共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 765 毫秒
1.
在岷江上游干旱河谷岷江柏木幼林地经过连续4 a利用雨季种植绿肥压青,增加土壤肥力,提高水分利用率,促进幼树生长研究。结果表明:(1)种植红豆草的土壤0~40 cm含水量旱季增加3.68 g·kg-1,0~20 cm土壤容重降低0.07 g·cm-3;种植草木樨土壤0~40 cm含水量旱季增加4.18 g·kg-1,0~20 cm土壤容重降低0.05 g·cm-3;种植沙打旺土壤0~40 cm含水量增加2.46 g.kg-1,0~20 cm土壤容重降低0.18 g·cm-3。(2)种植绿肥压青,土壤有机质增加0.37 g·kg-1~0.55 g·kg-1,土壤CaCO3含量下降0.66 g·kg-1~1.36 g·kg-1,有效氮增加4.5 mg·kg-1~18.5 mg·kg-1,有效磷含量增加1.0~3.46 mg·kg-1,CEC比对照增加0.54~0.58mg.100g-1。(3)种植红豆草、草木樨、沙打旺绿肥压青对岷江柏木树高、地径生长有显著的促进作用,尤其种植红豆草的岷江柏木幼树生长最好,高、径生长为对照的1.7倍和1.6倍。 相似文献
2.
3.
干旱地带侧柏幼林地绿肥种植研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
经过连续4a在干旱地带抗逆性树种侧柏幼林地上利用雨季种植绿肥压青,增加土壤肥力,提高水分利用率,促进幼树生长研究,结果表明:(1)种植红豆草的土壤0~40cm含水量旱季增加3.68g.kg-1,0~20cm土壤容重降低0.07g.cm-3;种植草木樨土壤0~40cm含水量旱季增加4.18g.kg-1,0~20cm土壤容重降低0.05g.cm-3;种植沙打旺土壤0~40cm含水量增加2.46g.kg-1,0~20cm土壤容重降低0.18g.cm-3。(2)种植绿肥压青,土壤有机质增加0.37g.kg-1~0.55g.kg-1,土壤CaCO3含量下降0.66g.kg-1~1.36g.kg-1,有效氮增加4.5mg.kg-1~18.5mg.kg-1,有效磷含量增加1.0mg.kg-1~3.46mg.kg-1,CEC比对照增加0.54mg.kg-1~0.58mg.100g-1。(3)种植红豆草、草木樨、沙打旺绿肥压青对抗逆性树种侧柏树高、地径生长有显著的促进作用,尤其种植红豆草的侧柏幼树生长最好,高、径生长为对照的1.7倍和1.6倍。 相似文献
4.
研究了不同促根剂和不同基质配方对斑叶海桐扦插苗及容器苗的生根和新梢生长的影响.结果表明:发根率和新梢生长量以ABT1号生根粉1000mg/kg和“森生1号”500mg/kg速蘸2s为较佳,比对照分别增加44.4%和36.1%,发根率分别达到86.67%和81.67%,而对照仅为60%;基质配方B1、B2、B3依次排列,对斑叶海桐的新梢和根系生长有明显的促进作用. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
经过连续6a对岷江上游干旱河谷油松刺槐混交林分的土壤水分、养分、理化性质及林冠结构和效益研究,结果表明:(1)混交林土壤0~40 cm平均含水量比油松纯林增加0.91 g·kg-1、比刺槐纯林增加0.55 g·kg-1;(2)混交林18年后土壤容重比油松纯林减少0.13 g·cm-3、比刺槐纯林土壤容重减少0.10 g·cm-3;(3)混交林土壤有机质比纯林增加0.54 mg.kg-1~1.48 mg·kg-1、土壤碳酸钙含量比纯林减少0.43 mg·kg-1~1.09 mg.kg-1、土壤有效氮比纯林增加6.4 mg·kg-1~19.4 mg·kg-1、土壤有效磷比纯林增加0.36 mg·kg-1~1.37 mg·kg-1、土壤有效钾比纯林减少6.90 mg·kg-1~23.90 mg·kg-1,土壤CEC含量比纯林增加0.23 mg·100 g-1~0.85 mg·100 g-1;(4)混交林林冠面积、林冠厚度、林冠水分截留率分别比纯林提高47.83%~78.95%、40.63%~73.08%、6.15%~8.32%,枯落物饱和持水量是纯林的1.62倍~4.22倍;(5)混交林中油松的树高、胸径比纯林分别提高24.7%和27.35%,混交林年均利润是纯林的7.12倍。 相似文献
8.
