依普黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的防治作用

目的观察依普黄酮对骨质疏松的防治作用。方法60只SD雌性大鼠,随机分为6组:假手术组,阴性对照组,雌激素组和依普黄酮低、中、高剂量组。除假手术组,其余大鼠经腹腔手术切除双侧卵巢建立去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松动物模型。雌激素组和依普黄酮低、中、高剂量组分别给予17β-雌二醇10μg·kg-1·d-1,依普黄酮50、100、200mg·kg-1·d-1,持续12wk。观察各组骨密度,骨组织形态计量,骨钙、羟脯氨酸含量以及生物力学指标。结果与假手术组比较,其他各组大鼠骨密度、骨钙、骨羟脯氨酸含量均显著下降(P<0.05),股骨的力学性能有较大变化,弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量明显降低(P<0.05)。与阴性对照组比较,依普黄酮各组大鼠骨密度、骨钙、骨羟脯氨酸含量显著提高(P<0.01),且存在一定的剂量-效应关系,同时弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量明显增加。结论依普黄酮对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠具有显著的骨保护效应。     

玉米赤酶烯酮对大鼠子宫雌激素受体影响的探讨

目的探讨玉米赤霉烯酮对子宫雌激素受体的影响及其雌激素样作用机制。方法 30只大鼠行双侧去卵巢手术后随机分为阴性对照组（蒸馏水）、低,中、高剂量玉米赤霉烯酮组（0.01mg/kg、0.05mg/kg、0.20mg/kg）和阳性对照组（0.08mkg雌二醇）,连续用药3d后取子宫,采用放射性配基结合分析法和雌激素受体结合试验检测雌激素受体数量。结果玉米赤霉烯酮各浓度组放射活性与阴性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P≤0.05）。玉米赤霉烯酮各浓度组雌激素受体数量与阴性对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P≥0.05）。结论玉米赤霉烯酮可能是通过影响雌二醇与雌激素受体结合和雌激素受体的数量显示雌激素样作用。     

依普拉芬对去卵巢大鼠血清一氧化氮及一氧化氮合酶的影响

目的 探讨人工合成的植物雌激素依普拉芬对去卵巢大鼠血清一氧化氮及一氧化氮合酶合酶的影响.方法 6个月龄雌性SD大鼠60只分为假手术组(10只SD大鼠)和去卵巢组(50只);再将去卵巢大鼠分为阴性对照组,依普拉芬高、中、低剂量组和雌激素对照组(各10只),分别给予基础饲料和不同剂量的依普拉芬,12周后测定血清NO及NOS.结果 与假手术组相比,去卵巢大鼠阴性对照组血清NO及NOS明显降低,依普拉芬组高于阴性对照组,与假手术组比较差异无统计学意义.同时低于雌激素组.结论 NO及NOS参与了骨质疏松的病理生理过程;依普拉芬可以通过提高去卵巢大鼠血清NO及NOS浓度达到防治绝经后骨质疏松症的作用.     

雌激素对血管平滑肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 :观察雌激素对血管平滑肌细胞 (SMC)凋亡的影响。方法 :以大鼠为对象 ,观察正常对照组、去卵巢组及去卵巢 +雌二醇治疗组大鼠血管平滑肌细胞凋亡的关系。结果 :雌二醇治疗组血管平滑肌细胞凋亡较去卵巢组相比明显减少(P>0 .0 5 ) ,与正常对照组比较差别无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :雌二醇对血管平滑肌细胞的凋亡有抑制作用 ,可能是其预防动脉粥样硬化的机制     

玛咖醇提取物对去卵巢大鼠内分泌激素及血脂水平的影响

目的:研究南美植物玛咖的醇提取物对去卵巢大鼠内分泌激素以及血脂水平的影响.方法:采用双侧卵巢切除术制备去卵巢大鼠模型,造模2周后大鼠灌胃给予玛咖醇提取物,剂量以干粉计分别为1.25和0.5 g·kg-1,qd,连续给药7个月.同时设假手术组、去卵巢模型组(均给予等体积的0.1%聚山梨酯'80)和阳性对照组(给予己烯雌酚0.05 mg·kg-1,隔日一次,连续灌胃7个月).给药3和7个月末测定大鼠血清内分泌激素雌二醇(E2)、睾丸酮(T)和卵泡刺激素(FSH)以及血脂水平.结果:与模型组比较,给药7个月后玛咖醇提取物高、低剂量组的血清FSH均显著降低(P<0.01),低剂量组的大鼠血清E2水平显著升高(P<0.01),但血清T值无显著改变.玛咖醇提取物对血清胆固醇水平具有一定的降低作用,血清三酰甘油在治疗中期呈现上升趋势,而在治疗末期又恢复正常.结论:玛咖醇提取物对去卵巢大鼠内分泌失调具有一定的改善作用.     

