中孔材料在碱催化与氧化催化反应中的应用

中孔材料表面存在大量硅羟基,可稳定地与有机物或有机金属复合物基团相结合,可作为高度分散金属或氧化物载体,也可作为碱催化或氧化催化反应的催化剂。近年来,中孔材料在碱催化或氧化催化反应过程中的应用潜在价值备受关注,对中孔材料的研究成果进行分析,指出中孔材料在新催化体系中制备及应用的发展方向。     

表面活性剂在有序介孔材料合成中的应用

有序介孔材料作为一种新型的纳米结构材料，在催化、分离、纳米技术、智能材料等领域有着广阔的应用前景。作为模板剂(结构导向剂)的表面活性剂在有序介孔材料的合成中起着十分重要的作用。本文对各种表面活性剂在有序介孔材料合成中的应用作了综述，分析了各种表面活性剂对有序介孔材料的合成、结构、性能的影响。     

沸石和介孔氧化硅纳米材料的绿色合成及其在环境领域中的应用

综述了近年来纳米沸石和介孔氧化硅纳米材料的绿色合成方法以及这些材料在环境领域中的应用。重点讨论了这些材料的模板剂循环利用合成法、无模板剂合成法、离子液体合成法、无溶剂合成法以及微波加热合成法等绿色合成技术和方法;同时论述了纳米沸石和介孔氧化硅纳米材料在环境催化以及环境污染物吸附等方面的应用。最后对纳米沸石及介孔氧化硅纳米材料的合成技术新发展和新应用进行了展望。     

多孔液体：合成与应用

多孔液体是一类具有永久孔隙的新兴液体材料,它将多孔材料优异的性能和液体的流动性结合在一起。具有永久空腔的造孔器（pore generator）,可以完全由无机砌块单元、有机配体和无机节点的组合单元或有机砌块单元构成。本文根据造孔器的结构综述了使用无机纳米材料、金属有机框架和多孔笼合成多孔液体的最新研究进展。文章指出作为新的研究领域,多孔液体化学正处于起步阶段,虽然面临着诸多挑战,但应用潜力巨大。目前在气体吸附、异构体识别、多孔液体膜的合成等方面都有研究,有望在气体捕捉和分离、催化、膜材料制备等领域得到应用。     

金属有机骨架材料在催化中的研究进展

简介了金属有机骨架材料（MOFs）的合成方法,主要介绍了MOFs应用于Lewis酸、碱和手性催化中的研究进展,对MOFs材料在催化领域的应用进行了展望。     

MCM-41分子筛的水热合成、改性及其应用研究进展

介绍了以水热合成法为主的介孔MCM-41分子筛的合成,简述了近几年国内外介孔MCM-41材料的改性,尤其是金属掺杂改性以及杂多酸改性等方面的最新研究,详细介绍了关于功能化的MCM-41在诸多工业反应上的应用,如在烷基化催化、酯化催化、异构化催化等反应中的应用,最后对介孔MCM-41分子筛材料的发展前景以及未来亟需解决的问题进行了展望。     

铜催化剂在有机合成中的新应用发展

铜作为金属催化剂,在有机合成上有着广泛的应用。本文在大量查阅最近两年的文献资料基础上,归纳总结了金属催化剂铜,近两年在国内的新研究动向和新应用,综述了Cu在一些经典的催化反应中应用的研究进展,主要包括Cu催化偶联反应、Cu催化多组分反应和Cu金属配合物催化有机反应的应用;此外,还综述了铜催化剂在近两年内,在新的合成方法、新的合成工艺中的新应用。     

具有特殊形貌的介孔氧化硅的合成及其应用研究进展

具有特殊形貌的介孔氧化硅不仅具有比表面积高、孔径均一可调、形貌多样可控等优点,而且其特殊的介孔结构赋予了材料特殊的用途;不仅是制备高性能催化剂和药物分子的理想载体,而且在吸附分离、金属防腐以及光电磁领域有良好的应用前景。本文介绍了近年来特殊形貌介孔氧化硅材料的合成研究,这些材料包括纳米花状介孔氧化硅、新型球状介孔氧化硅、带状介孔氧化硅、立方体介孔氧化硅等,以及这些特殊结构的介孔氧化硅材料作为载体或前体在催化及药物控释等领域特殊应用的研究进展。指出特殊形貌的介孔氧化硅在电池和能源等方向的研究应用将是今后的研究热点。     

介孔碳材料及其负载金属催化剂的制备及应用研究进展

介孔碳材料具有较高比表面积、均一可控纳米孔分布和可调节的表面化学性能,在催化领域具有重要应用前景.综述了介孔碳材料及其负载金属催化剂的制备方法及催化应用进展.     

