肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝病与血清铁蛋白相关性研究

目的：探讨血清铁蛋白和肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）之间的关系,为早期发现肥胖儿童NAFLD提供临床科学依据。方法：选取2016年5月—2018年12月在丽水市中心医院诊断为肥胖的儿童315例,男233例、女82例,平均年龄(11.4±2.6)岁,体质指数（BMI）（24.5±4.6）kg/m2。依据B超结果将315例儿童分为单纯性肥胖184例、肥胖伴NAFLD 131例。按照标准方法测量儿童体重、身高、腰围,同时选取同时期体检同年龄段的健康儿童35例作为对照组。检测血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、血清铁蛋白（SF）等指标。结果：在315例肥胖儿童中,其中116人检出脂肪肝（男性91例、女性25例）,脂肪肝检出率为36.9%,男性和女性肥胖儿童青少年脂肪肝检出率分别是39.1%、30.4%,两组之间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。年龄及BMI在对照组、单纯肥胖组和肥胖伴NAFLD组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。腰围在肥胖伴NAFLD组和单纯肥胖组均大于对照组（P＜0.05）;TG、HDL、SF在3组间比较有差异（P＜0.05）;TG在肥胖伴NAFLD组结果要高于对照组;HDL在肥胖伴NAFLD组和单纯肥胖组低于对照组;SF在肥胖伴NAFLD组高于单纯肥胖组和对照组。轻、中、重度3组脂肪肝儿童SF比较发现重度NAFLD＞中度NAFLD＞轻度NAFLD。经多因素Logistic回归分析,甘油三酯（TG）、血清铁蛋白（SF）和性别均是儿童非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素。结论：血清铁蛋白、血脂、腰围等指标可以作为监测肥胖儿童伴发NAFLD的有效指标。     

PEMT基因V175M多态性与非酒精性脂肪肝易感性的关系

目的:探讨磷脂酰乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶(phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase,PEMT)基因V175M多态性与非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)易感性的关系。方法:抽取NAFLD患者外周血基因组DNA,PCR扩增获得其V175M基因,测序后分析PEMT基因V175M多态位点的基因分型。收集患者身高、体重、腰围、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白、空腹胰岛素等临床资料,计算体重指数和HOMA胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),同时选取年龄、性别相匹配的非NAFLD79人为对照。结果:NAFLD组和对照组在年龄、性别方面相匹配,但NAFLD组的肥胖者显著增多。NAFLD组和对照组M等位基因的频率分别为20.1%和12.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),NAFLD组和对照组VM MM基因型的频率分别为26.6%和22.8%(P=0.05)。以BMI≥25作为肥胖的标准,将研究对象分为肥胖和非肥胖者,在肥胖的对照和NAFLD组中,V175M等位基因和基因型频率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);在非肥胖的NAFLD和对照组中,M等位基因的频率分别为21.9%和9.6%,VM基因型的频率则分别为43.8%及19.3 %,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过引入其他已知的非肥胖型NAFLD易感因素(腰围,LDL和HOMA-IR),再进行Logistic回归分析,V175M基因型未能进入回归方程,P=0.323。结论:广州汉族人中存在PEMT V175M多态性,且以V等位基因为主,PEMT V175M并非NAFLD的独立易感因素。     

血清铁蛋白水平与非酒精性脂肪肝的相关性研究

目的:探讨血清铁蛋白水平与非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的相关性。方法:选择2016年10月至2017年4月我院干保中心诊治的患者299例,根据腹部超声分为有NAFLD组及无NAFLD组。空腹抽血检测肝酶、血脂、血糖、胰岛素、血清铁蛋白、血常规。Pearson相关分析血清铁蛋白与各代谢指标的关系,采用Logistic二元回归分析血清铁蛋白水平与非酒精性脂肪肝患病率的关系。结果:NAFLD组血清铁蛋白水平明显高于非NAFLD组(301.9±206.2 ng/mL vs. 176±125.6ng/mL,P0.05)。血清铁蛋白水平与腹围、体重指数、血红蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、甘油三酯显著正相关(P0.05),与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著负相关(P0.05)。根据血清铁蛋白从低到高分成4等分,Q1 (17.8-124.8 ng/mL)、Q2 (125.6-199.4 ng/mL)、Q3(200.1-339.1ng/m L)、Q4(345.6-1074.9 ng/m L),其对应的NAFLD患病率分别为37.3%、52.0%、70.7%、78.4%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。将血清铁蛋白第一分位患脂肪肝的OR设为1.00,校正年龄、性别、体重指数、血红蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇后,第二至第四分位的OR(95%CI)分别为1.994(0.908-4.379),3.334(1.464-7.595),3.954(1.578-9.907)(趋势P0.05)。结论:血清铁蛋白水平与NAFLD发病明显相关,血清铁蛋白水平升高时,NAFLD的发病风险增加。     

