中国南方汉族人群HLA-DPA1、-DPB1及-DQA1基因多态性的研究

目的调查中国南方汉族人群HLA-DPA1、-DPB1和-DQA1等位基因多态性。方法 2017年6月-12月应用PCR-SBT测序分型法对1 000名健康无血缘关系的南方汉族人群外周血样(于2016年8月-2017年5月收集)进行HLA-DPA1、-DPB1和-DQA1基因测序分型。HLA-DPA1和-DPB1基因采用自行设计的引物同步扩增检测第2、3外显子,HLA-DQA1检测第1～4外显子。电泳序列导入uTYPE 7.2 HLA分析软件判定基因型。采用直接计数法计算等位基因的分布频率。结果在1 000人份南方汉族无关个体HLA-DPA1、-DPB1和-DQA1测序分型所获的序列中,无背景信号和杂峰。共检出6种HLA-DPA1等位基因,频率由高到低依次为DPA1~*02∶02 (0.541)>DPA1~*01∶03 (0.340)>DPA1~*02∶01 (0.095)>DPA1~*04∶01 (0.021)>DPA1~*02∶07 (0.003)>DPA1~*01∶04 (0.002);共检出HLA-DPB1等位基因33种,频率较高的前4种等位基因依次为DPB1~*05∶01(0.401)、DPB1~*02∶01(0.165)、DPB1~*04∶01(0.085)、DPB1~*02∶02(0.071);共检出19种HLA-DQA1等位基因,频率较高的前4种等位基因依次为DQA1~*01∶02(0.196)、DQA1~*03∶02(0.144)、DQA1~*01∶03(0.087)和DQA1~*06∶01(0.085)。结论本文获得了南方汉族人群HLA-DPA1、-DPB1和-DQA1基因多态性数据,可为人类学、群体遗传学、疾病关联研究等提供重要参考数据。     

中国汉族人群鼻咽癌患者HLA-DQB1等位基因多态性分析★

背景:目前开展HLA-DQB1基因与鼻咽癌疾病相关性研究一方面受昂贵的进口试剂所制约,另一方面单纯做HLA-DQB1第2外测序分型,模棱两可,结果较少。目的:采用HLA-DQB1基因第2至第3外显子双向测序分型检测技术方法。方法:纳入286份中国汉族健康人群血液样本,46例鼻咽癌患者样本,使用Gentra DNA提取试剂制备基因组DNA,取100份健康人群样本作为平行对照组进行基因分型,选择及自行设计HLA-DQB1基因第2至3外显子扩增引物及测序引物,探索最适合PCR扩增及测序反应条件。采用商品化HLA-DQB1基因单向测序分型试剂盒作对照。结果与结论:100份平行对照组样本与HLA-SBT测序分型结果一致。286例健康个体中共检出13种等位基因,27例样本的等位基因为纯合子。鼻咽癌人群共检出DQB1等位基因11种,5例样本的等位基因为纯合子。鼻咽癌患者DQB1*02等位基因频率高于对照组,但所有等位基因频率比较,差异无显著性意义(χ2<3.84,P>0.05)。未发现HLA-DQB1基因与鼻咽癌有相关性。说明采用的中国汉族人群HLA-DQB1基因测序分型方法具有操作方便、结果稳定和低成本消耗等优势。     

广东籍鼻咽癌患者与HLA等位基因相关性研究

目的 探讨广东籍鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC)患者的人类白细胞抗原(Human leukocyte antigen,HLA)-A、B和DRB1等位基因多态性与鼻咽癌之间关系.方法 采用聚合酶链反应测序分型法(polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing,PCR-SBT),对35例广东籍NPC患者和119例健康对照的HLA-A、B、DRB1位点的等位基因进行序列分型及基因多态性分析.结果 HLA-A*26:01(0.0857 vs 0.0210,P＜0.05,OR=4.72)、HLA-B*40∶01(0.2571 vs 0.1639,P＜0.05,OR=2.17)和B*46∶01(0.2857 vs 0.1639,P＜0.05,OR=2.74)基因频率在NPC组显著高于正常对照组.HLA-A*11∶01(0.2143 vs 0.3193,P＜0.05,OR=0.42)和HLA-DRB1*03∶01(0 vs 0.0588,P＜0.05,OR=0)基因频率在NPC组低于正常对照组.结论 HLA-A*26∶01,B*40∶01和B*46∶01等位基因可能与广东籍人群患NPC的机会呈正相关性,HLA-A*11∶01等位基因与NPC有负相关性.     

