MiR-148a对肺癌细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的探讨miR-148a对肺癌A549、H460以及H1299细胞放射敏感性的影响。方法根据不同的处理方法,分别按以下方式将肺癌A549、H460和H1299细胞进行分组。（1）将肺癌A549和H460细胞分为3组:空白对照组、4 Gy γ射线照射组和8 Gy γ射线照射组。采用实时定量PCR检测miR-148a的表达水平;（2）将肺癌A549细胞分为2组:空白对照组、miR-148a转染组;同时,将肺癌H460细胞分为2组:空白对照组、anti-miR-148a转染组。分别对转染2组细胞进行不同剂量的γ射线照射,并采用克隆形成实验方法来检测细胞增殖;（3）将肺癌A549和H1299细胞分为3组:空白对照组、miR-148a单独处理组、miR-148a和雌激素受体（ER）共转染组。分别对3组细胞进行不同剂量的γ射线照射,并采用克隆形成实验方法检测细胞生长情况。采用Student t-test对数据进行统计学分析,P < 0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果实时定量PCR实验结果显示,γ射线照射能够显著下调肺癌A549和H460细胞中miR-148a的表达水平。克隆形成实验结果显示,与空白对照组相比,miR-148a转染能够显著增强肺癌A549细胞的放射敏感性,差异有统计学意义（t=12.16,P < 0.01）,而anti-miR-148a转染能够显著降低肺癌H460细胞的放射敏感性,差异有统计学意义（t=11.93,P < 0.01）。同时,miR-148a过表达可以明显下调肺癌A549细胞中ER的mRNA及蛋白表达水平;而anti-miR-148a能够显著上调肺癌H460细胞中ER的mRNA及蛋白表达水平。另外,与miR-148a单独处理组相比,miR-148a和ER共转染组中miR-148a对肺癌A549和H1299细胞增殖的影响显著降低,差异有统计学意义（t=11.34、12.68,均P < 0.01）。结论照射可以诱导miR-148a的表达水平降低,人为过表达miR-148a能够抑制ER的蛋白表达水平,进而降低肺癌A549和H1299细胞的增殖能力,同时增强其放射敏感性。     

microRNA-17-92对人套细胞淋巴瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的 探讨microRNA-17-92对人套细胞淋巴瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响.方法 通过细胞转染获得Z138c-TMP2细胞株和稳定高表达miR-17-92的Z138c-TMP2-miR-17-92细胞株.采用锥虫蓝染色活细胞计数和3H-TdR掺入方法,观察两组细胞外照射后生长情况.采用流式细胞仪检测两组细胞照射后周期时相分布和细胞晚期死亡率.结果 随着照射剂量的增加,miR-17-92组较TMP2组有更多存活细胞(t=-3.12和-3.28,P＜0.05);TMP2组细胞出现G2/M期阻滞,miR-17-92组未出现明显周期阻滞(t=2.885,P＜0.05).2和4 Gy照射后培养96 h以上,TMP2组细胞PI单染阳性细胞百分比(24.02%和36.16%)明显高于miR-17-92组(6.49%和11.39%),差异有统计学意义(t=-17.59、-4.972,P＜0.05).结论 miR-17-92高表达可明显降低人套细胞淋巴瘤细胞株Z138c细胞的放射敏感性.改变细胞周期和抵抗照射诱导的凋亡是miR-17-92发挥作用途径之一.     

辐射对Jurkat细胞P21蛋白及ICR小鼠胸腺细胞p21基因表达的影响

目的 探讨电离辐射对Jurkat细胞P21蛋白和ICR小鼠胸腺细胞p21基因表达的影响.方法 采用流式细胞术(FCM),检测0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0及6.0 Gy X射线照射后Jurkat细胞中P21蛋白表达的变化.采用实时定量PCR技术,分别检测0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0及6.0 Gy X射线照射后4和24 hd'鼠胸腺及脾细胞中p21基因表达的变化.结果 不同剂量X射线照射后12和24 h,Jurkat细胞中P21蛋白表达在0.5～4.0 Gy范围内均随剂量的增大而升高(t=-24.23～-3.96,P<0.05),6 Gy时均出现表达下降(t=-11.19、-14.50,P<0.05);与假照射组相比,在0～6.0 Gy照射后4和24 h,小鼠胸腺及脾细胞中p21基因的相对表达量均随剂量增大逐渐增加(t=-29.96～8.80,P<0.05);并于6.0 Gy时达最高(t=-11.84～-3.42,P<0.05),仅胸腺细胞1 Gy照射后4 h除外(t=-3.42,P>0.05).结论 x射线能诱导P21蛋白及基因表达增加,并在一定剂量范围内存在良好的剂量-效应关系.     