西格列汀片与格列美脲片治疗初发2型糖尿病伴非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效比较

目的:比较西格列汀片与格列美脲片治疗初发2型糖尿病伴非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的疗效。方法:选取2014年7月~2015年7月间在我院治疗的初发2型糖尿病伴NAFLD患者78例,通过随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组,各39例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上加用格列美脲片,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加用西格列汀片。治疗后对两组患者脂肪肝的疗效进行评价,比较治疗前及治疗12周后两组患者血糖、血脂、肝功能相关指标水平,并观察两组治疗过程中的不良反应。结果:观察组患者总有效率为84.62%,高于对照组的71.49%(P0.05)。治疗12周后,两组患者血糖、血脂、肝功能相关指标水平均较治疗前改善,且观察谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)水平及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用西格列汀片治疗初发2型糖尿病伴NAFLD可有效控制患者脂肪肝症状,保护肝功能,相比格列美脲片疗效更好,值得进一步推广使用。     

高血压患者胰岛素抵抗与代谢综合征及心血管事件的发生情况的相关性分析

目的:分析高血压患者胰岛素抵抗与代谢综合征及心血管事件的发生情况及其影响因素。方法:选择2014年6月至2017年9月解放军113医院及河南大学附属医院收治的382例高血压患者,根据是否存在胰岛素抵抗将其分为单纯高血压(对照组,n=212)和高血压伴胰岛素抵抗(实验组,n=170)。根据国际糖尿病联盟代谢综合征的相关定义将患者分为A组(代谢综合征,n=202)和B组(非代谢综合征,n=180)。比较患者的身高、体质量并计算其体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP),检测两组受试者空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、肌酐(SCr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、采用酶联免疫法测定高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、脂联素(APN)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平。随访1年并记录患者心血管事件发生情况。结果:实验组血清APN、FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR、hs-CRP水平与对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组患者SBP、DBP、BUN、APN、FPG、HOMA-IR、hs-CRP水平明显高于B组,HDL-C水平明显低于B组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。BUN、HDL-C、HOMA-IR、hs-CRP水平升高为高血压患者发生代谢综合征独立危险因素(P0.05)。随访1年后,对照组患者发生心血管事件72例,实验组144例。进一步采用多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血清TG、HDL-C、HOMA-IR、hs-CRP水平升高为高血压患者发生心血管事件的危险因素(P0.05)。结论:高血压伴胰岛素抵抗患者其胰岛素抵抗程度高于单纯高血压患者;胰岛素抵抗与代谢综合征显著相关,为高血压患者发生心血管事件的危险因素。     

代谢综合征与非酒精性脂肪肝临床特征的关系

目的:探讨代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)与非酒精性脂肪肝(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)临床特征之间的相关性。方法:从我院2012年1月-2014年2月健康体检资料中抽选326例经超声确诊为NAFLD的患者,作为NAFLD组,并随机抽选335例无脂肪肝患者作为对照组;观察两组患者间的临床特征,并采用Logistic回归分析MS与NAFLD临床特征之间的相关性。结果:NAFLD组患者体重指数(BMI)、血压、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、空腹血糖(FBG)、血尿酸(UA)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平显著高于对照组(P0.05):两组间低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)比较无显著性(P0.05)。NAFLD组中MS、血脂及糖代谢异常、肥胖以及高血压的检出率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。经Logistic回归分析显示,NAFLD、BMI、TG、HDL-C、高血压及血糖是MS的独立危险因素。结论:NAFLD患者中存在MS的各种组分聚集特征,MS患病率明显升高,NAFLD是MS的独立危险因素之一,因此MS与NAFLD关系密切。     