雌激素类药物对去卵巢大鼠生殖内分泌免疫的影响

目的 研究雌激素类药物对去卵巢大鼠生殖内分泌免疫系统的影响.方法 48只3～5个月龄雌性SD大鼠随机均分为8组:(1)去卵巢(OVX)组;(2)假手术(S)组;(3)去卵巢后戊酸雌二醇治疗组(A);(4)去卵巢后半量戊酸雌二醇 半量大豆异黄酮治疗组(B);(5)去卵巢后半量戊酸雌二醇 全量大豆异黄酮治疗组(C);(6)去卵巢后大豆异黄酮治疗组(D);(7)去卵巢后雷洛昔芬治疗组(E);(8)去卵巢后7-甲基异炔诺酮治疗组(F).灌服药物12周后,处死动物前腹主动脉取血,处死时留取动物子宫、肾上腺、脾脏、胸腺等生殖内分泌免疫器官.分别检测各组血清雌二醇(E2)水平和T淋巴细胞亚群 CD3 、CD4 及CD4 /CD8 表达,以及各组生殖内分泌免疫器官的重量.结果 (1)OVX组E2水平较S组明显降低(P＜0.05);A、B、C组E2水平较OVX组明显增加(P＜0.01);A组E2水平较S组明显增加(P＜0.05).(2)OVX组CD3 、CD4 及CD4 /CD8 与S组比较明显降低(P＜0.01);各用药组CD3 、CD4 值均较OVX组明显增加(P＜0.05).(3)OVX组子宫、肾上腺、脾脏、胸腺的重量较S组明显降低(P＜0.05); A、B、C、F组子宫、肾上腺、胸腺重量较OVX组明显增加(P＜0.05).结论 雌激素类药物可增强去卵巢大鼠生殖内分泌免疫系统的功能.     

雌激素水平对肾血管性高血压大鼠肾功能及氧化应激的影响

目的研究雌激素水平对肾血管性高血压大鼠肾功能及氧化应激的影响。方法取10周龄雌性Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠,狭窄一侧肾动脉建立肾血管性高血压模型,雌性高血压大鼠切除双侧卵巢建立雌激素低下模型,去势高血压大鼠补充雌二醇建立雌激素治疗组。将其随机分为雌性假手术组、雌性手术组、雌性手术去势组和雌激素治疗组。手术32周后进行颈动脉插管测定收缩压,全自动生化仪测定血清中的尿素氮(BUN)和血肌酐(Scr)水平;WST-1法测定肾脏组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平;TBA法测定肾脏组织中的丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果雌激素治疗组Scr水平明显高于假手术组、雌性手术组和雌性手术去势组(P<0.05);与假手术组和雌性手术去势组比较,雌激素治疗组BUN水平显著升高(P<0.01)。雌激素治疗组SOD水平明显低于假手术组和雌性手术去势组(P<0.05,P<0.01),MDA水平明显升高(P<0.05)。结论雌性肾血管性高血压大鼠切除双侧卵巢致雌激素水平低下后,补充雌激素治疗可加重肾血管性高血压大鼠肾功能损伤程度和氧化应激水平。     