中国汉族人群鼻咽癌患者HLA-DQB1等位基因多态性分析

背景：目前开展HLA-DQB1基因与鼻咽癌疾病相关性研究一方面受昂贵的进口试剂所制约,另一方面单纯做HLA-DQB1第2外测序分型,模棱两可,结果较少。目的：采用HLA-DQB1基因第2至第3外显子双向测序分型检测技术方法。方法：纳入286份中国汉族健康人群血液样本,46例鼻咽癌患者样本,使用Gentra DNA提取试剂制备基因组DNA,取100份健康人群样本作为平行对照组进行基因分型,选择及自行设计HLA-DQB1基因第2至3外显子扩增引物及测序引物,探索最适合PCR扩增及测序反应条件。采用商品化HLA-DQB1基因单向测序分型试剂盒作对照。结果与结论：100份平行对照组样本与HLA-SBT测序分型结果一致。286例健康个体中共检出13种等位基因,27例样本的等位基因为纯合子。鼻咽癌人群共检出DQB1等位基因11种,5例样本的等位基因为纯合子。鼻咽癌患者DQB1＊02等位基因频率高于对照组,但所有等位基因频率比较,差异无显著性意义（χ2〈3.84,P〉0.05）。未发现HLA-DQB1基因与鼻咽癌有相关性。说明采用的中国汉族人群HLA-DQB1基因测序分型方法具有操作方便、结果稳定和低成本消耗等优势。     

南方汉族人群HLA-E基因测序分型及其分子遗传多态性研究

目的研究南方汉族人群HLA-E基因的分子遗传多态性。方法随机选择150人份南方汉族健康无关个体,采用1对PCR引物特异性扩增HLA-E基因第1-5外显子目的序列,纯化后的PCR扩增产物作为测序模板,对HLA-E基因的第2、3、4外显子进行双向测序,测序反应产物纯化后经ABI3730测序仪电泳,用Assign 3.5 SBT软件分析结果。结果所检测的150例标本均扩增出清晰的目的条带,对HLA-E基因外显子2-4进行双向测序,所获得的序列无背景信号和杂峰。检出了2种HLA-E等位基因,其中HLA-E*01∶01等位基因频率为0.42,HLA-E*01∶03等位基因频率为0.58。3种HLA-E基因型频率的分布符合Hardy-weinberg平衡定律。结论本文所获得了南方汉族人群HLA-E基因分子遗传多态性等基础数据,可为HLA-E的疾病关联研究、临床移植等提供重要参考。     

