人重组γ-干扰素抗生育效应及其机理研究

本研究以新西兰品系实验兔为动物模型,观察人重组－γ干扰素（ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ）的抗生育效应并探讨其作用机理。实验结果：ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ能降低兔胚泡的着床率,对照组的着床率为８０％,ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ２．５、５．０和１０万ＩＵ３组的着床率分别为３０％、２７％和２７％。检测血清中雌二醇（Ｅ２）水平,对照组为１５７．９±３１．８ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ各组均有降低趋势,分别为１０７．３±１９．２、１０６．３±２１．７和１０４．９±１９．８０ｐｍｏｌ／Ｌ;血清孕酮（Ｐ）水平,对照组为５０．５９±７．６２ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ各组分别为１０．２１±３．１８、６．２３±１．６４和４．８７±０．２６ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ。在对卵巢和子宫组织的实验病理学的系统观察发现,ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ剂量为１０万ＩＵ时,呈明显的黄体退化、子宫内膜的发育及内膜上皮和腺体的分泌均被抑制。研究表明ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ对孕兔有一定的抗生育效应,其抗孕作用的主要靶器官可能是卵巢,从而影响子宫内环境,使不利于妊娠     

腹膜透析患者透出液CA125的变化

我们对３５例维持性腹膜透析（ＰＤ）患者的透出液和血清ＣＡ１２５进行检测并分析。 材料与方法 ｌ．一般资料：维持性ＰＤ患者３５例,男１５例,女２０例。平均年龄（６３．６±１２．２）岁,平均 ＢＵＮ（２５．３±４．８）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｓｃｒ（９８４．３±３７２．４）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。平均透析时间（１６．５±１６．１）个月。均采用１．５％或２．５％葡萄糖乳酸盐腹透液,每日交换３～４次,每次２ ０００ｍｌ。正常对照组１０例,平均年龄（５６．７±１５．２）岁。 ２．检测方法：受检者均于清晨抽取静脉血１ｍｌ分离血清,…     

高血压病的胰岛素与内皮素变化

应用放射免疫法同明检测了３０例高血压患者的胰岛素空腹（ＦＩＮＳ）与内皮素（ＥＴ）。结果：（１）正常对照组的ＦＩＮＳ、ＥＴ分别为６．７３±２．８３ｍＵ／Ｌ、４０．３±１０．６２ｎｇ／Ｌ。高血压病组成１５．６２±８．３６ｍＵ／Ｌ、６２．３６±１０．８２ｎｇ／Ｌ。两组相比Ｐ＜０．０１；（２）高血压病患者的ＦＩＮＳ与ＥＴ有一一的相关性，ｒ值为０．３６，Ｐ＜０．０５，作者认为胰岛素、内皮素相互影响，相互促进     

左旋精氨酸对离体免肺脏保存质量的影响

目的 观察左旋精氨酸（Ｌ－Ａｇｉｎｉｎｅ,Ｌ－Ａｒｇ）对离体兔肺脏保存的保护作用。方法 ３０只健康家兔随机分成对照组和左旋精氨酸组（Ｌ－Ａｒｇ组）,每组１５只,对组兔肺脏给予Ｅｕｒｏ－ｃｏｌｌｉｎｅｓ液进行灌注,Ｌ－Ａｒｇ组给予含Ｌ－Ａｒｇ的Ｅｕｒｏ－ｃｏｌｌｉｎｓ液进行灌注,灌注总量６０ｍｌ／ｋｇ,灌注压力１．９６ｋＰａ（２０ｃｍＨ２Ｏ）,灌注完毕整取心肺组织浸入４℃保存液中冷藏,７小时后取肺地     

雌二醇及孕酮对离体子宫内膜腺体和基质细胞合成前列腺素的影响

为了研究甾体激素对子宫内膜合成前列腺素（ＰＧＳ）的影响，采用雌二醇（Ｅ２）１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和孕酮（Ｐ４）１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ培养增生晚期（ｎ＝７）和分泌晚期（ｎ＝５）子宫内膜的分离腺体和基质细胞。结果表明，Ｅ２１０－８／Ｌ和Ｅ２１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ＋Ｐ４１Ｏ－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ刺激增生晚期的子宫内膜腺体细胞产生ＰＧＦ２α明显增加，对分泌晚期子宫内膜腺体细胞以及增生晚期和分泌晚期子宫内膜基质细胞均无明显影响。ＰＧＥ２，水平不受甾体激素的影响。     

