基于BP神经网络的科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险评价研究

通过对知识产权质押融资过程中的风险因素进行分析,运用人工神经网络BP算法建立BP神经网络模型对科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险进行研究,结果显示BP神经网络对科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险进行评价具有较高的精度.BP神经网络模型可以成为科技型中小企业进行知识产权质押融资风险评价的一种有效的方法.     

基于BP神经网络的科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险评价

通过对知识产权质押融资过程中的风险因素进行分析,运用人工神经网络BP算法建立BP神经网络模型对科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险进行研究,结果显示BP神经网络对科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险进行评价具有较高的精度。BP神经网络模型可以成为科技型中小企业进行知识产权质押融资风险评价的一种有效的方法。     

知识产权强国建设背景下知识产权质押融资制度完善策略探析

针对知识产权质押融资运行的法律机制和功能定位尚未得到充分探讨的现状,基于对相关政策环境和发展历程的梳理分析,从知识产权法、民法和金融法三大维度对我国知识产权质押融资进行法理分析,认为我国知识产权质押融资发源于权利质押,其发展可以划分为基础构建、系统发展、深化改革三大阶段,其中基础构建阶段形成了知识产权质押融资所需的基础法律依据,系统发展阶段大范围地开展知识产权质押融资的示范试点,知识产权质押融资的重点工作内容在深化改革阶段得到进一步细化;但当前我国知识产权质押工作仍存在融资估值难、财产变现难、融资风险高等问题。通过比较分析国外3种典型的知识产权质押融资模式,认为应明确我国知识产权质押融资的功能定位是促进社会科技创新、降低科技型企业资金融通难题并保证全程风险可控的创新机制。由此提出未来应努力通过开拓资金来源渠道、完善基础设施建设、加强知识产权法律保障、强化风险管控等途径,促进和优化我国知识产权质押融资事业的发展及其治理工作。     

中小科技企业知识产权质押融资风险评价研究——基于供应链金融视角

基于供应链金融理论构建科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资风险评价指标体系,运用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法对典型科技型中小企业融资风险进行测评比较。定量分析表明：稳健且富有竞争力的供应链架构、资信强的核心企业能有效改善借款企业的信用状况,弥合知识产权质押风险的罅隙,帮助科技型中小企业通过供应链金融改善融资困境。     

知识产权质押融资风险动态监控平台构建与实现

基于现存的风险预警平台,结合知识产权质押融资本身的特点,建立基于第三方知识产权融资风险动态监控与预警系统,以便对知识产权质押融资业务发生后科技型企业的风险进行实时跟踪,促进知识产权质押融资的参与各方的合作机制更加紧密、稳定,保障多方实现互利共赢。     

科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资困境及对策研究

企业的发展以坚实的资金保障为前提,科技型中小企业最主要的竞争优势在于其自身拥有的知识产权,在知识经济时代,和其他高价值的有形资产一样,知识产权也可用于质押融资。但目前我国供需不平衡、交易费用过高等问题阻碍了知识产权质押融资业务的发展,本文就科技型中小企业知识产权质押融资困境进行剖析,并进行针对性地对策研究。     

基于知识产权质押的科技型小微企业融资机制及影响因素研究

知识产权质押融资是科技型小微企业融资的重要工具,但目前对其融资契约机制设计还缺乏深入研究。本文在现有研究基础上,从知识产权角度构建了两阶段科技型小微企业知识产权质押融资契约设计的机制模型,探讨了科技型小微企业合法拥有的知识产权价值、自身财富及人力资本投入水平、对风险项目的管理能力、风险项目绩效特征、每个阶段资本投入比例、风险项目残值及其变现性与可控性、知识产权融资的利息率、风险投资者的监控成本及风险规避程度、风险投资者的战略收益等要素对风险投融资契约设计的影响机制,并通过定量分析得到一系列设计机制,对科技型小微企业投融资理论进行了完善和发展。     

基于实物期权的科技型中小企业知识产权质押价值评估研究

知识产权质押融资是解决科技型中小企业融资难,促进其更好更快发展的重要途径。其中知识产权质押价值评估一直是知识产权质押融资过程中的重点和难点。文章研究发现传统评估方法应用在知识产权质押价值评估中存在诸多缺陷,而实物期权法却能很好地弥补这些缺陷,做出更客观精确地评估。选用离散模型下的二叉树定价模型对知识产权质押价值进行评估,并用算例演示了收益法和实物期权法的计算过程,比较了两种方法得到的不同评估结果。     

郑州春泉实现专利权质押融资常态化的思考

2007年10月,郑州春泉暖通节能设备有限公司(简称郑州春泉)利用专利权质押成功地取得河南省第一笔知识产权质押贷款,突破了河南省知识产权质押融资的瓶颈,成为河南省第一个利用专利权质押融资的受益企业。2012年9月,郑州春泉顺利完成了第三笔专利权质押融资。五年来,郑州春泉充分发挥知识产权优势,在河南省知识产权局和郑州市知识产权局的指导下,不断地研究、探索、实施知识产权质押融资这一新型的融资模式,并使之常态化实施,受到河南省政府的表扬,为河南省科技型中小企业专利权质     

第三方中介平台参与的知识产权质押融资合作机制

随着科学技术的发展和全球一体化进程的加快,科技型中小企业在实体经济中的地位愈发重要。但融资难问题一直是困扰中小企业发展的重要障碍。知识产权质押融资的发展给科技型中小企业提供了一种有效的融资方式。本文利用演化博弈模型探讨了在第三方中介平台的参与下,商业银行与科技型中小企业的知识产权质押融资合作机制是如何建立的。通过研究发现,只有当企业信用风险水平越小、银行能取得贷款风险担保、第三方中介平台可以取得较客观的收益时,银行与企业以及第三方中介平台的合作才是最稳定的状态。最后结合当今知识产权质押融资的现状提出了相关建议。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.