换热器管束结垢和腐蚀原因及分析

通过乙烯裂解装置中稀释蒸汽发生器管束结垢和腐蚀各个方面的原因及分析的探讨,提出了今后在设计、操作中如何采取相应措施保证设备的长周期运行。     

化学清洗在某加氢裂化装置高压空冷器上的应用

对炼油系统加氢裂化装置生产过程中高压空冷管束内壁介质结垢及腐蚀原因进行了分析。采用化学清洗方法对管束内壁的结垢及腐蚀产物进行清洗，提高了设备的换热效果，避免了金属表面的腐蚀，保证了装置的安全运行。     

加热炉空气预热器腐蚀、结垢原因及处理方法

分析了炼油系统加氢裂化装置生产过程中加热炉空气预热器管束外壁结垢与腐蚀原因。采用化学清洗方法，对管束外壁结垢及腐蚀产物进行清洗，提高了设备的换热效果，避免了金属表面的腐蚀，延长了预热管束的使用寿命。     

抚顺石化乙烯裂解余热锅炉炉水处理

针对乙烯装置余热炉炉水存在的给水水质控制不稳、炉水循环系统存在的酸腐蚀和结垢等问题,进行了理论分析。通过对药剂投加设备的技术改造,确保了炉水水质得到有效调节和控制;通过对炉水系统采取药剂处理,实施给水氧腐蚀控制、酸腐蚀控制和炉水缓蚀控制,取得了较好效果。结果表明,经过对药剂投加设备的技术改造和药剂的应用,确保了水质稳定,有效地控制了炉水循环系统的腐蚀和结垢问题。     

防止设备结垢延长乙烯装置运行周期

设备结垢堵塞问题已成为乙烯装置长周期运转的难点。笔者重点论述了急冷油塔和冷箱的结垢问题及防范措施。     

急冷水塔塔釜液位高原因分析及对策

针对燕山乙烯装置急冷水塔塔釜液位高而造成紧急外排污水量大的问题,从工艺、设备腐蚀等多方面进行了分析,结果表明稀释蒸汽/中压蒸汽发生器内漏和工艺水汽提塔进料预热器结垢是主要原因。对稀释蒸汽发生器管束结垢和腐蚀的原因进行了探讨,确定了发生的具体因素,并相应提出了解决措施。     

乙烯装置长周期运行技术应用与进展评述

通过采用设计新技术、风险评估、在线检测、带压封堵等长周期运行技术,解决装置泄漏、管线腐蚀、催化剂干燥剂老化以及主要设备裂解气压缩机、急冷油塔、碱洗塔和脱丙烷塔结焦结垢等技术难题,实现乙烯装置6年以上长周期运行目标。     

乙烯装置减缓结焦结垢新技术及其应用评述

介绍了乙烯装置减缓结焦结垢新技术，如设备结构改进、表面涂层、高效阻聚剂、在线吹扫等，讨论了这些新技术应用效果，提出了综合应用新技术实现乙烯装置长周期运转的建议。     

乙烯高温换热器泄漏原因分析及对策

介绍了乙烯装置高温循环水换热器泄漏的基本状况,并就系统泄漏的原因从水侧和工艺侧状况进行了分析。通过采取有效的应对措施,控制了高温换热器的腐蚀、结垢加剧的趋势,找到了较好的高温循环水换热器的腐蚀、结垢控制手段。     

乙烯装置分离系统的结垢和阻垢

通过分析乙烯分离装置加工物料和结垢物的化学组成，结合乙烯加工工艺条件，探讨了影响分离装置结垢的因素，并提出了以注入特定阻聚剂为主的减缓分离装置结垢的技术措施。     

过控专业有关经典控制理论课程的教学设计及方法探讨

针对各高校过程装备与控制工程专业控制类课程中自动控制理论部分的角色,结合我校过控专业开设的控制类课程,我们设计了过程装备控制原理这一课程包含的自动控制理论和控制技术应用部分的教学内容。本文简述了在网络教学平台上进行各种教学资源的设计,并结合笔者多年测仪专业和过控专业控制类课程教学的经历,对教学方式方法进行了分析和总结。     

基于过氧化氢制备生产二氧化氯的过程开发研究

This paper presents a process development and design of chlorine dioxide production based on hydrogen peroxide. The process is characterized by cleaner production, high efficiency, and waste minimization. Optimization of process conditions, selection of equipment, and experiment of recycle of waste acid are carried out. The process design is realized in consideration of several aspects such as operation, material, equipment design and safety. An industrialized process flowsheet is developed according to experiment. A pilot testing is carried out to confirm the lab results. Process design of chlorine dioxide production based on hydrogen peroxide is realized.     