小剂量X射线照射对人树突状细胞抗原递呈及白介素-12分泌的影响

目的 探讨小剂量x射线照射对体外不同培养时间的人外周血树突状细胞( dendritic cell,DC)抗原递呈及白介素-12(IL-12)分泌的影响.方法 分离人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),以人粒-巨细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)及IL-4等诱导分化成DC.实验分为3组,A组:DC培养至第2天接受X射线照射;B组:DC培养至第6天接受X射线照射,A、B组受照剂量均为0.05、0.1、0.2和0.5 Gy;C组:即对照组,为同期培养的未受X射线照射的DC细胞.各组DC培养至第8天时,以DC致敏T 细胞,CCK-8( cell counting kit-8)法检测混合淋巴细胞反应(mixed lymphocyte reaction,MLR),以评估抗原递呈能力;MTT法检测致敏T细胞杀伤人肺腺癌A549细胞;酶联免疫吸附试验( ELISA)检测DC细胞培养液中IL-12水平.结果 0.2、0.5 Gy照射后的DC抗原递呈能力,A组显著低于对照组(t =2.79和3.71,P＜0.05),B组显著高于对照组(t=3.60和3.11,P＜0.05);检测致敏T细胞对人肺腺癌A549细胞的增殖抑制能力,与对照组相比,A组抑制A549增殖能力减弱(t =2.89和2.91,P＜0.05),B组抑制A549增殖能力明显增强(t=2.91和2.82,P＜0.05);A组IL-12分泌量下降(t=4.44和6.93,P＜0.05),而B组明显上升(t=3.51和4.12,P＜0.05).结论 DC在培养早期阶段接受0.5 Gy以下的X射线照射,会降低抗原递呈能力及致敏T细胞杀伤A549能力,在培养阶段的后期给予此剂量照射则会增强.     

辐射对Jurkat细胞P21蛋白及ICR小鼠胸腺细胞p21基因表达的影响

目的 探讨电离辐射对Jurkat细胞P21蛋白和ICR小鼠胸腺细胞p21基因表达的影响.方法 采用流式细胞术(FCM),检测0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0及6.0 Gy X射线照射后Jurkat细胞中P21蛋白表达的变化.采用实时定量PCR技术,分别检测0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0及6.0 Gy X射线照射后4和24 hd'鼠胸腺及脾细胞中p21基因表达的变化.结果 不同剂量X射线照射后12和24 h,Jurkat细胞中P21蛋白表达在0.5～4.0 Gy范围内均随剂量的增大而升高(t=-24.23～-3.96,P<0.05),6 Gy时均出现表达下降(t=-11.19、-14.50,P<0.05);与假照射组相比,在0～6.0 Gy照射后4和24 h,小鼠胸腺及脾细胞中p21基因的相对表达量均随剂量增大逐渐增加(t=-29.96～8.80,P<0.05);并于6.0 Gy时达最高(t=-11.84～-3.42,P<0.05),仅胸腺细胞1 Gy照射后4 h除外(t=-3.42,P>0.05).结论 x射线能诱导P21蛋白及基因表达增加,并在一定剂量范围内存在良好的剂量-效应关系.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of ionizing radiation on the expression of P21 protein in Jurkat cell line and p21 gene in thymocytes and splenocytes of mice.Methods Flow cytometry (FCM)was used to analyze the expression of P21 protein in Jurkat cells at 12 and 24 h after irradiation to 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,and 6.0 Gy.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of p21 gene in thymocytes and splenocytes of mice at4 and 24 h after irradiation to 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,and 6.0 Gy.Multi-staining was used to analyze the micronucleus rates of Rct in bone marrow.Results The expressions of P21 protein were increased in a dose-dependent manner during 0.5-4.0 Gy(t=-24.23--3.96,P<0.05),but decreased at 6.0 Gy at 12 and 24 h post-irradiation(t=-11.19,-14.50,P<0.05).The expressions of p2 1 gene in both thymocytes and splenocytes of mice were increased in dose-dependent manner in the range of 0-6.0 Gy(including 6.0 Gy)(t=-29.96-8.80,P<0.05),and reached to the peak at 6.0 Gy at 4 and 24 h post-irradiation(t=-11.84--3.42,P<0.05),except thymocytes at 4 h and 1.0 Gy post-irradiation(t=-3.42,P>0.05).Conclusions The expressions of P21 protein and p21 gene could be increased by X-ray irradiation.which shows good dosedependent manners in certain range of dose.     