大鼠卵巢内皮素－1受体的动态变化

应用放射配基结合分析法（ＲＢＡ）检测了大鼠不同发育阶段卵巢内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）受体的动态变化。结果表明：大鼠卵巢上存在有特异性ＥＴ－１受体，受体最大结合量（Ｂｍａｘ）于窦前期卵泡含量最高（３５８．２±７３．２ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白），随卵泡发育到排卵前卵泡时显著降低（１６２．７±１７．２ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白）（Ｐ＜０．０１），排卵后的早期黄体化卵巢降至最低值（３７．８±３．４ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白）（Ｐ＜０．０１），于晚期黄体化卵巢又再次升高（９５．３±４．９ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。受体亲和力（Ｋｄ值）也随卵泡和黄体发育的不同阶段呈现动态变化，在排卵前卵泡卵巢ＥＴ受体对ＥＴ－１的亲和力最低，晚期黄体化卵巢最高。结果提示，ＥＴ－１可能通过与ＥＴ－１受体结合参与卵泡和黄体发育的调节。本结果为ＥＴ－１作为卵巢内局部调节肽提供实验依据。     

氯胺酮用于学龄前儿童静脉滴注的药代动力学

利用反相高效液相色谱法，对８例３．５￣６．０岁学龄前儿童恒速静脉滴注０．０５％的氯胺酮３ｍｇ·ｋｇ＾－１·ｈ＾－１，测定其血中氯胺酮浓度，得出各项药代动力学参数ｔ１／２α＝０．１４１６±０．０４２３ｈ，ｔ１／２β＝２．８３５１±０．４４２７ｈ，Ｃｌ＝０．３３７０±０．０５８３Ｌ·ｋｇ＾－１·ｈ＾－１，Ｖｄ＝０．６６２０±０．２８５４Ｌ／ｋｇ，ＡＵＣ＝９．２０６２±１．００１９ｍｇ／Ｌ·ｈ，房室模型     

尿毒症,慢性肾炎患者血清维生素A,C,E的研究

本研究发现尿毒平病人的血清维生素Ａ含量为１２７．７０±６０．８０ｍｇ／Ｌ，显著高于正常对照组５８．０±１８．００μｇ／ｄｌ（Ｐ〈０．００１），维生素Ｅ含量则显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。维生素Ｃ含量与正常无显著性差别。慢怀肾炎组维生素Ａ为１１２．８１±６２．９３ｍｇ／Ｌ，显著高于正常对照组Ｐ〈０．０１），维生素Ｅ含量下正常无显著性差别。这对于指导临床用药及病人饮食营养有一定     

结直肠腺瘤细胞凋亡和增殖与bcl—2和P53蛋白表达的关系

目的 探讨结直肠腺瘤中细胞凋亡和增殖与ｂｃｌ－２和Ｐ５３蛋白表达的关系。方法 对４５例结直肠腺瘤用原位末端标记（ＴＵＮＥＬ）法检测细胞凋亡;以增殖细胞核抗原标记增殖检测其增殖活性;用免疫组织化学检测ｂｃｌ－２和Ｐ５３蛋白表达,另选结直肠高分化腺癌和五常黏膜各１０例作对照检测。结果 ４５例结直肠腺瘤细胞的凋亡指数（ＡＩ）为（９０．８５&;#177;０．２４）％,结直肠腺癌细胞的ＡＩ为（１．８６&;#177;０．１５）％,两者ＡＩ均高于正常结直肠黏膜（Ｐ〈０．０１）,而腺瘤与腺癌ＡＩ值差异也有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）;ｂｃｌ－２和Ｐ５３蛋白的表达率与细胞ＡＩ呈显著互相关（ｒｓ＝－０．６５和ｒｓ＝－０．６０）,Ｐ５３蛋白表达与细胞增殖活性呈正相关（ｒｓ＝０．８６）,而ｂｃｌ－２蛋白表达与细胞增殖无相关性,结论ｂｃｌ－２和Ｐ５３蛋白过度表达与细     

三烯高诺酮和米非司酮对大鼠实验性子宫内膜异位症的治疗作用

以手术方法复制大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型，研究三烯高诺酮和米非司酮对实验性子宫内膜异位症的治疗作用。动物随机分为８组：对照组；卵巢摘除组；丹那唑组，２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ；三烯高诺酮组，０．１２５、０．２５、０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ；米非司酮组，１０、５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。每天灌胃给药，３周后再次剖腹，取异位子宫内膜称重，并作组织切片，以半自动图象分析仪作子宫内膜形态定量分析，取血清测定雌二醇（Ｅ２）、孕酮（Ｐ）浓度。结果表明，三烯高诺酮和米非司酮均能抑制异位子宫内膜的生长，且表现为剂量依赖性。三烯高诺酮能使鼠血清Ｅ２、Ｐ水平降低，米非司酮对鼠血清Ｅ２水平无明显影响，但使Ｐ水平升高。     