当归芍药散对围绝经期模型大鼠子宫结构及雌激素受体表达的影响

目的:探讨当归芍药散(DSS)对围绝经期模型大鼠子宫结构及子宫腔上皮和基质中雌激素受体α(ERα)、雌激素受体β(ERβ)表达的影响。方法:将40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(生理盐水)、模型组(生理盐水)和DSS低、中、高剂量组(1.94、3.87、7.44 g/kg),每组8只。除假手术组大鼠切除卵巢附近脂肪外,其余各组大鼠切除双侧卵巢以建立围绝经期模型。造模成功后,大鼠每天ig给药1次,连续8周。给药结束后,称定大鼠子宫湿质量,观察大鼠子宫形态和结构的变化,测定子宫腔上皮及基质中ERα、ERβ表达水平。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠子宫内膜柱状上皮呈低柱状,固有层、肌层与浆膜层均显著萎缩,基质细胞可见明显核固缩,子宫湿质量、宫腔面积、内膜厚度及腺体数量均显著减少(P<0.01),子宫腔上皮及基质中ERα、ERβ表达水平均显著降低(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,DSS各剂量组大鼠子宫内膜及固有层萎缩程度差异无统计学意义,但固有层内腺体丰富,子宫湿质量、宫腔面积、内膜厚度以及子宫腔上皮和基质中ERα表达水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但DSS中、高剂量组大鼠子宫腺体数量显著增加(P<0.01),DSS高剂量组大鼠子宫腔上皮及基质中ERβ表达水平显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:DSS对围绝经期模型大鼠子宫腺体萎缩症状的改善作用不明显,但可增加模型大鼠的腺体数量,这可能与提高子宫腔上皮及基质中ERβ表达水平有关。     

依普拉芬对去卵巢大鼠血清一氧化氮及一氧化氮合酶的影响

目的探讨人工合成的植物雌激素依普拉芬对去卵巢大鼠血清一氧化氮及一氧化氮合酶合酶的影响。方法6个月龄雌性SD大鼠60只分为假手术组（10只SD大鼠）和去卵巢组（50只）;再将去卵巢大鼠分为阴性对照组,依普拉芬高、中、低剂量组和雌激素对照组（各10只）,分别给予基础饲料和不同剂量的依普拉芬,12周后测定血清NO及NOS。结果与假手术组相比,去卵巢大鼠阴性对照组血清NO及NOS明显降低,依普拉芬组高于阴性对照组,与假手术组比较差异无统计学意义。同时低于雌激素组。结论NO及NOS参与了骨质疏松的病理生理过程;依普拉芬可以通过提高去卵巢大鼠血清NO及NOS浓度达到防治绝经后骨质疏松症的作用。     

雌激素对大鼠主动脉组织细胞色素C、线粒体Ca2+、胞浆游离Ca2+水平的影响

目的:研究雌激素对大鼠主动脉组织细胞色素C、线粒体Ca2 、胞浆游离Ca2 水平的影响,以探讨雌激素对心血管系统的保护作用.方法:将30只雌性大鼠随机分为三个组,假手术组(A组)、去卵巢组(B组)及去卵巢 雌二醇治疗组(C组),每组各10只.正常饮食后处死大鼠,对主动脉组织细胞色素C、线粒体Ca2 、胞浆游离Ca2 的水平进行测定.结果:去卵巢模型组同去卵巢 雌二醇治疗组相比,线粒体Ca2 、细胞色素C含量明显降低(P＜0.05;P＜0.01),而胞浆内细胞色素C含量则明显升高(P＜0.05).结论: 雌激素可能是通过调节细胞色素C、线粒体Ca2 、胞浆游离Ca2 水平,清除自由基、从而减少氧化应激对心血管系统的损伤作用.     

The effects of lead exposure on placental NF-κB expression and the consequences for gestation

The present study was designed to investigate the toxicity of lead exposure on the placenta at different dosages and the relationship with placental expression of NF-κB. A total of 67 unrelated Han Chinese pregnant women and 108 Wistar rats were included in this study. The rats were randomly divided into four groups for consumption of water with or without 0.025% lead acetate during various gestational periods; blood samples and placenta were harvested for analysis. Blood lead content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Placental NF-κB expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Placental cytoarchitecture was examined by histopathology and electronic microscopy. Fetal body weight, body length and placental weight was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the lead-exposed rats compared to controls. Maternal blood lead levels in the rats negatively correlated with placental weight (r = 0.652, p < 0.01). Rat placenta showed focal necrosis in the decidua with trophoblast degeneration and fibrin deposition. Mitochondria were swollen and decreased in number, rough endoplasmic reticula were distended and ribosomal number on membranes decreased. In the human placenta, we did not find abnormal cytoarchitecture. On the other hand, placental expression of NF-κB in lead-exposed rats was significantly higher than that in controls and the expression of NF-κB in human placenta was positively correlated with maternal blood lead levels (r = 0.663, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that lead exposure at various gestational periods produce varied effects, with NF-κB activation following lead exposure. Injury to cytoplasmic organelles may interfere with the nutrition and oxygen exchange between mother and fetus, which may be contribute to abnormal pregnancy outcomes.     