Toll样受体4对肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的 观察Toll样受体4(TLR4)对肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响.方法 将体外培养的RAW264.7、Lewis、MFC、Hepal-6、B16和NIH3T3细胞各分为假照组和5 Gy照射组,采用流式细胞术检测照射24 h后TLR4表达变化,从中筛选出照射后高表达和低表达TLR4的细胞,将其各自分为TAK242阻滞组、LPS刺激组和空白对照组,采用CCK-8试剂盒检测其增殖活性,用克隆形成实验计算其细胞存活分数,用Annexin V凋亡试剂盒检测其凋亡率,用流式细胞术观察细胞周期进程的变化.结果 5 Gy照射24 h后Lewis细胞TLR4表达水平明显高于照射前(t=-8.68,P＜0.01),MFC细胞则相反,照射后TLR4表达水平明显低于照射前(t=25.80,P＜0.01),而RAW264.7、Hepa1-6、B16细胞的TLR4表达水平比照射前有升高趋势,但无明显差异.5 Gy照射后Lewis和MFC细胞的增殖活性均明显降低(t=57.62、-6.23,P＜0.01),而用TAK242阻滞TLR4后Leiws细胞增殖活性更加降低(t=5.96,P＜0.01),但MFC细胞增殖活性反而明显升高(t=4.16,P＜0.01).5 Gy照射后Lewis和MFC细胞的存活分数均明显降低(t=13.37、19.24,P＜0.01),用TAK242阻滞TLR4后Leiws和MFC细胞存活分数更加降低(t=4.90、4.42,P＜0.05).5 Gy照射后Lewis细胞的凋亡率明显高于假照组(t=-167.85,P＜0.01),阻断TLR4后明显高于单纯照射组(t=-4.73,P＜0.01).照射后MFC细胞的凋亡率升高(t=-26.45,P＜0.01),阻断和激动TLR4其凋亡率均显著低于单纯照射组(t=8.87、-3.05,P＜0.05).Lewis和MFC细胞受照后G0/G1期、S期细胞明显降低(t=8.68、14.80、20.31、4.48,P＜0.01),G2/M期细胞上升(t=-37.48、-13.06,P＜0.01).两种细胞的TAK242阻断组和LPS刺激组各周期进程均无明显变化.结论 Lewis细胞的TLR4高表达与其受照后的增殖活性和凋亡率变化有关,而与其周期进程无关,TLR4影响肿瘤细胞的放射敏感性.     

N6-甲基腺苷甲基化对小鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤中微小核糖核酸-155表达和脑损伤的调控作用