冠心病患者胰岛素抵抗程度的影响因素分析

目的:分析冠心病患者胰岛素抵抗程度的影响因素。方法:选择我院收治的冠心病住院患者166例,根据胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)水平将其分成四组。A组:HOMA-IR≤1.53(n=36);B组:1.53HOMA-IR≤3.46(n=30);C组:3.46HOMA-IR≤5.13(n=36);D组:HOMA-IR≥5.14(n=64)。检测和比较各组一般临床资料和相关生化指标的差异,并进一步分析影响冠心病患者胰岛素抵抗程度的危险因素。结果:C、D组腰围、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均高于A、B组;D组空腹胰岛素(INS)均高于A、B组,B、C组INS、LDL-C均高于A组;D组体质量、TC高于A组。上述差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析结果显示BMI、腰臀比(WHR)、FBG、INS、TC、HDL-C均是HOMA-IR的影响因素(P0.05)。结论:体重、腰围、FBG、2h PBG、INS、TC、HDL-C的上升均为加重冠心病患者胰岛素抵抗程度的危险因素。     

血脂与血尿酸浓度变化在老年脂肪肝患者诊断中的价值

目的：研究血脂与血尿酸浓度变化在老年脂肪肝患者诊断中的价值。方法：选取我院三年来健康体检时确诊为脂肪肝患者 的80 例为观察组,体检结果为健康正常人的80 例为对照组。测定两组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血尿酸、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密 度脂蛋白胆固醇的值,将检测结果进行对比。结果：两组检测结果对比,观察组的总胆固醇高于对照组的(x2=11.358,P=0.015);观 察组的甘油三酯值高于对照组（x2=7.456,P=0.035）;观察组中的血尿酸,高于对照组值（x2=9.875,P=0.029）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 的值,高于对照组（x2=12.037,P=0.013）,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于对照组（x2=5.149,P=0.041）。在轻、中、重度三组脂肪肝患者中, 中度脂肪肝患者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血尿酸、低密度脂蛋白含量高于轻度脂肪肝患者,高密度脂蛋白含量低于轻度脂肪肝患 者,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义;重度脂肪肝患者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血尿酸、低密度脂蛋白含量高于中度脂肪肝患者,高密度 脂蛋白含量低于中度脂肪肝患者,P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论：脂肪肝病变程度越大,脂肪肝患者总胆固醇、甘油三酯、血尿 酸、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的值越高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的值越低,血脂与血尿酸浓度变化可作为诊断脂肪肝疾病的依据,可实 现早发现、早治疗,值得应用。     

188例早发冠心病患者危险因素及冠脉病变特点临床分析

目的:分析早发冠心病患者临床危险因素及冠脉病变的特点,以便对其早期干预及优化治疗.方法:回顾性分析373例在我院行冠脉造影术确诊为冠心病的患者,按年龄分为早发冠心病组188例(男≤55岁,女≤ 65岁)和晚发冠心病组185例,对两组患者的体重指数(BMI)、高血压病史、糖尿病史、高血脂病史、吸烟史、饮酒史、早发心血管病家族史,血脂、血糖、尿酸、胆红素水平及冠脉病变情况进行统计学分析.结果:早发冠心病组肥胖、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血脂史、早发冠心病家族史及甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、脂蛋白a(LPa)水平明显高于晚发冠心病组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);糖尿病发病率低于晚发冠心病组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);高血压发病率低于晚发冠心病组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);冠脉病变主要是单支病变多见,与晚发冠心病组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、早发心血管病家族史、高脂血症是早发冠心病的主要危险因素,故早期干预有助于降低早发冠心病发病率.早发冠心病患者以单支病变多见,故给予合理支架植入及必要的药物优化治疗,可明显的改善其预后.     

