正多杆变隙式油葵脱粒装置设计与试验

目前已有的油葵脱粒装置无法适用不同条件下的油葵脱粒需求,该文针对油葵在脱粒过程中油葵脱净率较低、籽粒破损率较高等问题,设计了一种基于多杆机构的变隙式油葵脱粒装置。重点介绍了变隙式油葵脱粒装置的结构及工作原理,并对变隙式凹板筛结构的间隙调节机构与角度调节机构进行运动学分析、通过运动轨迹分析和求解,确定了变隙式凹板筛可变间隙为20～60 mm。试制了变隙式油葵脱粒装置试验台,以滚筒转速、脱粒间隙、喂入量作为试验因素,以脱净率、破损率为指标开展正交试验,确定较优作业参数组合。试验结果表明:在脱粒过程中,影响油葵脱净率和籽粒破损率的因素主次顺序为脱粒间隙、滚筒转速、喂入量,较优作业参数组合为脱粒间隙35 mm、滚筒转速280 r/min、喂入量1.8 kg/s。在较优作业参数组合下进行重复试验验证,结果表明,油葵的平均脱净率为99.01%,籽粒破损率为2.28%,满足油葵脱粒作业需求。该研究的较优作业参数适用于该文试验的物料条件,实际作业中需调整脱粒凹板筛的直径大小,进而改变脱粒间隙等工作参数以适应不同条件下的油葵脱粒需求。研究结果可为后续油葵脱粒装置的设计提供参考。     

稻麦联合收获机分段式脱粒装置设计与优化

针对纵轴流联合收获机在收获稻麦时出现的脱粒不彻底、分离不完全等问题,该研究设计了一种分段式纵轴流脱粒分离装置。该装置主要由锥形脱粒滚筒、脱粒强度可调式凹板筛、360°分离式凹板筛、作业参数电控调节系统等构成。通过单因素试验,分别获得了脱粒强度可调式凹板筛的开关板针对小麦和水稻脱粒的最佳开关状态。为寻求装置作业参数对脱粒效果的影响规律及最优参数组合,进行了多目标优化试验。以滚筒转速、导流板角度、凹板筛脱粒间隙、凹板筛分离间隙及喂入量作为影响因素,以破碎率、损失率、脱出物含杂率为试验指标,建立了破碎率、损失率、脱出物含杂率的数学模型。试验结果表明:各因素对破碎率影响的显著性大小顺序为滚筒转速、凹板筛脱粒间隙、导流板角度、喂入量、凹板筛分离间隙;对脱出物含杂率影响的显著性大小顺序为滚筒转速、导流板角度、凹板筛脱粒间隙、喂入量、凹板筛分离间隙;对损失率影响的显著性大小顺序为滚筒转速、导流板角度、凹板筛脱粒间隙、喂入量、凹板筛分离间隙。通过多目标参数优化分析,确定装置进行小麦脱粒的最优作业参数组合为脱粒滚筒转速905 r/min、导流板角度69°、凹板筛脱粒间隙18 mm、凹板筛分离间隙19 mm、喂入量4 kg/s。在该参数组合条件下进行了田间验证试验,结果表明,与常规纵轴流脱粒装置相比,整机作业破碎率由1.46%降为1.00%,含杂率由1.85%降为1.43%,损失率由1.72%降为1.20%,各指标实测值与模型优化值的相对误差均小于5%,满足国家相关标准要求。该装置有效解决了破碎率高、脱粒不干净、分离不彻底的问题,研究结果可为纵轴流联合收获机脱粒装置的结构改进和作业参数优化提供参考和依据。     

轴流螺旋滚筒式食用向日葵脱粒装置设计与试验

针对食葵脱粒过程中籽粒表皮划伤严重及未脱净率高等问题,该研究设计了一种轴流螺旋滚筒式食葵脱粒装置。脱粒元件为外径32 mm的螺旋管,对物料在脱粒空间的运移过程进行运动学与动力学分析,确定脱粒元件螺旋管螺旋升角为63°,螺距为2 800 mm。以葵花3638为对象进行台架试验,通过单因素试验探索喂入量、滚筒转速及脱粒间隙对籽粒未脱净率和破损率的影响,根据单因素试验结果,以喂入量、滚筒转速、脱粒间隙为影响因素,未脱净率和破损率为响应指标,进行二次回归正交旋转组合试验,利用Design-Expert软件建立响应指标与影响因素之间的数学模型,基于响应面法进行参数优化,获得脱粒装置在喂入量1.4 kg/s,滚筒转速300 r/min,脱粒间隙35 mm的参数组合下脱粒效果较好,此时未脱净率为0.55%,破损率1.76%。以优化参数组合进行验证试验,结果表明,未脱净率为0.59%、破损率为1.77%,与模型预测值的相对误差均小于5%。该装置未脱净率与破损率均低于现有向日葵脱粒机,满足向日葵机械化收获标准。该研究为食葵机械化收获装备的研制提供理论参考。     