HLA-DRB1,-DQB1,-DPB1等位基因及单体型多态性与北方汉族急性髓系白血病(非M_3型)的关联性研究

目的探讨HLAⅡ类(-DRB1,-DQB1,-DPB1)等位基因及单体型多态性与北方汉族急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia, AML)的易感相关性。方法以824名正常非亲缘造血干细胞捐献者(2016年1月—2019年9月)为对照,应用聚合酶链反应-测序分型(PCR-SBT)、下一代测序(NGS-ION S5~(TM))技术、基于LABScan~? 3D平台的聚合酶链反应-序列特异寡核苷酸探针技术(PCR-SSO)等方法对308例AML(非M_3型)患者进行HLAⅡ类(-DRB1,-DQB1,-DPB1)基因高分辨分型,用Arlequin 3.5.2.2软件计算HLA基因频率和单体型频率,计算疾病优势比(odds ratio,OR)进行病例对照研究。结果经χ~2检验、连续校正显示非M_3型AML患者的HLA-DRB1~*07∶01(14.61%vs 9.53%,P0.01)、HLA-DQB1~*02∶02(12.82%vs 8.31%,P0.01)、HLA-DQB1~*06∶02(11.53%vs 8.74%,P0.05)和HLA-DPB1~*17∶01(5.84%vs 3.16%,P0.01)基因频率显著高于对照组,经Bonferroni校正后HLA-DRB1~*07∶01(Pc0.05)、HLA-DQB1~*02∶02(Pc0.05)和HLA-DPB1~*17∶01(Pc0.05)频率仍高于对照组,与AML呈强相关,OR分别为1.62(95%CI=1.23～2.14)、1.62(95%CI=1.21～2.18)和1.91(95%CI=1.23～2.94);AML患者的2座位单体型HLA-DRB1~*07∶01-DQB1~*02∶02频率经Bonferroni校正后仍高于对照组(12.66%vs 8.19%,Pc0.05);3座位单体型HLA-DRB1~*07∶01-DQB1~*02∶02-DPB1~*17∶01频率高于对照组,与AML呈强相关,是AML的易感单体型。结论本研究首次获得HLAⅡ(-DRB1,-DQB1,-DPB1)基因及单体型多态性与北方汉族AML相关性的资料,HLA-DRB1~*07∶01、HLA-DQB1~*02∶02、HLA-DPB1~*17∶01及单体型HLA-DRB1~*07∶01-DQB1~*02∶02-DPB1~*17∶01是北方汉族发生AML的风险基因及易感单体型,基于HLA单体型的风险预测可能比基于单个等位基因的风险计算更为精确。     

1914名河北地区汉族人群HLA-DQB1基因多态性分析

目的探讨河北汉族人群人类白细胞抗原-DQB1(HLA-DQB1)基因型遗传特性。方法对1914名河北地区汉族人群献血者采用聚合酶链反应-基于测序的分型技术(PCR-SBT)进行HLA-DQB1位点高分辨基因分型,采用直接计数法计算等位基因频率,并与中国其他地区人群基因频率进行比较。结果 1914名河北汉族献血者中共检出21个HLADQB1等位基因,其中频率大于0.0500的常见等位基因共6个,分别为DQB1*03∶01、DQB1*03∶03、DQB1*06∶02、DQB1*02∶02、DQB1*06∶01和DQB1*05∶01。结论河北地区汉族人群DQB1具有丰富的多态性,基因分布有明显的地区特性,了解河北汉族人群HLA-DQB1的分布状况,有利于帮助临床寻找HLA匹配的造血干细胞无关供者,同时为我国人群群体遗传学研究等提供有价值的背景资料。     

中国南方汉族人群中一个常见型新等位基因HLA-C*08∶22的基因频率调查和分析

本研究调查南方汉族人群中1个常见型的HLA新等位基因C*08∶22的基因频率.对163份南方汉族无血缘关系个体血样进行常规的HLA-C基因第2、第3和第4外显子测序分型;对所检出的32份带有C*08∶01∶01/08∶22模棱两可结果的样本,进一步增加HLA-C基因的第5和第6外显子测序.在C*08∶22被发现和获得WHOHLA因子命名委员会认可前,对40例被鉴定携带C*08∶01∶01等位基因的无血缘关系供/受者进行HLA-C基因外显子2-6再测序.所有的序列均导入Assign 3.5 SBT软件,分析等位基因型.结果表明,32份无血缘关系个体检出C* 08∶01∶01/08∶22模棱两可结果的样本中,发现3例样本鉴定为C*08∶22,南方汉族无血缘关系个体中C*08∶22的基因频率为0.92％.回顾性分析以往40例携带C*08∶01∶01等位基因的无血缘关系供/受者对发现,其中2对供/受者实际为C*08∶22.结论:C*08∶22在南方汉族中为常见型的HLA等位基因,当测序分型出现C*08∶01∶01/08∶22模棱两可的结果时,不能轻易视为罕见型等位基因而错误地排除.     

