370例恶性淋巴瘤的WHO(1997)分类

目的：研究恶性淋巴瘤的临床、病理特点。方法：根据WHO(1997)分类标准对370例恶性淋巴瘤患进行临床、病理及免疫表型分析。结果：非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)359例，占97．03％；霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)11例，占2．97％。NHL中，B细胞淋巴瘤246例，占68．52％；T细胞淋巴瘤108例，占30．08％；组织细胞性淋巴瘤和滤泡树突状细胞肉瘤各1例，NK细胞性淋巴瘤3例。结外淋巴瘤(196例，占54．6％)多于结内淋巴瘤(163例，占45．4％)。NHL中发病率较高的淋巴瘤类型依次为：弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(173例，占48．2％)，外周非特殊T细胞淋巴瘤(54例，占15．0％)，黏膜相关淋巴组织细胞淋巴瘤(31例，占8．6％)，NK／T细胞淋巴瘤(25例，占7.0％)，滤泡性淋巴瘤(21例，占5．8％)，间变性T细胞淋巴瘤(12例，占3．3％)。结论：应用WHO(1997)分类对恶性淋巴瘤进行分析研究，具有重要的临床意义。     

儿童非霍奇金淋巴瘤治疗进展

儿童非霍杰金淋巴瘤中B细胞型约占一半,包括Burkitt/Burkitt like型及弥漫性大B细胞型,近年使用环磷酰胺(CTX)、大剂量甲氨蝶呤(HDMTX)、大剂量阿糖胞苷(HDAra-C)为主的强烈、短疗程、冲击式联合化疗,无事件生存(EFS)已达80%~90%。其次是淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤,基于儿童高危急淋或T-细胞急淋的治疗,EFS亦达80%以上。间变型和纵隔大B型疗效较差,复发性治疗是难点,靶向治疗和造血干细胞移植将会带来更好前景。     

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas: histologic, immunohistologic, and clinical characterization

A review of 40 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma identified at our institution between March 1983 and December 1985 revealed a clinically, histologically, and immunologically diverse group of neoplasms that were difficult to classify by conventional histomorphologic criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. These lymphomas were frequently extranodal at the time of initial manifestation (52%), and their clinical aggressiveness correlated with three major histologic categories--small lymphocytic, diffuse mixed, and large cell. Of the 40 lymphomas, 18 exhibited distinctive histologic features that allowed assignment of these cases into one of four subgroups: (1) angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, (2) lymphomatoid granulomatosis, (3) Hodgkin's-like disease, and (4) Lennert's lymphoma (lymphoepithelioid lymphoma). Study of all our cases that fulfilled the morphologic criteria for lymphomatoid granulomatosis or angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy by using immunologic methods for identification of B-cell and T-cell antigens has shown these neoplasms to be peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Therefore, we now consider these earlier proposed entities to be distinct histologic variants of peripheral T-cell lymphoma.     

Value of ultrasound-guided core biopsy in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma

PURPOSE: Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy for the diagnosis and management of malignant lymphomas is controversial and has not been accepted as an alternative to surgical biopsy. We investigate the clinical usefulness of this procedure in a large series of patients. METHODS: Over a 5-year period (2000-2004), ultrasound-guided core needle biopsies were performed in 102 malignant lymphomas. Five diagnostic categories were considered: large B-cell lymphomas (LBCL), small B-cell lymphomas (SBCL), Hodgkin's disease (HD), T cell lymphomas, and miscellaneous. Surgical excisional biopsy of the node was performed in 47 cases (46.1%) for diagnostic confirmation. RESULTS: The overall diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy was 88.2% (90/102). SBCL (39), LBCL (36), HD (15), T cell lymphomas (5), and miscellaneous (7) [including T cell-rich B cell (2), natural killer cell (1), Burkitt's lymphoma (1), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the B cell type, NOS (3)] were correctly diagnosed. Three HDs, 1 natural killer cell lymphoma, 1 follicular lymphoma, and 1 LBCL were not correctly diagnosed. The core needle biopsy did not yield tumor tissue in 6 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy is effective in the diagnosis of malignant lymphomas and can be used as the first diagnostic approach in selected clinical situations.     