功能化层状硅酸镍在磁、电及催化领域的应用

二维纳米材料层状硅酸镍（Ni-PS）具有片层结构规则有序、比表面积高和层间性能可调等优点,作为功能材料在磁、电及催化等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文在综述了Ni-PS的合成机理和制备方法的基础上,介绍了引入有机Si源、利用金属离子（或氧化物）进行掺杂、合成纳米管以及与碳基材料进行复合等手段来调控Ni-PS的结构和性能,详细阐述了Ni-PS或作为前体在制备高质量金属纳米粒子、电极材料、磁性载体和重金属离子吸附剂等方面的应用,着重指出Ni-PS的独特层状结构能够在还原过程中限制金属扩散和保护纳米粒子不被氧化和烧结长大,可用于制备新型高效Ni基催化剂,被广泛应用于制合成气、催化制氢/加氢及分子链催化重构等。最后,提出了Ni-PS在材料领域的发展方向和建议：深入研究Ni-PS的合成技术和改性方法,制备高性能、多功能Ni-PS及复合材料,进一步拓展其在功能材料和工程材料领域的应用。     

双介孔材料的合成与应用研究进展

双介孔材料是一种同时具有小介孔和大介孔的新型多级孔材料,在吸附和催化方面具有广阔的应用前景,因此也引起许多研究者的关注。本文较全面地总结了双介孔材料的合成方法,探讨了双介孔材料作为吸附剂和催化剂载体的应用研究状况,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望:如何有效地控制两种介孔的孔结构和孔的空间分布、结构和物化性能的表征以及如何改性以扩大其应用领域尚需进一步的研究。     

Ordered Mesoporous Materials with Improved Stability and Catalytic Activity

Microporous crystals of zeolites such as Y, Beta, and ZSM-5 are widely used commercial catalysts, but their applications are strongly limited by their small pore sizes. Recent progress in solving this is used to ordered mesoporous materials such as MCM-41, HMS, and SBA-15. These mesoporous materials have pore diameters of 2.0–30 nm and exhibit good catalytic properties for the catalytic conversion of bulky reactants. However, when compared with microporous crystals of zeolites, the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability are relatively low, which severely hinders their practical applications in industrial catalytic reactions such as petroleum cracking. The relatively low catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability can be attributed to the amorphous nature of the mesoporous walls. In this account, we systemically review the routes for improving catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability of mesoporous materials, which include (1) acidic sulfated zirconia supported in mesoporous materials; (2) strongly acidic and thermally stable mesostructured sulfated zirconia with tetragonal crystalline phase; (3) strongly acidic and hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates synthesized in alkaline media; (4) strongly acidic and hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates synthesized in strongly acidic media; (5) hydrothermally stable mesoporous titanosilicates with catalytically active titanium species in oxidations; (6) high-temperature generalized synthesis of ultrastable ordered mesoporous silica-based materials by using fluorocarbonhydrocarbon surfactant mixtures.     

Perspectives of Micro/Mesoporous Composites in Catalysis

This article covers the recent development in the remarkably growing field of synthesis, characterization and particularly catalytic investigation of zeolite-based materials combining micro- and mesoporous features. New synthetic approaches for preparation of micro/mesoporous composites including recrystallization of originally amorphous matter, utilization of nanocrystalline zeolite seeds and formation of mesoporous zeolite single crystals are the first focus of this article. The advantages and disadvantages of composite materials in comparison with pure micro- and mesoporous molecular sieves will be discussed, as well. The relevance of individual experimental techniques for analysis of the composites, i.e., their structure, porosity, chemical composition, morphological features, and so on, are described in the second section of the article. The last Section is focused on the application of micro/mesoporous composites and mesoporous zeolites as catalysts in acid-catalyzed reactions, oxidation reactions and synthesis of fine chemicals. The potential of the composites in challenging areas of catalysis for future applications is the final objective of the review.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Catalytic Applications of Organized Mesoporous Aluminas

The synthesis of organized mesoporous aluminas has opened a very interesting area for application of this type of materials, particularly as catalysts or catalyst supports. This review focuses on the individual synthesis routes to produce organized mesoporous aluminas with large surface areas and narrow pore size distributions, and on the evaluation of their textural, chemical and thermal properties and outlines examples of catalytic applications of organized mesoporous alumina‐based catalysts. We tried to rationalize the synthetic approaches to prepare organized mesoporous aluminas, to relate their properties to synthetic procedures used as well as to their catalytic behavior in different reactions. Utilization of various structure‐directing agents for “cationic,” “neutral,” “anionic,” “nanocasting,” and special approaches leading to scaffolding and lathlike organized mesoporous aluminas is discussed in the first part of this review, as well as textural and structural characterization and thermal stability of mesoporous aluminas synthesized by different synthetic approaches. In the second part, catalytic applications of organized mesoporous aluminas described in the open literature are evaluated from the standpoint of the importance of these reactions for technological applications.     