采用绿色植物生长调节剂GGR进行欧美108杨扦插育苗试验,结果表明,GGR6号和GGR10号500mg·kg-1处理插穗,均能有效促进欧美108杨的地径和高生长,提高了成活率,各处理间苗高、成活率差异达显著水平,地径达到极显著水平,但以GGR6号效果最好,高生长比对照增加17.6%,地径生长较对照增加34.5%,扦插育... 相似文献
9.
以"红提"葡萄为试材,通过随机区组试验设计,分析了葡萄专用肥使用量对"红提"葡萄新梢生长和产量的影响。结果表明,葡萄专用有机肥施用量为6kg/株时,新梢长度及新梢节间长度达到了最大值,分别为92.34cm、15.56cm,分别比对照提高了19.39%、39.91%。对照新梢粗度最小为0.58cm,施肥量为8kg/株时,单粒质量、单穗质量、单位面积产量均达到了最大值,分别为11.43g、835.68g、32 696.64kg/hm~2,分别比对照提高45.60%、19.51%、30.22%。多重比较结果表明,当施肥量在6~8kg/株时,新梢生长及产量差异不显著,生产上建议葡萄专用有机肥施用量为6kg/株。 相似文献
10.
沼肥连续2a在枣树上应用表明:使用沼肥的枣树叶色浓绿,叶片厚而亮,新梢平均生长量分别比施用磷酸二氢钾和对照增长5.6cm和7.3cm;施用沼肥、磷酸二氢钾和对照平均单果质量分别为14.1、13-3和11.1g;施沼肥处理单株产量比对照增产16.29%,施磷酸二氢钾单株产量与对照比增产14.38%.从外观上看,施用沼肥与... 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
15.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
16.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
19.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):139-149
Mean age, mean and top heights and yield were studied in 20 mixed stands of birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth) and Picea abies (L.) Karst. and nine mixed stands of birch and Pinus sylvestris L. in south-eastern Norway. Each mixed stand and the adjacent pure coniferous stand (control) were growing under the same site conditions and had not been commercially thinned. There were no significant differences in mean age at breast height or in top heights between birch and conifers in the mixed stands, while mean height was significantly higher for birch than for spruce. A growth index was calculated based on total volume and age at breast height. For the spruce sites the growth in young mixed stands (birch < 17 m) was superior to that of pure spruce, while the difference was insignificant in older stands. The growth index correlated positively with the ratio between generatively and vegetatively regenerated birch trees, and negatively with the age of the oldest species in the mixture and with site quality. For the pine sites there was no significant difference in the growth index between mixed birch-pine and pure pine stands. A mixture effect of birch on the volume yield of spruce or pine could not be demonstrated. 相似文献
20.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):150-157
An outbreak of the needle-shortening pine gall midge, Thecodiplosis brachyntera , occurred on Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris (L.) and lodgepole pine, P. contorta (Dougl.) in central Sweden during 1995-1998. The larval feeding of T. brachyntera kills current-year needles and heavy infestation causes severe defoliation. A pattern of fluctuating defoliation among years and sites was found on both pine species. Defoliation was evenly distributed in the crown of P. sylvestris during years of high as well as low infestation; apical whorls had as much defoliation as basal whorls. In P. contorta , however, there was a tendency for defoliation to be concentrated on branches in the most apical whorls. Growth ring increments on P. sylvestris with high levels of defoliation (71%) did not differ from trees with moderate levels (26%) of defoliation. Shoot lengths were significantly shorter, however, on heavily infested trees the year after defoliation. 相似文献