高压氧综合治疗鼻咽癌患者放射性脑损伤26例

INTRODUCTION Because nasopharynx is near to base of skull,radiation therapy might cause radiating brain injury that will influence patient's life quality.     

通用痛风汤合甲氨喋呤对类风湿关节炎关节肿胀疼痛的疗效观察

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) causes joint injury,abnormality,and dysfunction,and disability.Patients' quality of life and labor ability are seriously affected.No effective interventions are now available.In this study, we treated RA by combined therapy of traditional medicine and western medicine,which relieved arthroncus and pain.Clinical effects are satisfying.Here is the report.     

Radiation recall dermatitis with dabrafenib and trametinib: A case report

BACKGROUND Radiation recall dermatitis has been defined as the "recalling" by skin of previous radiation exposure in response to the administration of certain response-inducing drugs. Although the phenomenon is relatively well known in the medical world,an exact cause has not been documented.CASE SUMMARY Here, we report the rare occurrence of radiation recall dermatitis after palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases in a metastatic melanoma patient treated with a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib.CONCLUSION We present a case of radiation recall dermatitis after completion of palliative radiotherapy while being treated with a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib. This is a very rare toxic event, and there is insufficient data to describe prevention strategies. Increased awareness and reporting of cases will help to better explain the association between targeted therapy and the radiation recall phenomenon.     

Recombinant Apo-2L induced apoptosis in glioma cell lines

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most commonprimary malignant brain tumor in adults is associated witha poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment withsurgical tumor debulking, radiation, and chemotherapy.Novel approaches including gene therapy provide newalternatives in the treatment of GBM. Apo-2 ligand(Apo-2L), a novel cytokine, is a member of the tumor     

后程适形放射治疗联合化学疗法治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效观察

目的 探讨后程适形放射治疗(3 dimensional cornformal radiation therapy,3D-CRT)同步化学疗法治疗Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung cancer,NS4CLC)的近期疗效.方法 搜集2005年1月-2008年6月NSCLC患者共115例,其中53例行...     

38例高龄早中期食管癌三维适形放疗疗效观察

食管癌三维适形放疗(three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy,3DCRT)临床应用越来越广泛,但病期不同,预后相差较大,而早中期食管癌大多选择手术治疗.本组38例高龄食管癌患者均由于各种原因不愿或无法耐受手术,选择3DCRT后取得较好的近期疗效,现总结如下.     

Improvement of hyperlipemia by hemodilution therapy

Background:Hemodilution therapy changes cellular ultrastructure and decreased serum concentration of various constitutes of patients with hyperlipemia through self－ blood transfusion under ultraviolet radiation and infusion of oxgen. Objective:To investigate influence of hemodilution on hyperlipemia. Design:Level of Blood lipid before and after hemodilution was measured in 48 patients with hyperlipemia. Unit:Out－ patient department, 251th Hospital of China People's Liberation Army. Subje…     

晚期非小细胞肺癌放射治疗联合靶向治疗效果分析

目的 评价放疗联合表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKI)靶向治疗Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及安全性.方法 26例NSCLC患者.其中骨转移16例,脑转移10例.放疗部位包括肺原发灶及骨、脑转移灶,放疗期间同时服用吉非替尼250 mg每天1次,或厄洛替尼150 mg每天1次,直至肿瘤进展或出现不可耐受的副作用.结果 所有患者在放疗期间均能完成放疗联合靶向治疗,12例患者出现腹泻,8例伴发呕吐,12例合并有皮疹.放疗前按美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分平均为3分,放疗后为2分.骨转移局部控制率为93.8%(15/16),脑转移灶控制率为70.0%(7/10),肺部6个月局部控制率为84.6%(22/26).结论 针对Ⅳ期NSCLC,姑息性放疗联合靶向治疗是有效而安全的治疗方法,其对生存时间的影响需要进一步观察.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiation combined with targeted therapy of EGFR-TKI in the patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC). Methods There were 17 female and 9 male patients with NSCLC enrolled into this study, which included 19 adenocarcinoma, 4 alveolar carcinoma and 3 uncertain carcinoma according to the iconography findings. Sixteen patients suffered from single or multiple bone metastasis,and 10 cases with brain metastasis. Gefitinib 250 mg or Erlotinib ISO mg per day were administrated during and after the process of radiation until the disease progressed. Results All patients had complete combined therapy, 12 of them suffered from diarrhea, 8 from emesia and 12 from erythra. The average score of ECOG improved from 3 to 2 after combined therapy. The bone metastasis control rate was 93.8% ,brain metastasis control rate was 70.0% , and the 6-month local lung lumps control rate was 84. 6%. Conclusion Palliative radiation combined with targeted therapy of EGFR-TKI is an effect and safe therapy for the patients with the stage IV of NSCLC, but the influence on survival shall be observed in further study.     