枸杞茶饮联合综合护理对非酒精性脂肪肝临床研究

目的:探讨枸杞茶饮联合综合护理治疗非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的临床效果。方法:选取60例NAFLD患者,随机分为照组和试验组,其中对照组30例,给予常规综合护理;试验组30例,在对照组基础上采用枸杞茶饮口服干预。比较两组患者的治疗效果,观察两组患者干预前后肝功能、血脂、胰岛素抵抗、脂联素、TNF-α的指标。结果:实施干预后,试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P0.05),两组患者ALT、AST、GGT、CHOL、TG、LP、HOMA-IR水平均有所下降,脂联素、TNF-α均有所升高,但试验组改善的更明显,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:枸杞茶饮联合综合护理能较好的改善NAFLD患者的生化指标,起到较好的治疗作用。     

S100A9: A Potential Biomarker for the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) has the potential to progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or to promote type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, NASH and T2DM do not always develop coordinately. Additionally, there are no definite noninvasive methods for NASH diagnosis currently. We established rat models of NAFL, NASH, and NAFL + T2DM to recapitulate different phenotypes associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression. Histologic features of rat livers were scored according to criteria established by the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network. Microarray was performed to assess gene expression changes in rat livers. We find that gene expression of s100a9 was higher in NAFL group compared with control, and was increased in NASH groups and decreased in NAFL + T2DM group compared with NAFL. In contrast, srebf1, tbx21, and gimap4 only showed limited discriminating abilities in different groups. There is a significant positive correlation between serum levels of S100A9 and NAFLD Activity Score (NAS), the severity of hepatic steatosis, and lobular inflammation (r = 0.80, 0.64 and 0.86, P < 0.001). These findings suggest that S100A9 may be extremely useful in the diagnosis of NASH (AUROC: 0.947, CI: 0.845-1.049). Additionally, serum S100A9 levels displayed a strong correlation with ALT, AST and TBil (r = 0.81, 0.89 and 0.91, P < 0.001) but a weak correlation with FBG, HOMA-IR, TG, and TC (r = -0.41, -0.40, 0.47 and 0.49, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results we provide here suggest that S100A9 may be useful as a biomarker for the hepatic and metabolic progression of NAFLD and the non-invasive diagnosis of NASH.     

LDL-Migration Index (LDL-MI), an Indicator of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein (sdLDL), Is Higher in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis than in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

Background

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased risks of atherosclerotic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. However, the difference in risk between patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has not yet been determined. Accumulating evidence has shown that high amounts of small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) are closely associated with atherosclerotic diseases. This study investigated differences in risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases, especially LDL-migration index (LDL-MI), an indicator of sdLDL, between patients with NAFL and NASH.

Methods

LDL-MI was analyzed in a primary cohort of 156 patients with NAFLD, including 53 with NAFL and 103 with NASH, and a validation cohort of 69 patients with NAFLD, including 25 with NAFL and 44 with NASH.

Results

In the primary cohort, NASH was associated with elevated LDL-MI (p = 0.039). Multiple regression analysis showed that NASH and the non-use of lipid lowering medications were independently correlated with higher LDL-MI in all patients with NAFLD. Among patients not on lipid lowering medications, those with NASH had significantly higher LDL-MI than those with NAFL (p = 0.001). These findings were confirmed in a validation cohort, in that LDL-MI was significantly higher in patients with NASH than with NAFL (p = 0.043).

Conclusion

This study is the first to show that LDL-MI, an indicator of sdLDL, was higher in patients with NASH than with NAFL, suggesting that the risk of atherosclerotic diseases may be higher in NASH than NAFL. Patients with NASH should be followed closely, especially for the progression of liver pathology and atherosclerotic diseases.

Trial Registration

UMIN000009614     

Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites as novel lipidomic biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Lipotoxicity is a key mechanism thought to be responsible for the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Noninvasive diagnosis of NASH is a major unmet clinical need, and we hypothesized that PUFA metabolites, in particular arachidonic acid (AA)-derived eicosanoids, in plasma would differentiate patients with NAFL from those with NASH. Therefore, we aimed to assess the differences in the plasma eicosanoid lipidomic profile between patients with biopsy-proven NAFL versus NASH versus normal controls without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; based on MRI fat fraction <5%). We carried out a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective nested case-control study including 10 patients with biopsy-proven NAFL, 9 patients with biopsy-proven NASH, and 10 non-NAFLD MRI-phenotyped normal controls. We quantitatively compared plasma eicosanoid and other PUFA metabolite levels between NAFL versus NASH versus normal controls. Utilizing a uniquely well-characterized cohort, we demonstrated that plasma eicosanoid and other PUFA metabolite profiling can differentiate between NAFL and NASH. The top candidate as a single biomarker for differentiating NAFL from NASH was 11,12-dihydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid (11,12-diHETrE) with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 1. In addition, we also found a panel including 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin D₂ (dhk PGD2) and 20-carboxy arachidonic acid (20-COOH AA) that demonstrated an AUROC of 1. This proof-of-concept study provides early evidence that 11,12-diHETrE, dhk PGD2, and 20-COOH AA are the leading eicosanoid candidate biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of NASH.     