焦炉煤气净化过程中的问题与治理

通过对安钢焦化厂焦炉煤气净化过程中存在的煤气系统阻力高,鼓风机等设备运行不正常,管道、设备本体腐蚀严重等问题的分析,找出了煤气净化过程中工艺和设备等方面存在问题的原因,并通过改进工艺控制,改变设备检修方式和引进使用新材料等方法给予解决。使煤气净化生产运行得到了改善,问题治理的经验在本行业具有一定的推广价值。     

Aspects of Technology and Equipment for Polymerization, Extraction, and Drying of Polycaproamide

In analyzing the equipment for continuous polymerization, extraction, and drying of PCA in CIS firms, the drawbacks inherent in the process equipment are pointed out. Modernization of the equipment will allow increasing its technical and performance characteristics and operational economy and reliability with simultaneous improvement in the quality indexes of the polymer obtained.     

高阻尼减振降噪涂层工艺及性能

针对自带电机类电子设备在调试与使用过程中,出现振动并发出噪音的现象,利用在设备内部涂覆高阻尼减振降噪涂料的工艺技术,实现了有效的减振降噪。开展了相关高阻尼减振降噪涂料涂覆层工艺试验,并对涂层的物理化学性能进行了检测,优选出了较优的高阻尼减振降噪涂料,设计出了适合于电子设备表面的减振降噪涂覆工艺技术,提升了电子设备的应用性及可靠性。     

化工干燥设备的材料选用及其防腐蚀

由于在干燥过程中处理的物料各种各样,因此在干燥设备制造时,必须根据具体工况选用具体的材料,并落实相应的制造与安装方法。论述了化工干燥设备的材料选用,提出了化工干燥设备的防腐蚀措施。     

固相水合法与挤压法制取重质纯碱的技术比较及经济评价

对鸿鹤化工总厂新建重质纯碱装置将采用的工艺路线进行分析；介绍挤压法和固相水合法流程和装置特点；对两种工艺路线进行技术比较和经济评价，指出从流程、设备、技术、操作、管理等因素衡量，挤压法均优于固相水合法，新建重质纯碱装置采用挤压法是可行的。     

面向可持续发展的半导体制造的集成产品和过程控制

Semiconductor fabrication is a manufacturing sequence with hundreds of sophisticated unit operations and it is always challenged by strategy development for ensuring the yield of defect-free products. In this paper, an advanced control strategy through integrating product and process control is established. The proposed multiscale scheme contains three layers for coordinated equipment control, process control and product quality control. In the upper layer, online control performance assessment is applied to reduce the quality variation and maximize the overall product performance (OPP). It serves as supervisory control to update the recipe of the process controller in the middle layer. The process controller is designed as an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) run-to-run controller to reject disturbances, such as process shift, drift and tool worn out, that are exerted to the op-eration. The equipment in the process is individually controlled to maintain its optimal operational status and maximize the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE), based on the set point given by the process controller. The ef-ficacy of the proposed integrated control scheme is demonstrated through case studies, where both the OPP (for product) and the OEE (for equipment) are enhanced.     

流体压力能利用技术综述

高压流体能量综合利用技术主要分为直接接触式和非直接接触式两大类。介绍了几种在过程工业上应用较广泛的流体压力能综合利用技术 ,对其工作性能进行了比较 ,评述了各自的优劣 ,并指出了每种技术的应用前景     

Reduction of Empiricism through Flow Visualization and Computational Fluid Dynamics

In chemical process industry, a variety of equipment is used for carrying out different unit operations and unit processes. The design procedures for this equipment have been largely empirical due to the complexity of fluid mechanics. In view of this, a stepwise procedure has been suggested based on experimental fluid dynamics (EFD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). One application of EFD and CFD is presented for the prediction of the heat transfer coefficient in the single‐phase turbulent pipe flow. The present capabilities of CFD for the design of different process equipment have been outlined.