The stimulation of capillary endothelial cell migration by aqueous humor

We have developed a quantitative in vitro assay of aqueous humor based on capillary endothelial cell migration. Bovine adrenal capillary endothelial cells are plated onto glass coverslips that have previously been coated with colloidal gold and incubated for 18 hr. During this time, cells that migrate sweep up the gold and leave a bare track that serves as a record of their movement. When the coverslips are projected by phase microscopy onto a television screen, the tracks can be traced and their areas are measured by a Zeiss MOP-3 digital image analyzer. V-2 carcinoma was implanted onto the iris of each eye of 15 NZ white rabbits and 200 μl of aqueous humor was aspirated from the anterior chamber. The aqueous humor was added to nonconditioned culture medium (DME with 10% calf serum) in concentrations of 6.25, 25, 50, and 100 μl. The tracks of 100 cells were traced for each concentration. The aqueous humor from these tumor-bearing animals stimulated capillary endothelial cell migration in a statistically significant, dose-dependent fashion. Aqueous humor from the eyes of 10 control rabbits (5 sham operated and 5 with heat killed, washed tumor implants) did not stimulate capillary endothelial cell migration at any concentration. This in vitro quantitative capillary endothelial cell migration assay of aqueous humor might improve the clinical diagnosis of intraocular tumors, guide subsequent treatment regimens, and identify those patients at a high risk of developing malignant eye tumors.     

激素替代治疗冻融胚胎移植妊娠结局的相关因素分析

目的探讨影响激素替代治疗冻融胚胎移植临床妊娠结局的因素,尤其是确定移植日的激素水平对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析了2010年1月至2013年4月在本中心接受激素替代周期准备内膜的冻融胚胎移植资料。结果总计516个冻融胚胎移植周期,临床妊娠的有246例,未着床或者生化妊娠者有270例。体外受精(IVF)和卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)两种受精方式的妊娠率无差异;妊娠组和未妊娠组的决定移植日的黄体生成素(LH)值、雌激素(E2)值、孕酮(P)值及内膜厚度也不具有统计学差异。进一步分析示:决定移植日的E2值为366~732pmol/L(不包括732pmol/L)时妊娠率最高,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),其余3组的妊娠率两两比较无显著性差异(P0.05);妊娠组较未妊娠组决定移植日LH峰(包括人工LH峰和自然LH峰)的出现率高(P0.05);决定移植日的子宫内膜厚度不存在统计学差异,但是子宫内膜的类型具有统计学意义(P0.05),以A型子宫内膜妊娠率最高。结论激素替代周期冻胚移植中通过监测决定移植日的LH峰的出现、E2水平及子宫内膜的形态对于寻找最佳移植窗具有重大意义,当E2水平处于366~732pmol/L且子宫内膜处于A型时妊娠率最高,同时LH峰的出现也有利于胚胎的着床。     

子宫内膜息肉中雌、孕激素受体的表达

目的检测子宫内膜息肉雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)的表达,探索子宫内膜息肉形成的原因及机制。方法子宫内膜息肉48例为观察组,正常子宫内膜36例为对照组,采用免疫组化SP法,行半定量分析,检测ER、PR的表达。结果增殖期的息肉组织中PR表达的评分结果为(2.89±2.16),低于增殖内膜的评分(4.04±1.73),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);分泌期的内膜息肉中ER表达的评分结果为(3.80±1.64),高于分泌期内膜中的评分(2.64±1.45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论增殖期的子宫内膜息肉中PR的表达降低及分泌期的息肉中ER表达增高可能参与了子宫内膜息肉的形成及发展。     

Trabecular outflow facility and formation rate of aqueous humor during anesthesia with sevoflurane-nitrous oxide or sevoflurane-remifentanil in rabbits

In the present study, we examined the effect of sevoflurane and remifentanil on intraocular pressure (IOP) and fluid dynamics. Twenty-eight rabbits were anesthetized with halothane, and IOP was measured via a 25-gauge needle in the anterior chamber. Rabbits were then assigned to one of four groups, and halothane was replaced with sevoflurane 1% (n = 7), 2% (n = 7), 3% (n = 7), or 1% + remifentanil 0.65 microg kg(-1) x min(-1) i.v. (n = 7). In all groups, a series of intraocular infusions was made into the anterior chamber, and IOP, trabecular outflow facility, the rate of aqueous humor formation, and intraocular compliance were determined. With sevoflurane only, intraocular compliance decreased (55 +/- 14, 39 +/- 22, 31 +/- 17 nL/mm Hg; P < 0.05) as the concentration of sevoflurane increased. With sevoflurane 1% + remifentanil, intraocular compliance was significantly increased (100.1 +/- 30.5 nL/mm Hg; P < 0.05) compared with sevoflurane 1%, 2%, or 3%. Trabecular outflow facility, rate of aqueous humor formation, and IOP did not differ among groups, and IOP was similar to values obtained during halothane anesthesia. Implications: The dose-related effects of sevoflurane on intraocular compliance did not produce significant intraocular pressure differences. Adding remifentanil to sevoflurane increased intraocular compliance. Sevoflurane or sevoflurane + remifentanil causes a decrease in intraocular pressure compared with the average of previously reported values in awake rabbits, and the magnitude of the decrease is similar to that previously reported in rabbits anesthetized with ethyl urethane, pentobarbital, or halothane alone or in combination with propofol, cocaine, or lidocaine.     