纹杆块与钉齿组合式轴流玉米脱粒滚筒的设计与试验

为解决黄淮海地区玉米直接进行籽粒收获破碎率和未脱净率高的问题,该文在分析现有脱粒滚筒结构特点的基础上,设计了组合式轴流玉米脱粒滚筒,选取滚筒转速、滚筒倾角和凹板间隙为试验因素,在自制的玉米脱粒试验台上进行了单因素试验和正交试验,并运用SAS统计分析软件对试验结果进行了分析。单因素试验结果表明:随着滚筒转速的增大,籽粒破碎率先降低后升高,未脱净率则急剧减小并趋于稳定;随着滚筒倾角的增大,籽粒破碎率和未脱净率则逐渐变小;随着凹板间隙的增大,籽粒破碎率先降低后升高,未脱净率先升高后降低并趋于稳定。正交试验结果表明:影响籽粒破碎率和未脱净率的主次因素顺序均为滚筒转速、滚筒倾角、凹板间隙,且转速430 r/min、滚筒倾角6?和凹板间隙55 mm时籽粒破碎率和未脱净率均最低。该研究可为高含水率玉米脱粒滚筒的设计提供参考。     

基于人工击打脱粒原理的食葵脱粒装置设计与试验

针对食葵脱粒作业缺少专用机械装备、籽粒破损率高等问题,该研究基于人工击打脱粒原理,设计了一种食葵脱粒装置,脱粒时食葵盘面朝下模拟翻盘动作,锤杆被脱粒弹簧向上推动完成击打脱粒作业,借助输送带差速设计完成转盘作业。首先根据食葵盘及籽粒的物理特性,对脱粒部分及输送机构的结构参数进行设计和优化;再通过理论分析确定了影响未脱净率、破损率的关键因素。并试制了食葵脱粒装置试验台,以击打频率、脱粒通道间隙、弹簧压缩量为试验因素,以未脱净率、破损率为试验指标开展正交试验,确定了较优工作参数组合。结果表明：脱粒过程中,影响食葵盘未脱净率、籽粒破损率的因素主次顺序为击打频率、脱粒通道间隙、弹簧压缩量,较优工作参数组合为击打频率44次/min、脱粒通道间隙78 mm、弹簧压缩量25 mm,在较优参数组合下进行重复验证试验,结果表明,食葵未脱净率、籽粒破损率分别为8.12%、0.65%。研究结果可为食葵机械脱粒装备的研制提供参考。     

油菜联合收获机种子籽粒脱粒装置结构及运行参数优化

为探究油菜联合收获机脱粒系统对油菜籽粒的收获效果,寻求较优的脱粒装置结构及运行参数,以喂入量、脱粒滚筒间隙、脱粒滚筒转速和脱粒元件型式种类为影响因素,油菜种子籽粒发芽率、脱粒损失为评价指标,开展油菜联合收获脱粒试验、发芽率试验及无损伤籽粒发芽率对比试验,探究了联合收获油菜籽粒的脱粒损伤机理。结果表明:影响油菜种子籽粒脱粒损伤的主次因素依次为脱粒元件型式、脱粒滚筒间隙、脱粒滚筒转速、喂入量;所选因素水平下,综合考虑脱粒损伤及损失,采用喂入量3.2 kg/s、脱粒滚筒间隙9 mm、脱粒滚筒转速856 r/min、全钉齿时为较优组合。分析表明:联合收获脱粒会对油菜种子籽粒造成损伤,影响脱粒损伤的直接因素为种子籽粒在滚筒内受打击次数及打击力大小;通过调整脱粒系统结构及运行参数,能够显著降低油菜的脱粒损伤及损失,本文为脱粒装置结构及运行参数的优化提供参考。     

大豆联合收获机对称可调式凹板筛设计与试验

针对传统大豆联合收获机脱粒间隙调整方法单一、田间作业时工作参数与作物适应性差,导致大豆破碎率、未脱净率和夹带损失率较高的问题,该研究设计了一种对称可调式凹板筛,实现双侧脱粒间隙可调,并对其间隙调整量进行了确定.以大豆联合收获机的前进速度、滚筒转速、脱粒段脱粒间隙、分离段脱粒间隙为影响因素,以大豆破碎率、未脱净率和夹带损...     