褐藻多糖硫酸酯对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后的神经保护作用

目的探讨褐藻多糖硫酸酯（FPS）对脑缺血再灌注损伤的神经保护作用及可能机制。方法将48只大鼠按照随机数字表法分为假手术组、大脑中动脉栓塞（MCAO）组、FPS低剂量组（MCAO＋FPS 50 mg/kg）、FPS高剂量组（MCAO＋FPS 100 mg/kg）,每组12只。假手术组大鼠只分离右侧颈总动脉及颈内外动脉,MCAO组、FPS低剂量组、FPS高剂量组采用线栓法制作大脑中动脉栓塞模型,缺血2 h后再灌注后FPS低、高剂量组予鼠尾静脉注射FPS50、100 mg/kg。对所有大鼠按照Longa标准进行神经功能评分;采用TTC法测量脑梗死体积;蛋白印迹法测定Nrf2蛋白的表达。结果与MCAO组比较,FPS低、高剂量组大鼠神经功能评分明显降低、转录因子NF-E2相关因子2（NF-E2-related factor 2,Nrf2）蛋白表达明显增高,FPS高剂量组神经功能评分、Nrf2蛋白表达改变得更为显著（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;FPS高剂量组大鼠脑梗死体积明显减小（P〈0.01）。结论 FPS通过提高Nrf2的表达缩小脑梗死体积,对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠起到神经保护作用。     

Increased glycogen content and glucose transporter 3 mRNA level in the placenta of Holtzman rats after exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Exposure to a low dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) produces a variety of toxic manifestations, including fetal death. In order to evaluate the effects of low-dose TCDD on placental function in this study, pregnant Holtzman rats were given a single oral dose of 800 or 1600 ng TCDD/kg body wt or an equivalent volume of vehicle (control) on gestation day (GD) 15 and the results were observed on GD16 and GD20. The number of fetal deaths increased in the animals exposed to TCDD. Although fetal and placental weight did not differ significantly between the control group and the TCDD groups, histological differences from the control rats were clearly observed in the junctional zone (JZ) of the placentas of the TCDD-exposed rats. In the control placenta, glycogen cells occupied the majority of the JZ on GD16, but then decreased in number and almost disappeared by GD20, whereas on GD20 the placenta of the TCDD-exposed rats exhibited a larger area occupied by the glycogen cells and cysts filled with eosinophilic material surrounded by glycogen cells in the JZ than that of the control group. Glycogen assay revealed that the glycogen content of the placentas from the TCDD-exposed rats was higher than in the control rats. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis was performed to assess the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and GLUT3, the two major placental glucose transporter isoforms. On GD20 the level of expression of GLUT1 mRNA in the placentas was not different between the control and TCDD groups, whereas the level of expression of GLUT3 mRNA approximately doubled in both the 800 and 1600 ng/kg TCDD groups. GLUT3 mRNA expression was restricted to the labyrinth zone of placenta, where zone-specific expression of mRNA arylhydrocarbon receptor and induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 mRNA by TCDD were observed, and none was detected in the JZ. These results, including the increase of glycogen content and GLUT3 mRNA level in TCDD-exposed placentas, provide the first evidence of alteration of glucose kinetics in the placenta by TCDD.     

叶酸对IUGR大鼠胎盘VEGF及其受体1表达的影响

摘要：目的　观察叶酸对宫内发育迟缓（IUGR）大鼠胎盘中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及其受体1（Flt1）表达的影响和对胎鼠发育迟缓的治疗效果。方法　将20只雌性Wistar大鼠随机均分成4组：正常对照（N）组,正常饮食;IUGR组,妊娠期给予低蛋白饮食;叶酸+IUGR（A+IUGR）组,交配前2周至妊娠期给予叶酸每日2.0 mg/kg灌胃处理,受孕成功后妊娠期给予低蛋白饮食;叶酸+正常对照（A+N）组,交配前2周至妊娠期给予叶酸每日2.0 mg/kg灌胃处理,正常饮食。各组孕鼠在孕20 d时剖宫产取胎鼠,观察每组胎鼠体质量、胎盘质量、胎盘系数的变化,采用免疫组化染色和Western blot检测胎盘VEGF和Flt1蛋白表达,qPCR检测胎盘VEGF和Flt1 mRNA表达。结果　与N组相比,IUGR组的胎鼠体质量、胎盘质量、胎盘系数均明显降低,且胎盘中VEGF和Flt1的表达明显降低（P＜0.05）。A+IUGR组较IUGR组胎盘质量、胎盘系数显著增加（P＜0.05）,A+IUGR组胎盘组织中VEGF和Flt1表达明显高于IUGR组（P＜0.05）。结论　叶酸可以通过上调IUGR大鼠胎盘中VEGF及Flt1的表达,进一步提高胎盘血管密度,从而促进胎盘和胎鼠发育,降低IUGR子代不良结局的发生风险。     