【摘要】 目的 研究N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）甲基化对小鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤（CIRI）模型中微小核糖核酸（microRNA,miRNA,miR）-155表达和脑损伤的调控作用。方法 栓线法构建小鼠大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）模型,实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）分析MCAO小鼠脑细胞中pri-miR-155、pre-miR-155及miR-155表达水平,检测建模24 h小鼠脑组织细胞中甲基转移酶样蛋白（METTL）3、miR-155 mRNA表达水平及蛋白表达水平。用慢病毒转染构建METTL3高表达和低表达小鼠模型,再构建MCAO模型,检测右脑组织中pri-miR-155、pre-miR-155和miR-155表达水平。 结果 MCAO小鼠脑组织细胞中pri-miR-155表达水平显著降低（P=0.009）,pre-miR-155、miR-155表达水平显著升高（P=0.007、0.000 8）;MCAO建模24 h小鼠右脑中METTL3、miR-155表达水平均升高（P＜0.05）,METTL3蛋白表达水平也随miR-155剂量增加而升高,但METTL14、肾母细胞瘤1相关蛋白（WTAP） mRNA表达水平差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;小鼠右脑组织中METTL3过表达显著降低pri-miR-155表达水平（P=0.008）,同时升高pre-miR-155、miR-155表达水平（P=0.04、0.009）; METTL3在细胞中沉默表达显著升高pri-miR-155表达水平（P=0.006）,同时降低pre-miR-155、miR-155表达水平（P=0.03、0.009）。结论 CIRI中METTL3异常表达可增强m6A修饰作用,促进pre-miR-155成熟,进而升高miR-155表达水平。这可能为未来缺血性脑卒中患者提供一新治疗策略。     

MicroRNA-34a通过Notch1对膀胱肿瘤细胞株T24增殖的影响

目的 探讨膀胱肿瘤细胞株中microRNA-34a(miR-34a)与Notch1的相互作用关系以及过表达miR-34a对T24细胞增殖的影响.方法 通过生物信息学软件预测miR-34a与Notch1的作用位点,并通过荧光素酶实验验证两者的直接调控关系.在膀胱癌细胞株T24过表达miR-34a,采用实时定量PCR和蛋白印迹检测Notch1表达水平的变化;分别通过新型四唑氮盐(MTS)实验和流式细胞术检测细胞增殖、凋亡以及细胞周期的变化.结果 T24细胞中荧光素酶报告基因实验显示,miR-34a在膀胱癌细胞中能与报告基因结合,使萤火虫荧光强度减弱(P=0.006).过表达miR-34a后,T24细胞内源性Notch1的mRNA水平和蛋白水平均明显下调;T24细胞生长明显受抑(P＜0.001),并呈现一定时间依赖性;凋亡率增加(P=0.003),G0-G1期细胞显著增多(P=0.002).结论 过表达miR-34a能通过降低靶基因Notch1的表达,抑制膀胱肿瘤细胞的增殖.     

中药复方对辐射损伤小鼠脾细胞凋亡及mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨中药复方地甘口服液(DGOL)对辐射损伤小鼠脾细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax mRNA表达的作用.方法建立辐射损伤模型(一次性7.0Gy的X射线照射),喂饲100%地甘口服液每次0.2 ml/10 g小鼠,每日2次.第10天用原位末端标记的TUNEL技术检测脾组织细胞凋亡和原位杂交法检测凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax mRNA的表达.结果地甘口服液组与对照组比脾脏的细胞凋亡率和bax mRNA表达显著减少(P＜0.01),bcl-2 mRNA的表达显著增强(P＜0.01).结论中药复方地甘口服液可能通过促进bcl-2和降低bax mRNA的表达,促进造血细胞的增生,提高机体免疫力.     