肠道菌群影响非酒精性脂肪性肝病的机制及应对策略

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的发病率逐年升高,已成为最常见的肝脏疾病之一。目前其发病机制未被完全阐明,尚无有效治疗药物。肠道菌群与人体共生,作为人体的“第二基因组”,其在消化、吸收及代谢中发挥重要作用。新近研究表明,肠道菌群已成为影响NAFLD发生、进展的重要因素,肠道菌群失调和肠肝轴紊乱与非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver,NAFL)发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)、肝纤维化和肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)密切相关。因此,肠道微生态干预有望成为预防或治疗NAFLD的新手段。本综述主要探讨肠道菌群异常对NAFLD/NASH发病过程、机制的影响及干预措施。     

Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Advanced Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of T2DM on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and advanced fibrosis.Methods: A total of 221 NAFLD patients who had undergone a liver biopsy were included in this study. Subjects were divided into a non-T2DM group and a T2DM group based on glycemic control. NASH was diagnosed by the joint presence of steatosis, ballooning, and lobular inflammation. The steatosis, activity, and fibrosis (SAF) score and NAFLD activity score (NAS) were used to evaluate the severity of NAFLD. The severity of liver fibrosis was evaluated based on the fibrosis stage.Results: The total percentages of NASH and advanced fibrosis in this study were 95.0% and 50.2%, respectively. The percentages of NASH and advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients with T2DM were 96.1% and 56.5%, respectively, which were higher than those in the non-T2DM group. SAF score (especially activity and fibrosis stage) and NAS (especially ballooning) were higher in NAFLD patients with T2DM than in NAFLD patients without T2DM. Glycemic control and insulin resistance were positively associated with SAF, NAS, and fibrosis stage. Additionally, T2DM elevated the risk of a high NAS and advanced fibrosis.Conclusion: T2DM increases the risk of serious NASH and advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Liver biopsy can be performed in NAFLD patients with T2DM to confirm the stage of NAFLD. Screening of NASH and advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients with T2DM is needed.Abbreviations: ALT = alanine aminotransferase; APO = apolipoprotein; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HDL-c = high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; ¹H-MRS = proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy; HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; 2hPG = postprandial plasma glucose at 2 hours; LDL-c = low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; LFC = liver fat content; NAFLD = nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS = NAFLD activity score; NASH = nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test; OR = odds ratio; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC = total cholesterol; TG = triglyceride; SAF = steatosis, activity, and fibrosis; US-FLI = ultrasonographic fatty liver indicator     

Triglyceride Levels and Not Adipokine Concentrations Are Closely Related to Severity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in an Obesity Surgery Cohort

Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequent in obesity, the metabolic determinants of advanced liver disease remain unclear. Adipokines reflect inflammation and insulin resistance associated with obesity and may identify advanced NAFLD. At the time of obesity surgery, 142 consecutive patients underwent liver biopsy and had their preoperative demographic and clinical data obtained. Liver histology was scored by the NAFLD activity score, and patients subdivided into four groups. Concentrations of retinol‐binding protein 4 (RBP4), adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and leptin were determined ～1 week prior to surgery and results were related to liver histology. The prevalence of no NAFLD was 30%, simple steatosis 23%, borderline nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) 28%, and definitive NASH 18%. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence were 39 and 75%, respectively, and did not differ across the four histological groups (P = NS). Triglyceride (TG) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, strongly associated with advanced stages of NAFLD and NASH (P = 0.04). TG levels >150 mg/dl, increased the likelihood of NASH 3.4‐fold, whereas high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) levels predicted no NAFLD (P < 0.01). Concentrations of TNF‐α, leptin, and RBP4 did not differ among histological groups and thus did not identify NASH; however, there was a trend for adiponectin to be lower in NASH vs. no NAFLD (P = 0.061). In summary, both TG and ALT levels assist in identification of NASH in an obesity surgery cohort. These findings underscore the importance of fatty acid delivery mechanisms to NASH development in severely obese individuals.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者肠道菌群失调与肠道通透性及血清内毒素的相关性研究