口咽部B细胞来源非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的：分析口咽部B细胞来源非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）的CT表现、特征,初步探讨不同病理类型B细胞来源NHL的CT表现特点,为临床诊断和治疗提供更为准确的信息。方法：对18例经病理证实的口咽部B细胞来源非霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果：18例中,弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤13例,占72．2％（13／18）,滤泡性淋巴瘤3例,占16．7％（3／18）,套细胞淋巴瘤1例,占5．6％（1／18）,结外边缘区淋巴瘤（MALT淋巴瘤）1例,占5．6％（1／18）。病变分布为：扁桃体NHL9例（弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤8例、套细胞淋巴瘤1例）;舌根8例（弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤5例、滤泡性淋巴瘤3例）;软腭1例,为结外边缘区淋巴瘤（MALT淋巴瘤）。18例病变均表现为肿块型。同时有淋巴结受累者12例（66．7％）,其中双侧受累者3例。结论：口咽B细胞来源NHL多发生于扁桃体及舌根。病理类型以弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤为主,主要表现为肿块。CT对于B细胞来源NHL的鉴别诊断和病变范围的判断具有重要作用。     

原发扁桃体淋巴瘤的类型构成研究:213例会诊病例分析

目的探讨会诊病例中原发扁桃体淋巴瘤的病理类型、构成比率以及疑难会诊病例病种。方法收集北京友谊医院2005年1月至2013年11月213例原发扁桃体淋巴瘤的会诊病例,对其临床资料、病理组织学及免疫组织化学标记结果进行回顾性分析,按世界卫生组织(WHO,2008年版)分类标准进行病理诊断及分类,并与国内外原发扁桃体的淋巴瘤进行对比分析。结果 213例原发扁桃体淋巴瘤中,非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)212例(99.5%),霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)1例(0.5%)。NHL中B细胞来源183例(85.9%),T细胞或NK细胞来源29例(13.6%)。NHL中,检出率构成比居前5位的分别为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤-非特殊类型(DLBCL-NOS)138例(64.8%),滤泡性淋巴瘤(FL)12例(5.6%),黏膜相关淋巴组织边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(MALT)12例(5.6%),结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤11例(5.2%),外周T细胞淋巴瘤-非特殊类型(PTCL-NOS)9例(4.2%)。本组病例中HL仅1例(0.5%),为经典HL-混合细胞型。病变部位:左侧93例(43.7%),右侧96例(45.1%),双侧24例(11.2%)。结论 213例原发扁桃体淋巴瘤的会诊病例中,包括209例已明确分型和4例未能明确分型病例。已明确分型的病例共12种不同的病理类型。其中,NHL发病远多于HL,B细胞淋巴瘤中以DLBCL-NOS最多见,T细胞或NK细胞淋巴瘤中以结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤最多见,HL罕见。     

霍奇金淋巴瘤的免疫表型与鉴别诊断

目的　研究霍奇金淋巴瘤 (HL)的免疫表型和鉴别诊断。方法　采用SP免疫组化法检测 5 6例HL患者瘤细胞及背景细胞的免疫表型 ,根据WHO 2 0 0 0淋巴瘤新分类重新评价。结果　HL患者 47例 ,其中结节性淋巴细胞为主型HL(NLPHL) 2例 ,经典型HL(CHL) 4 3例 ,未分类 2例 ;富于T细胞的B细胞淋巴瘤 (TCRBCL) 6例 ,间变性大细胞淋巴瘤 (ALCL) 2例以及转移性肿瘤 1例。NLPHL中L&H细胞呈CD2 0 (+) ,CD1 5(- ) ,CD3 0 (- ) ;背景细胞中TIA 1阳性细胞稀少 ,CD57阳性细胞多见。CHL中诊断性R S细胞及变异型R S细胞呈CD1 5(+) (81% ) ,CD3 0 (+) (10 0 % ) ,其中 3例共同表达CD2 0 呈弱阳性 ;背景细胞中TIA 1阳性细胞多见 ,而CD57阳性细胞稀少。TCRBCL中瘤细胞呈CD2 0(+) ,CD1 5(- ) ,CD3 0 (- ) ;背景细胞中TIA 1阳性细胞增多 ,CD57阳性细胞少见。ALCL中瘤细胞呈CD3(+) ,CD3 0 (+) ,ALK 1(+) ,CD1 5(- ) ,CD2 0 (- ) ,背景细胞中TIA 1阳性细胞多见 ,CD57阳性细胞少见。结论　石蜡免疫组化检测瘤细胞CD2 0 、CD3 、CD1 5、CD3 0 以及背景细胞TIA 1、CD57、CD2 0 和CD45RO 的表达 ,有助于HL的诊断和鉴别诊断     