调强放射治疗鼻咽癌患者的护理

鼻咽癌是我国最常见的头颈部恶性肿瘤,治疗上以放射治疗(放疗)为主,局部复发及远处转移是其治疗失败的主要原因。为进一步提高鼻咽癌的局部控制率和降低远处转移率,我院于2004年10月起将目前国际上最先进的放疗手段———调强放射治疗(intensity modulated radiation therapy,I     

调强放射治疗患者的健康教育

调强放射治疗(intensity modulated radiation therapy, IMRT)是以精确计划,精确定位,精确治疗为特征的新的放射治疗技术,可使靶区接受剂量最大,靶区周围正常组织受量最小,以增加肿瘤控制率,减少正常组织的损伤,改善患者生存质量,已成为21世纪放射治疗的发展方向。2004     

增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩中蛋白激酶A活性测定

目的测定增生性瘢痕(hypertrophicscar,HS)、瘢痕疙瘩(keliod,K)、成熟瘢痕、健康人皮肤和增生程度减轻的增生性瘢痕组织中PKA活性。方法用32P掺入底物法测定组织中的蛋白激酶A(PKA)活性。结果各种组织中PKA活性没有变化。结论瘢痕增生可能与PKA信号通道没有活化有关。     

放射性膀胱炎出血患者44例治疗体会

目的 探讨放射性膀胱炎出血的治疗方法。方法 放射性膀胱炎出血患者44例。治疗采用分步进行，未愈者进入下一步治疗。第一步：基本治疗，给予妊马雌酮口服5mg／d或静脉滴注1mg／kg及对症治疗。止血后继续口服妊马雌酮1．25mg/d。第二步：高压氧治疗。第三步：经尿道电凝治疗。第四步：膀胱灌注1％福尔马林或开放手术治疗，采用临时性尿流改道术加膀胱填塞绷带或选择性栓塞双侧膀胱动脉。结果 经第一步治疗后，治愈22例，治愈率50％(22／44)；11例缓解；11例无效。第二步治疗，16例治愈，治愈率72．7％(16／22)；4例缓解；2例无效。经前两步治疗后，总治愈率达86．4％(38／44)。第三步治疗，3例治愈，治愈率50％(3／6)；2例缓解；1例无效。经三步治疗后，总治愈率达93．2％(41／44)。未愈3例分别进行介入、膀胱灌注和开放手术治疗，均治愈。经四步治疗后，治愈率达100％。结论 采用妊马雌酮、高压氧疗、经尿道电凝、栓塞双侧膀胱动脉(或膀胱灌注、开放手术)的四步疗法，分步治疗放射性膀胱炎出血，疗效满意。     

中西医结合物理疗法治疗颈椎病101例

BACKGROUND:Singletractionorphysicaltherapysuchahighfrequency,middlefrequencycurrenttherapyandinfra-redradiationarethoughtastheroutinetreatmentofcervicalspondylopathbutlateresultisnotsatisfying.TheeffectoftreatmentoftraditionaChinesemedicineandWesternmedicinecombinedwithphysicatherapyisstillnotensured.OBJECTIVE:ToinvestigatetheeffectoftraditionalChinesmedicineandWesternmedicinecombinedwithphysicaltherapyonpatientswithcervicalspondylopathy.UNIT:DepartmentofPhysicalRehabilitation,Cent…     

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy in gynecologic malignancies: current status and future directions

Radiation therapy is used as either definitive or adjuvant therapy following surgery in many gynecologic malignancies. Though effective, radiation therapy is limited by the adverse sequelae that result from normal tissues receiving external-beam radiation. A novel approach, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, can overcome these limitations by sparing the tissue surrounding the malignancy through conforming the dose to the shape of the target in three dimensions. This review provides an overview of current use, published research, and ongoing studies of intensity-modulated radiation therapy.     

Radiation therapy treatment planning and delivery

OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of radiation therapy treatment planning and delivery, and discuss technologic advances and their importance in present and future oncologic care. DATA SOURCES: Radiation oncology textbooks and radiation physics and treatment planning textbooks. CONCLUSIONS: The increased sophistication and complex abilities of modern radiation therapy planning and delivery are steadily improving cancer treatment outcomes and quality of life. Radiation is now an essential and integral part of cancer care and may be used alone or as part of combined modality therapy. Further technologic advances will allow improvement in the ability of radiation therapy to cure cancer and improve quality of life for an ever-increasing variety of patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Oncology nurses with an understanding of the components of radiation treatment plans and their delivery will be able to provide appropriate education for patients offered radiation and prepare them for the lengthy and complex process of radiation therapy.     

