榛花中八种金属元素分析鉴别

目的：分析鉴别榛花中八种金属元素.方法：榛花样品经干法或湿法处理后,以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定榛花中Na、Mg、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb等八种金属元素的含量.结果：榛花中Na、Mg、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb元素的平均含量分别为0.0833mg/g、0.3576mg/g、1.7518mg/g、0.4858mg/g、0.1217mg/g、0.0812mg/g、0.2810mg/g、0.0557mg/g,其中Ca含量较高.结论：该测定方法简单、快速,结果准确,为榛花进一步开发利用提供了科学依据.     

原子吸收分光光度法测定马蹄甲中8种元素含量

目的:应用原子吸收分光光度法对马蹄甲中8种元素进行分析。方法:采用原子吸收分光光度法进行测定。结果:Na、K、Mg、Ca、Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu在马蹄甲中Ca的含量最高,含量大小依次为Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn、K、Na、Cu。结论:马蹄甲中除含有丰富Ca、Mg、Zn外,还有较为丰富的Fe、Mn、K、Na、Cu这些元素在其药效发挥中起着不可替代的作用。     

知母药材矿质元素特征及其与道地性的关系

目的:通过分析道地与非道地知母药材中矿质元素的特征,探讨其道地性。方法:用ICP-AES法对道地与非道地知母药材中的矿质元素进行含量测定、比较。并以矿质元素含量为指标,用主成分分析方法对知母药材中的特征矿质元素进行分析。结果:知母药材中有20种以上矿质元素。通过主成分分析,由初始因子载荷阵,提取3个主成分,第一主成分主要包含Fe,S,Na,Mg的信息,第二主成分主要包含Al,K,P,Si,Sr的信息,第三主成分主要包含Mn,Ca,Zn的信息,用这3个主成分代替12个原指标分析,可以概括原指标所包含信息的85.55%。用主成分分析的信息进行综合评判,其综合主成分公式为F=0.415 40F1+0.296 18F2+0.143 95F3。Fe,S,Na,Mg,Al,P,Si,Sr,Zn,Ca共10种元素为知母药材的特征元素。道地与非道地产地的比较,河北易县与内蒙古通辽的距离最远;其Fe/Mn元素含量的比值道地药材高于非道地药材。结论:矿质元素的分析结果表明道地与非道地知母药材中矿质元素有明显的地域性差异。     

牦牛皮胶中微量元素含量分析

对牦牛皮胶中微量元素含量进行了分析测定.结果表明:Ca、Fe、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn等元素的含量较为丰富,而人体非必需微量元素As、Pb、Hg含量较低.本研究为今后牦牛皮胶的开发和利用提供了科学的依据.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定紫花地丁中钙等金属元素的含量

目的利用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定紫花地丁中Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn和Zn六种金属元素的含量。方法使用湿法消解进行消样处理,采用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法对紫花地丁中Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn和Zn六种金属元素的含量进行测定。结果紫花地丁中含有丰富的金属元素,其含量由高到低依次为Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn和Cu,所建立的标准曲线相关系数r>0.999 0,加样回收率在86.3%~99.1%内,精密度试验RSD在1.9%~2.9%内,重复性试验RSD在1.99%~2.88%内。结论本方法简便快速,结果准确可靠,可用于紫花地丁中Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn和Zn六种金属元素的含量测定。     

ICP-OES法同时测定健康人全血中11种元素的含量

目的测定健康人全血中Li、Zn、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni V、Ca、Cd和Mg共11种元素的含量。方法采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES),健康人血样经硝酸-高氯酸(体积比为4∶1)浸泡过夜,次日置电热板上140℃消解处理后测定。结果线性范围分别为:0.50×10-2~0.50 mg.L-1(Ni)、1.0×10-3~4.0 mg.L-1(Li、Mn、V)、0.10×10-2~0.10×102mg.L-1(Cr、Cd)、0.10×10-1~0.20×102mg.L-1(Cu)、0.10~0.50×102mg.L-1(Zn)、1.0~1.0×102mg.L-1(Fe、Ca、Mg),相关系数均大于0.999 5。回收率在83.0%~107.0%之间,精密度RSD均小于9.8%。结论本方法适合健康人全血中Li、Zn、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、V、Ca、Cd和Mg的含量测定,同时为进一步研究微量元素与各种疾病的关系奠定了基础。     

