复位及内固定满意,术后8个月复查见内固定失效,骨折移位(图1),查体有反常活动及疼痛,尺桡骨基本获骨性愈合,予以取出失效的钢板及螺钉,更换锁定钢板固定(图2)+自体松质骨移植.     

儿童股骨干骨折继发骨筋膜室综合征1例

<正>患儿,男,4岁,于2018年12月8日摔倒后出现右大腿畸形、疼痛、肿胀、活动受限,9 d后前往当地医院就诊。X线片提示:右股骨上段骨折。入院行双下肢悬吊牵引治疗3 d后,患儿突发右下肢剧烈疼痛,查体见肢端肿胀加重、局部张力高,未触及足背动脉及胫后动脉明显搏动,肢端血运差、感觉麻木。当地医生考虑骨筋膜室综合征,急诊,全身麻醉下行右小腿骨筋膜室切开减压+创面负压封闭引流(VSD)+右股骨髁上骨牵引术,术后患肢远肢端血运恢复良好,但足部感觉未恢复。病情好转后行右小腿创     

临床病例讨论——股骨颈骨折术后股骨头缺血坏死

病历摘要 患者,男性,13岁,因"机动车撞伤致右髋部疼痛1 h"于2007年4月30日至本院骨科就诊.急诊查体:患者痛苦面容,右侧髋关节和膝关节轻度屈曲,右下肢轻度外旋,局部无明显肿胀,右侧腹股沟韧带中点压痛明显,右髋关节主动运动丧失,被动活动疼痛加重,触诊检查大转子,大转子位于髂-坐骨结节连线之上,大转子与髂前上棘之间的距离右侧较左侧短缩约1.5 cm.急诊摄双侧股骨上段正位X线片示右侧股骨颈基底骨折(Garden Ⅳ型),移位明显(图1).急诊诊断:右侧股骨颈基底骨折.收治入院后,经完善术前常规检查,在与患者家属讨论治疗方案后,即日在硬膜外麻醉下急诊行"右侧股骨颈骨折闭合复位3枚空心钉固定术".     

石骨症并右股骨中1/3三次骨折1例

患者女,9岁,3岁时跌倒致右股骨干中1/3骨折,行悬吊牵引,石膏外固定,2个月后行走正常,功能良好;7岁时被弟弟推倒致伤,在我院诊断为石骨症并右股骨中1/3骨折,经牵引外固定,2个月后轻度跛行。于1996年3月滑倒致右大腿畸形,功能障碍,摄X线片后以“石骨症并右股骨中1/3病理性骨折”收入院。查体:神清,鸡胸,右大腿肿胀,畸形,异常活动。B超:肝脾不大,X线片:骨骼密度普遍增高,髓腔消失,右股骨中1/3横形骨折。伤后第3d行切开复位,钢板内固定术,术中见骨折断端无骨髓腔,均为坚硬致密骨组织。病理报告:“符合石骨症诊断”。3个月后复查,骨折愈合良好。     

Talar body fracture combined with bimalleolar fracture

The incidence of talar fractures is relatively low affecting usually young patients, while recent epidemiological studies have shown that talar body fractures represent a significant proportion of the total number of talar fractures. Talar body fractures are usually high-energy injuries and often a combined talar neck and body fracture is noted. An association between talar body fractures and ankle fractures has also been recorded involving the medial or lateral malleolus. The only report of a talar fracture combined with a bimalleolar ankle fracture that was found in the literature is referred to a talar neck fracture. In this report, a combination of a talar body fracture and bimalleolar ankle fracture in a polytraumatised young patient is presented. This combined injury pattern seems to be very rare, since a similar case was not found in the literature. An open reduction and internal fixation of the talar body fracture as well as the bimalleolar fracture, followed by a prolonged non-weight bearing, led to a fracture healing with no evidence of osteonecrosis. Minimal osteoarthritic changes of the tibiotalar joint were noted at 3 years follow-up with satisfactory functional results.     

伴有Tillaux-Chaput骨折块的成人踝关节骨折的手术治疗

目的 :探讨手术治疗伴有Tillaux-Chaput骨折块的成人踝关节骨折的临床疗效。方法:2014年1月至2018年12月采用手术治疗15例伴有Tillaux-Chaput骨折块的成人踝关节骨折患者,其中男9例,女6例;年龄27～67(45.6±14.3)岁;左侧8例,右侧7例。观察患者骨折愈合及并发症情况,采用美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝与后足评分标准评价踝关节功能恢复情况。结果:15例患者均获随访,时间18～70(38.1±9.9)个月。所有切口Ⅰ期愈合。X线片复查示骨折愈合良好,无内固定物松动、断裂等并发症发生。2例患者有腓浅神经损伤症状,经营养神经治疗后逐步恢复;3例患者踝关节屈伸活动轻度受限。末次随访AOFAS评分(85.6±7.9)分,其中优9例,良4例,可2例。结论 :齿状钢板固定Tillaux-Chaput骨折块,操作方便,固定牢靠,有利于踝关节功能恢复。下胫腓联合无须常规使用螺钉固定。     

手术治疗胫骨中下段骨折合并后踝骨折

正2011年1月~2014年1月,我科手术治疗20例胫骨中下段骨折合并后踝骨折患者,效果满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组20例,男14例,女6例,年龄20~65岁。左下肢8例,右下肢12例。致伤原因:摔伤10例,扭伤4例,车祸伤6例。螺旋形骨折15     

三踝骨折的手术治疗

2001年1月~2005年3月,笔者收治31例三踝骨折患者,均进行了手术治疗,疗效满意。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组31例,男21例,女10例,年龄18~40岁。右侧18例,左侧13例。所有病例均为新鲜骨折且骨折移位明显。按Weber的AO分型,B型19例,C型12例。1.2治疗方法硬膜外麻醉。如骨折片位于胫     