Metabonomics evaluation of urine from rats administered with phorate under long‐term and low‐level exposure by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry

The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of long‐term and low‐level exposure to phorate using a metabonomics approach based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS). Male Wistar rats were given phorate daily in drinking water at low doses of 0.05, 0.15 or 0.45 mg kg^–1 body weight (BW) for 24 weeks consecutively. Rats in the control group were given an equivalent volume of drinking water. Compared with the control group, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CR) were increased in the middle‐ and high‐dose groups whereas albumin (ALB) and cholinesterase (CHE) were decreased. Urine metabonomics profiles were analyzed by UPLC‐MS. Compared with the control group, 12 metabolites were significantly changed in phorate‐treated groups. In the negative mode, metabolite intensities of uric acid, suberic acid and citric acid were significantly decreased in the middle‐ and high‐dose groups, whereas indoxyl sulfic acid (indican) and cholic acid were increased. In the positive mode, uric acid, creatinine, kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid were significantly decreased in the middle‐ and high‐dose groups, but 7‐methylguanine (N⁷G) was increased. In both negative and positive modes, diethylthiophosphate (DETP) was significantly increased, which was considered as a biomarker of exposure to phorate. In conclusion, long‐term and low‐level exposure to phorate can cause disturbances in energy‐related metabolism, liver and kidney function, the antioxidant system, and DNA damage. Moreover, more information can be provided on the evaluation of toxicity of phorate using metabonomics combined with clinical chemistry. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

土党参多糖对小鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨土党参多糖对小鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法将KM小鼠随机分为7组,假手术组、模型组、舒血宁组(100 mg.kg-1)、尼莫地平组(100 mg.kg-1)及土党参多糖高、中、低剂量组(300、150、75 mg.kg-1)。采用反复缺血/再灌注法造模,观察小鼠海马区神经元形态,测定小鼠脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)、乙酰胆碱(ACh)、葡萄糖含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和ATP酶活性。结果土党参多糖各剂量组可明显减轻小鼠海马区神经元损伤,降低脑组织中MDA和NO含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),而对SOD、GSH无明显影响;多糖中剂量组能明显提高ACh含量(P<0.01),而低、高剂量组与模型组相比差异无显著性;中、高剂量组能明显降低AChE活性,提高ATP酶、糖代谢活性(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论土党参多糖对小鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤具有保护作用,可能与其神经营养、抗氧化、代谢调控、降低乙酰胆碱酯酶活性有关。     

Cardiotoxicity in rats induced by methidathion and ameliorating effect of vitamins E and C

We have examined the effect of subchronic methidathion (MD) administration on heart damage, and have evaluated possible ameliorating effects of a combination of vitamins E and C against MD toxicity. The experimental groups were: control group, rats treated with 5 mg/kg MD and rats treated with 5 mg/kg body weight MD plus vitamin E and vitamin C (MD+Vit). The groups were given MD by gavage 5 days a week for four weeks at a dose level of 5 mg/kg/day (MD and MD+Vit) by using corn oil as the vehicle. Vitamin E and vitamin C were injected at doses of 50 mg/kg i.m. and 20 mg/kg i.p., respectively, after the treatment with MD in the MD+ Vit group. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined in the heart tissue, and the levels of cardiac troponin I (TnI) in serum. An autoanalyser was used to determine the serum activities of cholinesterase (ChE). Histopathological examination was carried out in the heart tissue. MDA significantly increased in the MD group as compared to controls (P <0.01). When MD was given concurrently with vitamins E and C, the increase in MDA was significantly less (P <0.01). ChE activity significantly decreased in the MD group as compared to controls (P <0.01). When MD was given concurrently with vitamins E and C, the decrease in ChE activity was significantly higher (P <0.05). The serum TnI levels significantly increased in the MD group as compared to controls (P <0.01). When MD was given concurrently with vitamins E and C, the increase in the serum TnI was significantly less (P <0.01). MD caused the diffuse loss of striation and myocytolysis of the cardiomyocytes, whereas the combination of vitamins E and C caused a significant decrease in these effects of MD. In conclusion, subchronic MD administration caused heart damage and, in addition, treatment with a combination of vitamins E and C after the administration of MD reduced heart damage caused by MD.     