Prostaglandin E2 and protein release following Nd:YAG laser application to the anterior capsule of rabbit lens

We compared the effects of Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy and photophacofragmentation on the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and protein in the New Zealand rabbit aqueous humor. Following anterior capsulotomy, the concentration of PGE2 was significantly more elevated (P less than .025) than it was in the contralateral untreated eyes at intervals from one-half hour up to four hours, and rapidly decreased in 24 hours. The concentration of protein showed a relatively gradual increase which became significant (P less than .05) after two hours, and remained elevated 24 hours after anterior capsulotomy. In contrast, photodisruption into the lens without damaging the anterior capsule showed little effect on the release of PGE2 and protein in the aqueous humor.     

Non-invasive detection of antibiotics and physiological substances in the aqueous humor by Raman spectroscopy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Laser Raman spectroscopy is an inelastic light scattering technique able to characterize molecules in aqueous environments. The purpose of this work is to develop a non-contact and non-invasive spectroscopic method to identify and eventually quantify the presence of medicines (e.g., antibiotics) and physiological substances (e.g., glucose) in the aqueous humor of the eye. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new laser light delivery probe has been developed and adapted to a Raman spectroscopic system with the ability of favorable collection of the Raman light at 90 degrees scattering geometry while scanning the anterior chamber of the eye. Different amounts of ceftazidime, amphotericin B, and glucose had been injected in the aqueous humor of porcine eyes, maximum 24 hours after death and extraction, in-vitro. Raman measurements were excited with a visible (514.5 nm) laser beam at a power of 25 mW and an exposure/acquisition time of 1 second. RESULTS: The specific collection optics and Raman analysis components used in the present work have resolved the Raman signatures of probed molecules and low concentrations of ceftazidime (0.9 mg/mL), amphotericin B (9 microg/mL), and glucose (2 mg/ml) separately injected in the anterior chamber of porcine eyes were detected in vitro. CONCLUSION: This special illumination design gives the opportunity of avoiding the direct exposure to the laser light of basic cordial tissues of the eye, like lens and retina, although an optimum collection of scattered light is accomplished. Concentrations close to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) have been detected for ceftazidime and amphotericin b; the detection of glucose has been realized at concentrations close to the early pathological levels of patients with diabetes.     

Can chronic bulbar hypotony be responsible for uveal effusion? Report of two cases

We describe two patients with a unilateral uveal effusion syndrome characterized by spontaneous ciliochoroidal and retinal detachment, shallow anterior chamber, poorly reactive pupil, and bulbar hypotony. A space-occupying substance of high molecular weight (sodium hyaluronate), injected into the anterior chamber, raised the intraocular pressure of these patients to 24 mm Hg. Within 24 to 72 hours the uvea flattened, and later the retina settled completely. Satisfactory clinical stability has continued in the follow-up period. Because a rheologic study of the aqueous humor revealed hyposecretion and hypotony in the apparently unaffected fellow eye, it is suggested that a primary bulbar hypotony can trigger a uveal effusion syndrome in an otherwise normal-sized eye with no structural abnormality.     

Absence of angiogenesis-inhibitory activity in aqueous humor of diabetic rabbits.

We studied inhibitory activity of angiogenesis in the eye to explore the formation of new blood vessels in diabetic microvascular diseases. When we examined the effects of extracts from various ocular tissues of nondiabetic rabbits on the proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells, potent inhibitory activity was found in lens and aqueous humor. Aqueous humor inhibited both angiogenesis on chorioallantoic membrane in vivo and promotion of endothelial cell growth in vitro, which were induced by retinal extracts. However, in diabetic rabbits, aqueous humor lost the ability to inhibit the growth of endothelial cells. The loss of activity became evident 1 mo after the alloxan injection and lasted while the animals were hyperglycemic. In addition, diabetic aqueous humor failed to suppress retinal extract-induced angiogenesis promotion and endothelial cell growth. The absence of the inhibitory activity of angiogenesis in diabetic aqueous humor might be involved in promotion of neovascularization in diabetic ocular disease.