枳壳枳实中Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu微量元素含量的测定

目的测定枳壳、枳实中Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn4种微量元素的含量。方法火焰原子吸收光谱法。结果枳壳中Fe、Zn、Mn的含量大于枳实,Cu含量小于枳实。结论枳壳和枳实中含有丰富的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn4种微量元素,在临床用药时可根据其元素含量加以选择。     

原子吸收光谱法测定木棉花不同部位微量元素

目的测定木棉花花萼、花蕊和花瓣中微量元素的含量。方法采用浓硝酸和高氯酸(体积比为4∶1)混合溶液消解样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定木棉花花萼、花蕊和花瓣中微量元素[铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)]含量。结果木棉花花萼中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn含量分别为87.27,13.23,35.98,5.19μg.g-1,花蕊中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn含量分别为95.05,14.24,34.72,4.75μg.g-1,花瓣中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn含量分别为255.10,12.84,34.04,14.13μg.g-1,花萼和花蕊中各元素含量由高到低依次是Fe>Zn>Cu>Mn,花瓣中各元素含量由高到低的顺序是Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu。该方法平均回收率94.00%～105.0%。结论该方法简单、准确。木棉花中含有较丰富的Fe,而Cu、Zn、Mn含量较少。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定生长期不同施肥方法柴胡中的微量元素含量

目的　利用火焰原子吸收法测定柴胡中的微量元素含量,为比较柴胡生长期不同施肥方法提供参考。方法　收集生长期采用不同施肥方法的柴胡,采用微波消解处理样品,以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定样品中的Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Zn的含量。 结果 测定出生长期不同施肥方法的柴胡样品中Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Zn的含量,加样回收率在95.18%~98.22%之间。结论　3期均施N、P、K肥可显著提高柴胡中钾元素含量,但其他元素含量受施肥方法的影响不大。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定生长期不同施肥方法柴胡中的微量元素含量

目的利用火焰原子吸收法测定柴胡中的微量元素含量,为比较柴胡生长期不同施肥方法提供参考。方法收集生长期采用不同施肥方法的柴胡,采用微波消解处理样品,以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定样品中的Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Zn的含量。结果测定出生长期不同施肥方法的柴胡样品中Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Zn的含量,加样回收率在95.18%～98.22%之间。结论3期均施N、P、K肥可显著提高柴胡中钾元素含量,但其他元素含量受施肥方法的影响不大。     

The influence of manganese on the distribution of essential trace elements: I. Regional distribution of Mn,Na, K,Mg, Zn,Fe, and Cu in rat brain after chronic Mn exposure

Two groups of six male rats were treated ip for 30 days with either 3.0 mg/kg Mn or 0.9% NaCl. Thirteen brain regions (olfactory bulbs, frontal cortex, rest of cortex, corpus callosum, hippocampus, corpus striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus, colliculi, amygdala, midbrain, pons-medulla, and cerebellum) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the following elements: Mn, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Cu. Mn accumulated more rapidly in striatum, thalamus, and midbrain than in other brain regions. Mn content increased by 135 nmol/g dry tissue in striatum, 77 nmol/g in thalamus, and 67 nmol/g in midbrain compared to an average brain increase of about 49 nmol/g. Mn exposure caused Cu concentrations to increase in several regions, whereas levels of K and Zn were decreased in certain areas. Significant changes in Na and Mg levels were also observed. There was no significant change in the Fe content of any brain region examined, but a significant positive correlation between Mn distribution and Fe distribution was noted in the control group. There was a similar positive correlation between Mn and Cu but not between Mn and any of the other elements studied. A significant negative correlation was observed between the distribution patterns of Mn and K.     

安徽省栽培玉竹中几种金属元素含量的测定

目的 了解不同地区栽培玉竹中金属元素含量的差异.方法 采用原子吸收分光光度法对安徽省栽培玉竹中的金属元素钾、钙、镁、锌、锰、铜、铁的含量进行测定.结果:各元素平均含量为:钾12.7047 mg/g,钙1.59083 mg/g,镁0.55495 mg/g,锌0.02034 mg/g,锰0.01839 mg/g,铜0.00664 mg/g,铁0.11791 mg/g,各元素组别间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 栽培玉竹中钾、钙、镁、锰、铁含量受区域影响较大.     