中国南方汉族人群中一个常见型新等位基因HLA-C~*08:22的基因频率调查和分析

本研究调查南方汉族人群中1个常见型的HLA新等位基因C*08:22的基因频率。对163份南方汉族无血缘关系个体血样进行常规的HLA-C基因第2、第3和第4外显子测序分型;对所检出的32份带有C*08:01:01/08:22模棱两可结果的样本,进一步增加HLA-C基因的第5和第6外显子测序。在C*08:22被发现和获得WHOHLA因子命名委员会认可前,对40例被鉴定携带C*08:01:01等位基因的无血缘关系供/受者进行HLA-C基因外显子2-6再测序。所有的序列均导入Assign 3.5 SBT软件,分析等位基因型。结果表明,32份无血缘关系个体检出C*08:01:01/08:22模棱两可结果的样本中,发现3例样本鉴定为C*08:22,南方汉族无血缘关系个体中C*08:22的基因频率为0.92%。回顾性分析以往40例携带C*08:01:01等位基因的无血缘关系供/受者对发现,其中2对供/受者实际为C*08:22。结论:C*08:22在南方汉族中为常见型的HLA等位基因,当测序分型出现C*08:01:01/08:22模棱两可的结果时,不能轻易视为罕见型等位基因而错误地排除。     

中国西南地区汉族人群肿瘤坏死因子基因多态性与鼻咽癌遗传易感性

目的:分析肿瘤坏死因子基因多态性分布与中国西南地区汉族人群鼻咽癌易感性的关系。方法:选择2000-10/2005-09在华西医科大学第一附属医院就诊的100例鼻咽癌患者为鼻咽癌组,均经过病理科活检确诊,其中包括未治疗44例,放疗后37例,放疗加化疗后19例,选择100名同期入院健康体检者为对照组。所有受试对象为中国西南地区汉族人,均对检测项目知情同意。采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性的方法检测100例中国西南地区汉族鼻咽癌患者和100名健康对照者肿瘤坏死因子α基因启动子区-308位点及肿瘤坏死因子β基因第一内含子252位点的等位基因以及基因型频率,分析两位点多态性与鼻咽癌遗传易感性的关系。结果:鼻咽癌组患者肿瘤坏死因子β( 252)位点G/A杂合子基因型频率显著高于对照组(57%,29%,P<0.01),野生型(G/G基因型)频率低于健康对照组(23%,51%,P<0.01),等位基因A的频率高于健康对照组(48.5%,13%,P<0.01);肿瘤坏死因子α(-308)位点基因型以及等位基因频率与对照组相比较无统计学差异。结论:本实验人群中未发现肿瘤坏死因子α(-308)位点多态性与鼻咽癌易感性无关;肿瘤坏死因子β( 252)位点基因多态性与鼻咽癌具有相关性,A等位基因可能是鼻咽癌的遗传易感基因,G/A杂合子基因型个体较易患鼻咽癌。     

New PCR-based method for the Sp1 site polymorphism in the COL1A1 gene.

Polymorphism in the Sp1 binding site in the first intron of the COL1A1 gene has been related to increased risk of osteoporosis in several populations. To overcome the difficulties associated with the use of mismatch oligonucleotide primers in the original method for its detection, we developed a procedure involving PCR amplification of a 598-base pair sequence from the intron and its digestion with the restriction enzyme Van 91 I. The more frequent allele is recognized by the enzyme, whereas the reaction is abolished in the less frequent allele. Two convenience samples from the population in northern Finland, consisting altogether of 173 individuals, were studied. The overall frequencies were 0.864 for the G and 0.136 for the T allele, with a heterozygocity of 27.2%. The frequency of the T allele is towards the lower end of the range observed for other European populations.     

Sequences of the NPS-1 and TLE-1 beta-lactamase genes

The NPS-1 and TLE-1 beta-lactamase genes were cloned and sequenced. NPS-1 differed from LCR-1 beta-lactamase in 8 of 260 amino acids. TLE-1 differed from TEM-1 by a single Asp(115)-->Gly substitution and has been renamed TEM-90.     