三踝骨折手术治疗体会

正2010年4月~2012年4月,我们手术治疗35例三踝骨折患者,效果满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组35例,男23例,女12例,年龄20~58岁。骨折按Lauge-Hansen分型:旋后外旋型16例,旋后内收型4例,旋前外展型7例,旋前外旋型8例。均为新鲜闭合骨折。待肿胀消退后手术,伤后至手术时间5~     

An unusual stress fracture: Bilateral posterior longitudinal stress fracture of tibia

INTRODUCTION

Stress fractures (SF) occur when healthy bone is subjected to cyclic loading, which the normal carrying range capacity is exceeded. Usually, stress fractures occur at the metatarsal bones, calcaneus, proximal or distal tibia and tends to be unilateral.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

This article presents a 58-year-old male patient with bilateral posterior longitudinal tibial stress fractures. A 58 years old male suffering for persistent left calf pain and decreased walking distance for last one month and after imaging studies posterior longitudinal tibial stress fracture was detected on his left tibia. After six months the patient was admitted to our clinic with the same type of complaints in his right leg. All imaging modalities and blood counts were performed and as a result longitudinal posterior tibial stress fractures were detected on his right tibia.

DISCUSSION

Treatment of tibial stress fracture includes rest and modified activity, followed by a graded return to activity commensurate with bony healing. We have applied the same treatment protocol and our results were acceptable but our follow up time short for this reason our study is restricted for separate stress fractures of the posterior tibia.

CONCLUSION

Although the main localization of tibial stress fractures were unilateral, anterior and transverse pattern, rarely, like in our case, the unusual bilateral posterior localization and longitudinal pattern can be seen.     

Old nutcracker fracture of cuboid

Nutcracker fractures of the cuboid (compressed) are rare and often missed at an initial visit. We report a 21-year-old patient presented with a 9 months old cuboid fracture. He presented with a localized pain around his left foot. Radiograph revealed the shortening of the lateral column with old cuboid fracture. The lateral column of foot was reconstructed. The patient remained symptom-free and no radiographic evidence of recurrence was observed 1 year postsurgery.     

Segmental fracture of the scaphoid: report of a rare fracture pattern

Introduction:To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports in the orthopaedic and trauma literature of true segmental fracture of the scaphoid bone. We present such a case with a brief discussion of the morphology and mechanisms of injury of scaphoid fractures and the problems they present, particularly in diagnosis. Case history: A 43-year-old male with polytrauma sustained in a motorcycle road traffic accident was treated at our hospital. His injuries included a fracture initially thought to involve the waist of the scaphoid. Because he had bilateral upper limb injuries, we elected to treat the fracture surgically to facilitate rehabilitation. At the time of surgery, the fracture was noted to be truly segmental, an unsuspected and rare finding. The fracture was internally fixed, with a satisfactory result. Discussion: Scaphoid fracture patterns are generally consistent and predictable, occurring most commonly through the waist of the bone. Mechanism for injury is thought to be hyperextension of the wrist. Comminution, with or without a butterfly fragment, is occasionally seen, as are simultaneous tuberosity fractures. We suggest that the mechanism in this case may have been multiple or secondary trauma, or an effect of loaded rotation. We highlight the need for careful imaging of the scaphoid bone prior to choosing treatment.     

Pilon骨折合并同侧跟骨骨折1例

患者,男,69岁,2 d前从约2 m高处坠落,左足着地后出现左下肢畸形、肿胀,于2019年4月26日入我院治疗。判断患者生命体征平稳后,摄左胫腓骨DR片显示左Pilon骨折及左跟骨骨折(图1A);CT检查显示骨折类型为左Pilon骨折,AO分型C2型,左跟骨骨折SandersⅣ型(图1B)。入院后给予左距骨骨牵引以保持左下肢稳定及力线,同时积极给予脱水消肿。13 d后肿胀消退及左下肢力线、皮肤软组织条件等均良好,行左Pilon骨折及左跟骨骨折切开复位内固定术。术后摄左踝关节DR片复查显示骨折对位对线良好,内固定在位(图1C)。出院后患者定期门诊复查,行临床及影像学评估。术后2个月,患者左下肢无负重、后部分负重到完全负重。术后3个月骨折愈合尚可,AOFAS踝-后足功能评分85分,患者的踝关节运动功能基本正常。     

Epidemiology of dancers fracture

BackgroundDancer’s fracture is a spiral, oblique fracture of the diaphysis of the fifth metatarsal. Although it is a well-known fracture in high performance athletes, it is less studied in a general population. The article investigates the epidemiology within an adult population consulting a regional trauma and orthopedic center in the United Kingdom.MethodsStudy population included all patients older than 16 years presenting with a dancer’s fracture. Recorded data were age, sex, side and energy of trauma mechanism, applied treatment and time of healing.ResultsOf all fifth metatarsal fractures, 25% was found to have a dancer’s fracture. About 80% were women, and about 80% was older than 40 years. In the +40 y age group, all patients had a low energy trauma mechanism, where in the −40y age group this was only 27%. All patients were treated conservatively and no correlation was found between type of treatment (walker boot, stiff soled shoe) and time of healing. The time of healing was similar in both age groups and in general 1 out of 3 patients needed longer than 6 weeks to heal.ConclusionThere is an increased incidence of dancer’s fracture observed in the female general population +40y age. A strong correlation was found between the +40y age group and low-energy trauma mechanism. This shows the importance of treating dancer’s fracture as a fragility fracture.Level of evidenceRetrospective cohort study: level 3.