The influence of manganese on the distribution of essential trace elements. II. The tissue distribution of manganese, magnesium, zinc, iron, and copper in rats after chronic manganese exposure

Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated ip for 30 d with either 3.0 mg Mn/kg or an equal volume of 0.9% NaCl. Liver, kidney, pancreas, duodenum, spleen, testes, lungs, brain, skeletal muscle, bone, and blood were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the elements Mn, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Cu. Mn increased in all tissues except liver due to treatment. Bone and pancreas revealed the largest increases. In blood, increased Mn levels were almost totally accounted for by increases in the erythrocyte fraction. Subcellularly, all fractions (crude nuclear, crude mitochondrial, lysosomal, microsomal, and supernatant) revealed elevations in Mn content due to treatment. Mn did not concentrate selectively in any one subcellular fraction. Mn exposure was accompanied by decreased Zn levels in plasma and bone, decreased Mg levels in heart and bone, increased pancreatic Fe concentration, and increased Cu concentrations in plasma and several tissues.     

Effects of Aluminium on the Mineral Metabolism of Rats in Relation to Age

Abstract: The present study was conducted to assess in rats the effects of chronic aluminium (Al) exposure on calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) accumulation and urinary excretion in relation to the age of the animals. Male young (21 day old), adult (8 months), and old (16 months) rats were orally exposed to 0, 50, or 100 mg Al/kg/day for a period of 6.5 months. Urinary levels of essential elements were determined after 3 and 6.5 months of exposure, whereas tissue Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn and Fe concentrations were examined after 6.5 months of Al administration. A number of age-related changes in tissue accumulation and urinary excretion of essential elements following chronic exposure to Al were found. Concentrations of essential elements in most tissues of young Al-exposed rats were generally lower than those of adult and old rats. The highest levels of essential elements were found in old animals. Liver, testes and spleen were the tissues that showed the most remarkable increases in relation to the levels found in those tissues of young rats. Adult rats showed a pattern comparable to that of old animals for mineral metabolism in brain, whereas in bone and testes the pattern of accumulation was closer to that of young rats. While the urinary levels of Ca were generally reduced in the Al-exposed groups, no Al-associated changes were noted for Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn. In turn, after 6.5 months of Al administration Fe excretion was increased in Al-treated adult and old rats. The results of this study suggest that early stages of life cycle should be of special concern for Al-induced changes in the metabolism of essential elements.     

Interaction of dietary Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn and Se with the accumulation and oral toxicity of cadmium in rats

The toxicity of Cd was examined in rats fed diets containing 30 mg Cd/kg as CdCl2 for 8 wk. The Cd-containing diets were supplemented with various combinations of the minerals Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn and Se in order to investigate the protective effect of these mineral combinations on Cd accumulation and toxicity. The mineral combinations were chosen such that the effect of the individual components could be analysed. At the end of the 8-wk feeding period, the Cd concentrations in the liver and renal cortex were 13.9 and 19.5 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The feeding of 30 mg Cd/kg diet alone resulted in well known Cd effects, such as growth retardation, slight anaemia, increased plasma transaminase activities and alteration of Fe accumulation. Only supplements that contained extra Fe resulted in a significant protection against Cd accumulation and toxicity. The most pronounced effect was obtained using a supplement of Ca/P, Fe and Zn, which resulted in a 70-80% reduction in Cd accumulation in the liver and kidneys, as well as a reduction in Cd toxicity. The protective effect of the mineral combinations was mainly due to the presence of Fe2+, but in combinations with Ca/P and Zn the effect of Fe was most pronounced. Compared with Fe2+ the protective effect of Fe3+ was significantly lower. Addition of ascorbic acid to Fe in both forms improved the Fe uptake, but consequently did not decrease Cd accumulation. Thus, the mineral status of the diet may have a considerable impact on the accumulation and toxicity of Cd, fed as CdCl2 in laboratory animals. For the risk assessment of Cd intake, special consideration should be given to an adequate intake of Fe.     