介孔分子筛改性及在吸附脱硫中的应用

介孔分子筛由于具有较大的比表面积、孔容、孔径等优点使得其在吸附分离等领域得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了介孔分子筛改性的不同方法,包括嵌入法、负载法,以及有机-无机杂化介孔材料的制备等。对介孔分子筛在吸附脱硫方面的最新研究进展进行了总结,包括对燃料油、天然气、煤气中硫化物的吸附脱除,以及H2S、SO2等大气污染物的吸附脱除。同时对介孔分子筛的改性及发展前景进行了展望,合成新型有机-无机杂化介孔材料并将其应用于吸附等领域是未来发展的主要趋势。     

Perspectives of Micro/Mesoporous Composites in Catalysis

This article covers the recent development in the remarkably growing field of synthesis, characterization and particularly catalytic investigation of zeolite‐based materials combining micro‐ and mesoporous features. New synthetic approaches for preparation of micro/mesoporous composites including recrystallization of originally amorphous matter, utilization of nanocrystalline zeolite seeds and formation of mesoporous zeolite single crystals are the first focus of this article. The advantages and disadvantages of composite materials in comparison with pure micro‐ and mesoporous molecular sieves will be discussed, as well. The relevance of individual experimental techniques for analysis of the composites, i.e., their structure, porosity, chemical composition, morphological features, and so on, are described in the second section of the article. The last Section is focused on the application of micro/mesoporous composites and mesoporous zeolites as catalysts in acid‐catalyzed reactions, oxidation reactions and synthesis of fine chemicals. The potential of the composites in challenging areas of catalysis for future applications is the final objective of the review.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Applications of Organized Mesoporous Aluminas

The synthesis of organized mesoporous aluminas has opened a very interesting area for application of this type of materials, particularly as catalysts or catalyst supports. This review focuses on the individual synthesis routes to produce organized mesoporous aluminas with large surface areas and narrow pore size distributions, and on the evaluation of their textural, chemical and thermal properties and outlines examples of catalytic applications of organized mesoporous alumina-based catalysts. We tried to rationalize the synthetic approaches to prepare organized mesoporous aluminas, to relate their properties to synthetic procedures used as well as to their catalytic behavior in different reactions. Utilization of various structure-directing agents for “cationic,” “neutral,” “anionic,” “nanocasting,” and special approaches leading to scaffolding and lathlike organized mesoporous aluminas is discussed in the first part of this review, as well as textural and structural characterization and thermal stability of mesoporous aluminas synthesized by different synthetic approaches. In the second part, catalytic applications of organized mesoporous aluminas described in the open literature are evaluated from the standpoint of the importance of these reactions for technological applications.     

介孔及介观结构材料掺杂有机染料的研究进展

从材料制备方法的角度出发,对近年来介孔及介观结构材料掺杂有机染料的光学性能研究进行了综述,比较分析了各种制备方法的优缺点,对其在光学各领域的应用前景作了展望。     

Contemporary mesoporous materials for drug delivery applications: a review

The current avalanche in the literature reports on the synthesis and application of novel mesoporous materials is a matter of interest for the chemist community all over the world. Different classes of ordered mesoporous matrices are designed with fine internal architectures which are suitable for loading and release of several molecular assemblies of practical interest. The present scenario in this regard has prompted us to undertake a review on the advancement of such materials in the field of drug delivery applications. In the present review, we have considered the different possible mesoporous materials suitable for delivery of widely used drugs. We have presented here a general outline of such mesoporous materials and discussed the mechanistic features of their cargo behaviour for different classes of drugs viz., anticancer, antirheumatic, antihypertensive and so on. Finally, the discussion has been concluded with the current scenario of their practical utility and the future prospects of this vastly growing research field. The present review is made to create an impression on the development of the mesoporous materials for their possible applications towards delivery of some important drugs.