60Co γ射线照射致小鼠肝脏的miRNAs表达改变

目的 应用miRNA芯片筛选4 Gy60Co γ射线照射后小鼠肝脏中差异表达的miRNAs,生物信息学方法探索差异表达miRNAs调控的主要功能.方法 SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠接受4 Gy60Co γ射线单次全身照射后,进行外周血白细胞计数和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核计数.应用miRNA芯片筛选照射后小鼠肝脏中差异表达的miRNAs,用miRNA特异引物对部分差异表达miRNA进行实时定量PCR(real time PCR)验证.运用生物信息学方法,对差异miRNAs靶基因及调控功能进行预测.结果 4 Gyγ射线照射后,外周血白细胞总数与对照组相比显著减少(t=2.87,P＜0.05),而骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率与对照组相比显著增加(t=-2.91,P＜0.05).miRNA芯片结果显示,照射组与对照组差异表达的miRNAs共17个,其中9个表达上调,8个表达下调.miR-124和miR-34a的实时荧光定量RT-PCR验证结果与芯片结果一致.GO分析发现,与黏附、细胞周期相关的通路被抑制,一些免疫相关通路被激活.结论 miR-34a和miR-194参与了急性辐射损伤的调控,起主要调控作用的miRNAs还有miR-124、miR-382和miR-92a*.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the differential expression profiles of microRNAs in the liver of 60Co γ-ray irradiated mice using microRNA microarray and to explore their main functions by bioinformatic analysis.Methods After SPF C57BL/6J mice expose to 4 Gy-single whole body radiation,total number of peripheral WBC and the fMNPCE were measured at 3 d.The differentially expressed miRNAs in mouse liver were detected with miRNA microarray,miRNA-124 and miR-34a were confirmed by real time RT-PCR assay.Bioinformatic analysis was applied to explore target genes and the main functions of the differential expressed miRNAs.Results Compared with control group,the total number of peripheral WBC decreased( t = 2.87,P ＜ 0.05 ) ,while the fMNPCE in bone marrow increased ( t =-2.91,P ＜0.05) after 4 Gy γ-ray irradiation.miRNA microarray revealed that 17 miRNAs were differentially expressed,in which 9 up-regulated,8 down-regulated.The expression levels of miR-124 and miR-34a were coincident with the result of real time RT-PCR.GO analysis showed that some pathways including adherens junction and cell cycle were suppressed,while some immune-related pathways were activated.Conclusions miR-34a and miR-194 were involved in the regulation of acute radiation damage,some other miRNAs including miR-124、miR-382 and miR-92a* also played important roles in radiation process.     

海马头部浅沟消失对海马硬化诊断价值的探讨

目的　探讨海马头部浅沟消失对海马硬化的诊断价值。方法　对 18例经组织学检查证实的海马硬化患者的MRI检查资料和 18例年龄相匹配的对照组进行回顾性分析 ,观察海马头部浅沟的显示情况、海马头部大小和信号改变。结果　 18例海马硬化患者中 ,16例硬化侧海马头部浅沟消失 ,1例硬化侧海马头部浅沟明显变浅 ,几乎消失 ,1例硬化侧海马头部浅沟存在。硬化侧海马头部均有萎缩 ,并在T2 WI和液体衰减恢复 (FLAIR)成像呈高信号。海马头部浅沟消失对海马硬化诊断的敏感性为 88.9% ,特异性为 10 0 %。结论　海马头部浅沟消失是诊断海马硬化的一个可靠征象 ,结合患侧海马有萎缩性改变和T2 加权成像信号增高 ,可肯定诊断海马硬化。     

Study of age of fusion of hyoid bone

The present study was conducted to determine the age of fusion of greater cornua with the body of hyoid bone. Age of fusion of hyoid bone can help in determining the age of an individual, especially of unknown dead bodies where only skeletal remains are available. A victim of compression of neck will more likely have fracture of hyoid bone if his hyoid bone is fused. Indian authors have reported that the fusion of hyoid bone occurs after 40 years of age. Studies done by foreign workers observed that hyoid bone fused at an earlier age (30-40 years). A total of 170 excised hyoid bones from dead bodies belonging to the age group of 20-65 years were studied. Fusion occurred earlier in females as compared to males by about 5 years. The mean age of unilateral and bilateral fusion in males was 38.25 and 53.16 years, respectively. The mean age of unilateral and bilateral fusion in females was 38.00 and 48.50 years, respectively. All the hyoid bones were fused after the age of 60 years. No significant differences were found between the fusion on right and left side.     

湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿湿疹的临床疗效观察

目的观察、探讨湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)治疗婴儿湿疹的临床疗效。方法将84例婴儿湿疹患儿随机分为治疗组(44例)和对照组(40例),治疗组外涂湿润烧伤膏治疗,对照组外涂湿疹膏治疗,连续治疗1周后,观察两组疗效。结果治疗组有效率为97.73%,对照组有效率为82.50%;两组疗效经秩和检验,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);随访1个月,治疗组未见复发,对照组有2例患儿复发。结论湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿湿疹疗效好,无毒副作用,安全可靠。     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