反渗透膜浓缩技术对60mg促肝细胞生长素粉针剂常见金属元素含量影响的研究

目的了解反渗透膜浓缩技术对60mg促肝细胞生长素（PHGF）中钠（Na）、钾（K）、镁（Mg）、钙（Ca）、铁（Fe）、铬（Cr）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、银（Ag）、镉（Cd）、锑（Sb）、钡（Ba）、铅（Ph）等金属元素含量的影响,为药品工艺改进、质量控制及临床安全用药提供科学依据。方法采用在线内标,建立电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICPMS）技术对样品常见金属元素的检测方法,并对药品金属元素进行检测,比较2种规格药品中金属元素含量差异。结果ICPMS测定PHGF常见金属元素线性相关系数均〉0．9990;方法准确度、精确度和稳定性均达到要求,有证参考物质全血验证,方法准确度、精密度高。60mgPHGF与20mgPHGF生产工艺稳定,元素批间相对误差分别在0．00％-5．48％、0．24％-6．05％之间;2种规格药品各检测元素比较,Na、Mg、K、Fe、Ni、Zn、As、A异、Cd间均P〉0．05;Ca、Mn、Cu、Sb、Ba、Pb问均P〈0．01;Cr间P〈0．05。结论60mgPHGF与20mgPHGF检测元素比较,Na、Mg、K、Fe、Ni、Zn、As、Ag、Cd元素含量没明显差异;Ca、Mn、Cu、Sb、Ba、Pb元素含量有非常显著差异,20mgPHGF中Ca、Mn、Ba、Pb含量高。     

Chemometrics based on the mineral content as a tool for the assessment of the pollution of top soils

This is the first research of this type which includes the wider area of Kosovo taking into account the mineral wealth. The concentrations of 20 elements: Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Si, V, and Zn were determined using ICP-OES. The ranges of concentrations of toxic elements are lead (Pb) 0.044–14.98?g/kg, arsenic (As) 0.007–0.33?g/kg, cadmium (Cd) 0.004–0.044?g/kg, and chromium (Cr) 0.053–0.245?g/kg. The spatial distribution of toxic elements was described using distribution maps. Principal component and cluster analyses were performed to reveal grouping of samples.     

Inter-element interactions in human hair

The concentrations of 33 elements: Ca, Mg, Na, U, Cu, Zn, P, Fe, Mn, Cr, Se, B, Co, Mo, Si, V, Ni, Be, Hg, Cd, Al, Pb, As, Ba, Au, Pt, Ag, Sr, Sn, Ti, W, Sb and Zr in hair were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Hair samples (n=83) were collected between 1996 and 2003 from inhabitants of city of Wroc?aw, located in Lower Silesia, south-west Poland (urbanized and industrialized region). Inter-element interactions were studied by evaluation of correlation coefficients between two elements, as well as by multiple regression analysis. The strongest relations found between the elements in the hair were as follows: Mg and Ca, Mn and Ca, Sr and Ca, Sr and Mg, U and Na, Ni and Zn, Mn and Sr, Cd and Ni, Sb and Pt. We obtained also the following essential linear multiple dependences (p<0.05): Al=f(U, P, Mn), As=f(Zn, Fe) (Zn is negatively correlated, β<0), Cu=f(V), Fe=f(Mn, As), Mg=f(Ca), Ca=f(Mg, Ba), Ni=f(Zn, Cd), Sb=f(Pt, Sn, W) and Ti=f(Fe, Co). These relations can be useful in the explanation of relationships among the elements in man.     

A study on metals content in patients with colorectal polyps

Data on metals involvement in colorectal polyps are scarce and fragmentary. The aim of this study was to examine whether the level of metals could be associated with risk of colorectal polyp development. The concentration of 15 chemical elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg Mg, Mn, Pb, Se, Sr, and Zn) in 17 colorectal biopsies of healthy individuals, in 15 polypotic and corresponding nonpolypotic biopsies taken from the same individual, was evaluated. Concentration in polyps of metals such as Al, Ca, Mg, Mn, Pb, Sr, and Zn was unchanged both in unpaired and paired samples; elements such as Ba, Cd, and Hg were significantly lower and Fe was significantly higher both in individual and paired tissues. Cobalt, Cr, and Cu were significantly different only between polyps and the adjacent normal tissue area; Se showed a significant accumulation comparing polyps versus healthy tissues. The difference found in some elements between polyps and a control tissue provides an indication about the role of essential and nonessential elements in the early stage (polyps) in the colon carcinogenic process and encourages further studies to confirm the involvement of such elements in neoplastic processes.     

等离子发射光谱法测定卡拉胶中的微量元素

目的：应用等离子发射光谱法（ICP—AES）同时测定了卡拉胶中14种微量元素的含量。方法：用于法灰化样品,用外标法测定。结果：卡拉胶中钙镁铁锌锰含量丰富,而有害元素镍和铅含量较低。结论：卡拉胶中含有丰富的微量元素,而有害元素含量较低。