油菜多滚筒脱粒分离装置的性能试验与分析

为了获取适合联合收获机多滚筒油菜脱粒分离装置的结构方式和工作参数,该文在自行研制的多滚筒脱粒分离装置试验台上进行不同喂入量、不同滚筒转速、不同脱粒凹板间隙和不同脱粒齿杆时的切轴流滚筒与横轴流滚筒组合式双滚筒脱粒分离装置（简称切轴双滚筒脱粒分离装置）与切轴流滚筒与双横轴流滚筒组合式3滚筒脱粒分离装置（简称切轴轴3滚筒脱粒分离装置）的脱粒分离性能对比试验。试验结果表明：采用切轴轴3滚筒脱粒分离装置,在喂入量为1.8 kg/s,切轴流滚筒、第Ⅰ横轴流滚筒、第Ⅱ横轴流滚筒的转速依次为800、850和900 r/min、凹板间隙依次为20、25和30 mm、脱粒齿杆均为3排钉齿的组合方案为脱粒分离装置的脱粒损失率最小的最优组合;通过正交试验分析,得出喂入量和滚筒转速是影响脱粒分离装置脱粒损失率的主要因素。研究结果可为研制多滚筒油菜联合收获机提供参考。     

纵轴流脱粒装置水稻最佳脱粒分离参数预测与控制

在水稻脱粒过程中,脱粒滚筒的转速、凹板间隙、齿间距等是脱粒籽粒损失率和脱粒功耗的重要影响因素。为获得水稻联合收割机上纵轴流脱粒滚筒的最佳脱粒参数组合及可控范围,在自行研制的切纵流脱粒分离试验台上开展了水稻脱粒分离性能试验研究。对纵轴流滚筒在不同脱粒滚筒转速、凹板间隙、齿间距参数组合下进行水稻脱粒性能台架试验研究,并对试验结果进行回归分析和置信度分析。将获得的最佳操作参数置信区间用于控制纵轴流滚筒的水稻脱粒性能并预测其最优参数组合,同时进行了验证。结果表明,为将纵轴流脱粒滚筒的总损失率控制在0.33%以内且将脱粒功耗控制在46.36 kW以内,则具有95%置信度的纵轴流滚筒转速为772.61～905.74 r/min、脱粒间隙为22.18～37.93mm、齿间距为104.96～170.17 mm,其相应的纵轴流滚筒最佳转速为839 r/min、凹板间隙为30 mm、齿间距为138 mm。该研究对于降低纵轴流滚筒的脱粒功耗和籽粒损失具有重要意义,同时可为水稻联合收割机纵轴流脱粒滚筒最佳结构及参数设计提供参考。     

纵轴流脱粒装置水稻最佳脱粒分离参数预测与控制（英文）

在水稻脱粒过程中,脱粒滚筒的转速、凹板间隙、齿间距等是脱粒籽粒损失率和脱粒功耗的重要影响因素。为获得水稻联合收割机上纵轴流脱粒滚筒的最佳脱粒参数组合及可控范围,在自行研制的切纵流脱粒分离试验台上开展了水稻脱粒分离性能试验研究。对纵轴流滚筒在不同脱粒滚筒转速、凹板间隙、齿间距参数组合下进行水稻脱粒性能台架试验研究,并对试验结果进行回归分析和置信度分析。将获得的最佳操作参数置信区间用于控制纵轴流滚筒的水稻脱粒性能并预测其最优参数组合,同时进行了验证。结果表明,为将纵轴流脱粒滚筒的总损失率控制在0.33%以内且将脱粒功耗控制在46.36 k W以内,则具有95%置信度的纵轴流滚筒转速为772.61~905.74 r/min、脱粒间隙为22.18~37.93mm、齿间距为104.96~170.17 mm,其相应的纵轴流滚筒最佳转速为839r/min、凹板间隙为30 mm、齿间距为138 mm。该研究对于降低纵轴流滚筒的脱粒功耗和籽粒损失具有重要意义,同时可为水稻联合收割机纵轴流脱粒滚筒最佳结构及参数设计提供参考。     

低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。     

Biodiversity and ecogeography of wild Lactuca spp. in some European countries

Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions.     

Pasture Vegetation Elemental Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.     

Properties of anaerobically digested and composted municipal solid waste assessed by linking soil mesofauna dynamics and nitrogen modelling

We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass, soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration, N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially (<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils, indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea.     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass

The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.