The value of information of duration of pregnancy in establishment of paternity

Summary In order to get an idea of the value of the information on the duration of pregnancy in establishment of paternity, 511 records from 17 lower courts in Sweden were studied.It was found that when a blood group investigation has been performed, only a small number of cases remain where the paternity claim should be rejected by a court of law for the reason that the period of pregnancy has been extremely long or short.It was shown that only very extreme probability values (percentages) should give reason for rejection of paternity claims if a larger risk of error is to be avoided. The risk is somewhat smaller with long pregnancies than with short ones.The results of this study emphasize the difficulties involved in probability assessment in paternity suits.This report was presented at the Seventh International Medical-Legal Seminar, Stockholm 1971.     

消妇炎胶囊辅料的合理性实验研究

目的确定消妇炎胶囊的辅料及用量。方法以浸膏粉的吸湿率和流动性为考察指标,对加入淀粉、糊精及微晶纤维素3种不同辅料后制得的颗粒进行考察,优选出最佳辅料后,再对最佳辅料的不同用量进行考察。结果加入辅料后,颗粒的抗吸湿能力和流动性都明显改善,其中加入淀粉后,分别在6、12、24、48、60 h测得的吸湿率为2.01%、4.03%、5.98%、6.66%、7.31%,休止角为34.61°,均小于糊精与微晶纤维素,表明加入淀粉颗粒质量最好;每80 g浸膏粉中分别加入30、45、60 g淀粉,综合判定45 g较好。结论每80 g浸膏粉加入淀粉45 g为辅料用量参数,制得颗粒的抗吸湿能力和流动性均好,可节约成本。     

超声对观察椎动脉椎骨段走行的诊断意义

目的探讨超声对观察椎动脉椎骨段走行的诊断价值。方法对162例患者(走行异常者经血管造影或MR I等其他检查证实)的双侧椎动脉走行的二维和彩色血流信号等声像图信息进行回顾性分析,对椎动脉椎骨段走行异常作出诊断及分型。结果(1)超声通过二维或彩色多普勒的血流信号可显示椎骨段椎动脉有无、穿入位置和走行形态。(2)超声根据椎骨段椎动脉的有无、穿入位置和在椎骨段中的走行形态可将椎动脉椎骨段走行异常分为缺如0.6%(2/324),走行变异2.7%(9/324),走行弯曲5.5%(18/324)三大类。结论超声能清晰显示椎动脉椎骨段的有无、穿入位置及走行形态,能对椎动脉椎骨段的走行异常作出分型诊断,在形态学上为临床明确椎动脉的病因提供帮助。     

武警某院急诊科抗菌药物处方分析

 目的 了解武警某院急诊科抗菌药物的使用情况。方法 提取急诊科2015年下半年的处方,遴选出使用抗菌药物(除去眼膏、外用膏药及中成药)的处方。对抗菌药物处方进行分类统计及分析, 包括使用抗菌药物的种类及比例、使用居前6位的抗菌药物、抗菌药物的联合使用情况等。结果 在2015年下半年急诊处方中有抗菌药物处方3872张,占处方总数的22.3%。使用抗菌药物构成比中,喹诺酮类药物使用频率最高,占42.9%。使用居第一位的药物是左氧氟沙星,占39.8%。单联处方77.86%,二联处方22.14%,无三联处方。结论 2015年下半年我院急诊科抗菌药物使用符合卫生部抗菌药物使用规定,但有些方面还需要进一步改进。     

多发性肋骨骨折两种处置方式的比较

目的 探讨多发性肋骨骨折治疗的有效方法.方法 按纳入及排除标准筛选34例常规外固定病例（常规组）及31例行肋骨内固定术病例（内固定组）,比较两组的住院时间、疼痛持续时间、呼吸情况,以及肺部感染发生率.结果 两组患者一般资料及合并肺挫伤和胸水情况比较差异无统计学意义;内固定组住院时间、疼痛持续时间、呼吸频率恢复时间、SaO2恢复时间和肺部感染与常规组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.常规组肺部感染发生率为26.5％（9/34）,内固定组肺部感染发生率为3.2％ （1/31）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 肋骨内固定术优于常规外固定法.