吸烟和CYP1A1、GSTM1基因多态对肺癌易感性影响

目的:探讨细胞色素P4501A1(cytochrome P-450 1A1,CYP1A1)与谷胱甘肤硫转移酶M1(glutathione S-transferase M1,GSTM1)基因多态与支气管肺癌的关系.方法:采用PCR限制性片段多态检测法,检测肺癌组103例和正常对照组138例患者的CYP1A1与GSTM1基因多态,以非条件性Logistic回归模型分别对年龄、性别进行校正后计算优势比及95%CI.结果:CYP1A1 ml突变型等位基因频率在对照组和肺癌组分别为27.6%和42.7%;GSTM1的缺陷型基因(D)频率在对照组、肺癌组分别为44.2%和61.2%.Logistic回归分析表明,CYP1A1(w1/m1)杂合型(B型)患肺癌的升高3.19倍,纯合突变型(C型)基因患肺癌的升高2.61倍,GSTM1缺陷型(D)患肺癌危险度升高2.09倍,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).GSTMl(D)/CYP1A1(B或C)基因型的个体患肺癌危险度为5.72倍.GSTMI(D)和CYP1A1 ml突变型等位基因均可明显增加鳞癌和小细胞癌的患病危险度.结论:CYP1A ml突变型等位基因和GSTM1(D)均是患肺癌的危险因素.CYP1A m1突变型等位基因和GSTM1(D)存在明显的交互作用,二者与吸烟有协同作用.     

肾脏水通道蛋白-1(AQP-1)的研究进展

水通道蛋白(AQP)是一种分子量约28 kD的四聚体结构膜通道蛋白。哺乳动物中有13种不同的AQP,表达于不同的组织器官,调节水以及甘油和尿素等小分子跨膜转运。AQP-1主要表达于肾近曲小管和髓袢降支细段上皮细胞顶膜和基底膜,负责肾小管水分子的重吸收。当肾脏发生病变或者损伤时,AQP-1的表达也会随之改变,所以研究AQP-1对于了解水代谢疾病的发生机制以及指导临床水代谢疾病的治疗具有十分重要的意义。     

Recombinant protein 1/secretoglobin 1A1 participates in the actin polymerization of human platelets

BACKGROUND: Human protein 1 which was originally isolated from pathological urine is identified with clara cell 10 kDa protein and uteroglobin. It has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects in many vertebrates. Although there have been thorough studies on the structure, molecular biology and biochemical characteristics, the precise mechanism of its biological activities is unknown. The purpose of this research is to clarify the biochemical mechanism of protein 1 through its effect on the platelet aggregation process. METHODS: Changes in calcium mobilization, actin filament concentrations and functions of integrin alphaIIbbeta3 resulting from platelet stimulation were measured in the presence or absence of recombinant protein 1 (rP1). RESULTS: Recombinant protein 1 inhibited U46619- and thapsigargin-induced platelet aggregation by preventing store mediated calcium entry (SMCE). The binding of rP1 to resting platelets induced an increase in the actin filament that accompanied the structural changes of alphaIIbbeta3. When rP1-pretreated platelets were activated by thrombin or thapsigargin, the alterations in the actin filament and alphaIIbbeta3 resulting from the stimulation decreased. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that rP1 inhibits platelet aggregation by participation in the actin polymerization through which SMCE is mediated.     

Silencing of the DNA methyltransferase 1 associated protein 1 (DMAP1) gene in the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis implies a role of the DNA methyltransferase 1‐DMAP1 complex in female fecundity

The invasive harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis is a textbook example of polymorphism and polyphenism as the temperature during egg development determines the frequency of melanic morphs and the number and size of black spots in nonmelanic morphs. Recent concepts in evolutionary biology suggest that epigenetic mechanisms can translate environmental stimuli into heritable phenotypic changes. To investigate whether epigenetic mechanisms influence the penetrance and expressivity of colour morphs in H. axyridis, we used RNA interference to silence key enzymes required for DNA methylation and histone modification. We found that neither of these epigenetic mechanisms affected the frequency of different morphs, but there was a significant impact on life‐history traits such as longevity and fecundity. Strikingly, we found that silencing the gene encoding for DNA methyltransferase 1 associated protein 1 (DMAP1) severely reduced female fecundity, which correlated with an abundance of degenerated ovaries in DMAP1‐knockdown female beetles. Finally, we observed significant differences in DMAP1 expression when we compared native and invasive H. axyridis populations with a biocontrol strain differing in egg‐laying capacity, suggesting that the DNA methyltransferase 1‐DMAP1 complex may influence the invasive performance of this ladybird.