目的 探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者肠道菌群失调与肠道通透性及血清内毒素的相关性.方法 选择肠道菌群中具有代表性的细菌共8种进行培养.研究对象为健康成人(A组)和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(B组)各30例,计数两组肠道菌群中8种细菌的数量,检测所有被研究者的血清内毒素、二胺氧化酶(DAO)、D-乳酸及TNF-α的浓度,比较两组细菌数量和血清指标的变化,并进行相关分析.结果 与A组比较,B组双歧杆菌、乳杆菌和拟杆菌的菌落数显著减少(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而肠球菌、肠杆菌的菌落数则有显著增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);酵母真菌、葡萄球菌、梭菌菌落数没有发生显著改变(P＞0.05);血清内毒素、DAO、D-乳酸、TNF-α水平显著增高(P＜0.01);相关分析显示肠杆菌与内毒素、DAO、D-乳酸相关(r=0.644,P＜0.001;r=0.415,P=0.023;r =0.383,P=0.037);血清内毒素和DAO、D-乳酸、TNF-α显著相关(r=0.485,P=0.007;r=0.477,P=0.008;r=0.490,P=0.006);TNF-α则与DAO、D-乳酸相关(r=0.426,P =0.019;r =0.440,P=0.015).结论 非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者存在肠道菌群失调、肠道通透性增高及肠源性内毒素血症,肠杆菌的过度生长与肠源性内毒素血症及肠道通透性密切相关.     

达格列净对2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者血清FGF-21水平的影响

摘要 目的：分析血清成纤维细胞生长因子-21（FGF-21）与2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）患者常见指标及NAFLD纤维化评分（NFS）的相关性,进一步探讨达格列净对T2DM合并NAFLD患者血清FGF-21水平的影响。方法：选取2022年1月至2022年6月徐州医科大学附属徐州市立医院收治的80例T2DM合并NAFLD患者为研究对象（T2DM合并NAFLD组）,选择同期80例T2DM不合并NAFLD患者为T2DM组。收集腰围（WC）、身高、体重数据,计算体重指数（BMI）。测定空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、肌酐（Cr）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST ）、白蛋白（Alb）、血小板计数（PLT）等指标,计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、NFS。采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法测定FGF-21水平。比较T2DM组和T2DM合并NAFLD组各项指标的差异,探讨血清FGF-21水平与T2DM合并NAFLD患者其他指标的相关性,Logistic回归分析T2DM合并NAFLD的影响因素,受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析各影响因素对T2DM合并NAFLD的诊断价值。将80例T2DM合并NAFLD患者按随机数字表法随机分为二甲双胍组和达格列净组各40例,治疗前后观测各项指标变化,并密切监测不良反应。结果：T2DM合并NAFLD组患者WC、BMI、FINS、HbA1c、TG、AST、ALT、HOMA-IR、NFS及FGF-21均高于 T2DM组（P＜0.05）。相关性分析显示,FGF-21水平与T2DM合并NAFLD组患者WC、BMI、HbA1c、TG、HOMA-IR、NFS均存在正相关（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,BMI、HbA1c、FGF-21、HOMA-IR为影响T2DM患者合并NAFLD的危险因素。ROC曲线分析显示,BMI、HbA1c、FGF-21、HOMA-IR对T2DM合并NAFLD均具有一定预测价值,其中以FGF-21的预测效能最佳。治疗后,达格列净组TG、AST、ALT、NFS、FGF-21水平较二甲双胍组降低更为明显（P＜0.05）。结论：血清FGF-21水平为T2DM合并NAFLD的危险因素,参与了T2DM合并NAFLD发病及进展,且对T2DM合并NAFLD有较好的预测效能。相较于二甲双胍,达格列净可明显降低T2DM合并NAFLD患者血清FGF-21水平并改善NFS,具有一定程度的肝脏保护作用。