Coronary artery calcium in breast cancer survivors after radiation therapy

The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether breast cancer survivors after radiation therapy have a higher burden of coronary artery calcium as a potential surrogate of radiation-induced accelerated coronary artery disease. 333 patients were included. 54 patients underwent chest CT?≥?6 months after the start of radiation therapy (radiation therapy group), while 279 patients had a CT scan either prior to or without undergoing radiation therapy (RT). Coronary artery calcium was quantified from CT by applying a threshold-based automated algorithm. Mean age at diagnosis was similar (p?=?0.771) between RT (57.4?±?13.1 years) and NoRT (58.0?±?11.9 years). Median time between radiation therapy and CT was 2 years. The groups showed no significant differences in race, smoking history, cancer laterality, or cancer stage. 39 (72.2%) of RT patients had a coronary artery calcium score of 0, compared to 201 (72.0%) in patients without radiation therapy. Median coronary artery calcium burden for both groups was not significantly different (p?=?0.982), nor when comparing patients who underwent left- versus right-sided radiation therapy (p?=?0.453). When adjusting for the time between diagnosis and CT, radiation therapy patients had a significantly lower risk of a positive coronary artery calcium score. In conclusion, breast cancer survivors after radiation therapy are not more likely to show coronary artery calcium on follow-up CT imaging. Our results thus do not support radiation-induced accelerated coronary artery disease as an explanation for higher rates of heart disease in this group.     

Testicular seminoma: effectiveness of primary radiation therapy

We retrospectively studied 44 patients with testicular seminoma treated with primary radiation therapy at the Bowman Gray School of Medicine from 1972 through 1982. The 26 patients with stage I disease received infradiaphragmatic irradiation. Eleven of the 12 with stage II disease, the three with stage III disease, and three with retroperitoneal disease received irradiation to the mediastinum and infradiaphragmatic area. The three-year survival rate without evidence of disease was 100% for stage I. For stage II, the rate was 92% with radiation therapy alone and 100% with salvage therapy. In two patients with stage III disease radiation therapy failed, but both had bulky abdominal disease. Only one died of seminoma. One of the patients with retroperitoneal tumor had unsuccessful radiation therapy but was salvaged with chemotherapy. Neither the diagnosis of anaplastic seminoma in nine patients nor elevated preorchiectomy beta-HCG levels in four patients affected their prognosis. In our series, primary radiation therapy with proper salvage therapy yielded 98% survival.     

直肠癌术后复发患者行三维适形放疗加同步化疗的实验研究

目的：探讨三维适形放疗治疗直肠癌术后复发的优越性。方法：选取直肠癌术后复发需行放疗的患者60例,随机分为常规放疗组和三维适形放疗组,每组30例,两组均给予同步化疗,对比两组生存率、放化疗反应发生率及严重程度。结果：与常规放疗组比较,三维适形放疗组可明显提高患者第1,3年生存率（P〈0．05）,且可降低放射性皮肤反应,消化道、泌尿系放疗反应两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：对于术后复发的直肠癌患者行三维适形照射优于以往常规照射方式。     

Intraoperative delivery of cell-killing boost radiation – a review of current and future methods

Techniques for intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), the applications of tumor bed radiation immediately after surgery or utilising intracavitary access, have evolved in recent years. They are designed to substitute or complement conventional external beam radiation therapy in selected patients. IORT has become an excellent treatment option because of good long-term therapy outcomes. The combination of IORT with external beam radiation therapy has the potential to improve local control. The purpose of this paper is to present IORT techniques using gamma and electronic sources, as well as more conventional nuclide-based approaches and to evaluate their effectiveness. Common techniques for radiation of tumor cavities are listed and compared. Radionuclide IORT methods are represented by balloon and hybrid multi-catheter devices in combination with appropriate afterloaders. Electron beam therapy dedicated for use as intraoperative radiation system is reviewed and miniature x-ray sources in electronic radiation therapy are presented. These systems could further simplify IORT, because they are easy to use and require no shielding due to their relatively low photon energies. In combination with additional imaging techniques (MRI, US, CT and NucMed) the application of these miniature x-ray sources or catheter-based nuclide therapies could be the future of IORT.     

Radiation therapy in childhood cancer

OBJECTIVES: To review treatment-related issues and acute and late side effects of radiation therapy for the treatment of childhood malignancies. DATA SOURCES: Research and review articles, oncology textbooks, and clinical experience. CONCLUSIONS: Radiation therapy is a key component in the treatment of childhood malignancies. Children receiving radiation have special nursing care needs that are dependent on growth and developmental issues. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses play an important role in the education of families and children receiving radiation therapy. In addition, nurses are key in the management of acute and late toxicities from childhood radiation therapy.