辛伐他汀对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑组织NOS表达的影响

目的观察辛伐他汀对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑组织eNOS、nNOS和iNOS表达的影响。方法24只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、缺血再灌注IR组(IR)、辛伐他汀预处理高、低剂量组,每组6只。高剂量组和低剂量分别以阿伐他汀6mg/kg和1.5mg/kg连续灌胃7天。用线栓法制备大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,缺血2h,再灌注22h,应用免疫组化法检测脑组织中eNOS、nNOS和iNOS的表达。结果与缺血再灌注组比较,辛伐他汀低剂量组eNOS表达差异无显著意义(P>0.05),高剂量组eNOS表达显著增加(P>0.05);高剂量和低剂量组nNOS和iNOS的表达显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论辛伐他汀预处理能抑制大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑组织iNOS、nNOS的表达、上调eNOS表达。     

红芪与炙红芪对脾气虚大鼠免疫功能的干预作用

目的： 研究红芪与炙红芪对脾气虚大鼠免疫功能的干预作用。方法： 将90只雄性大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、炙黄芪组、红芪和炙红芪低、中、高剂量组,每组10只。空白组大鼠正常饲养,其他各组大鼠均施加饮食失节、泻下加疲劳复合因素,复制脾气虚大鼠模型。模型复制成功后,炙黄芪组大鼠灌胃给予10.8 g·kg^-1的炙黄芪水煎液,红芪和炙红芪高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃给予16.2,10.8,5.4 g·kg^-1的对应剂量红芪与炙红芪水煎液。各药物组大鼠每天早晨以10 mL·kg^-1灌胃给予相应药物,空白组和模型组大鼠灌胃给予等剂量蒸馏水。每天一次,连续给药15 d。药物干预完成后,经眼眦静脉采血1 mL置于EDTA抗凝采血管中,直接用血细胞分析仪进行大鼠血液常规分析,经腹主动脉采血,检测各组大鼠血清IL-2和TNF-2含量,并计算各组大鼠脾脏指数和胸腺指数。结果： 与空白组相比,模型组大鼠血清白细胞和淋巴细胞数均显著降低（P<0.01）;与模型组相比,药物干预后,各给药组大鼠血清白细胞和淋巴细胞计数均有不同程度的恢复（P<0.01）;与红芪中剂量组相比,炙红芪中剂量组大鼠血清白细胞和淋巴细胞计数均显著增高（P<0.01）。与空白组相比,模型组大鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数均显著降低,（P<0.01）;与模型组相比,各药物组大鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数均不同程度升高。与红芪中剂量组相比,炙红芪中剂量组大鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数均较高（P<0.01和P<0.05）。与空白组相比,模型组大鼠血清IL-2和TNF-α含量均显著升高（P<0.01）;与模型组相比,各药物组大鼠血清IL-2和TNF-α含量均不同程度降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）;与红芪中剂量组相比,炙红芪中剂量组大鼠血清IL-2和TNF-α含量均明显降低（P<0.01和P<0.05）。结论： 红芪与炙红芪均能不同程度提高脾气虚大鼠免疫功能,且炙红芪的干预作用强于红芪。     

蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织促血管生成素-1及Tie-2表达的影响

目的观察蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊对局灶性脑组织缺血大鼠脑组织缺血区促血管生成素-1（Ang-1）、上皮生长因子样域酪氨酸激酶-2（Tie-2）表达的影响。方法将120只健康雄性成年SD大鼠随机分为6组,即假手术组,模型组,蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,步长脑心通对照组,各20只,另30只备用。以Zealonga法为标准制作大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞（MCAO）模型,假手术组只行正中切口,但不插入线栓。各用药组均在动物苏醒后灌胃,假手术组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,连续7 d。术后7 d,采用Zealonga评分标准进行5分制神经功能缺损评分;心脏灌注固定,断头取脑,采用免疫组化方法检测大脑皮层缺血区Ang-1及Tie-2的蛋白表达。结果蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊治疗组大鼠脑组织缺血区Ang-1及Tie-2表达较模型组明显升高。结论蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊可能通过促进脑组织Ang-1及Tie-2蛋白表达,从而促进脑梗死后缺血区微血管新生,减少脑缺血后血脑屏障的渗漏,降低脑水肿。