Diminished expression of CD19 in B-cell lymphomas

BACKGROUND: CD19 is expressed on most B-cell lymphomas; however, the frequency and types of B-cell lymphomas with low-level expression of CD19 are not well characterized. METHODS: We reviewed flow cytometric histograms specifically for decreased CD19 expression on 349 cases analyzed by the Flow Cytometry Laboratory at University Hospitals of Cleveland (Cleveland, Ohio). Results of flow cytometry were correlated with the morphologic diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the cases reviewed, 125 (36%) showed a visible decrease in CD19 expression compared with normal B lymphocytes. Decreased CD19 expression was noted in 79% of follicular lymphomas (27 of 34), 36% of small lymphocytic lymphomas/chronic lymphocytic leukemias (82 of 228), 31% of mantle cell lymphomas (4 of 13), 24% of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (8 of 33), and 13% of marginal zone B-cell lymphomas/lymphoplasmacytoid lymphomas (4 of 30) and was not observed in any Burkitt lymphoma (0 of 5) or hairy cell leukemia (0 of 6). Decreased CD19 expression was significantly more frequent in follicular lymphomas than in other lymphoma subtypes (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the frequency of decreased CD19 expression based on histologic grade of follicular lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS: Diminished expression of CD19 expression occurs frequently in B-cell lymphomas, in particular follicular lymphoma, and may be helpful in identifying B-cell lymphoma cells in complex cell mixtures such as bone marrow specimens.     

Clinicopathological features of malignant lymphoma in Japan: the Miyagi Study

The Miyagi Study is an epidemiological study of malignant lymphoma, including immunological and genetic analyses, constructed by a population-based registration system covering Miyagi prefecture, Japan. A total of 1,552 newly diagnosed cases in Miyagi between 2002 and 2008 were enrolled in this study; 75% were B-cell lymphomas, 19% were T-cell and natural killer-cell (T/NK-cell) lymphomas, and 5% were Hodgkin's lymphomas. The most frequent subtype of B-cell lymphoma is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, followed by follicular lymphoma and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (51%, 24% and 8%, respectively). Thus, follicular lymphoma accounts for 18.2% of newly diagnosed cases in Miyagi; unexpectedly, its frequency is similar to that reported in Western countries. The common subtypes of T/NK-cell lymphoma are peripheral T-cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (30%, 15% and 14%, respectively). Most of the data are similar to those reported in Asian countries, except for follicular lymphoma. We also analyzed the CD20 expression in B-cell lymphomas by flow cytometry for the cell membrane expression and by immunohistochemistry for the cytoplasmic expression. The cell membrane expression of CD20 protein may determine the susceptibility of B-cell lymphomas to anti-CD20 antibody therapy. The lack of CD20 expression was confirmed by both methods in 4 cases of 585 newly diagnosed cases (0.7%) and in 5 of 67 recurrent cases (7.5%). Furthermore, 23 cases (6.5%) showed the discrepancy of CD20 expression between both methods. The Miyagi Study has revealed the latest epidemiological features of malignant lymphoma in Japan.     

Non-mediastinal grey zone lymphomas and report from the workshop

Grey zone lymphomas represent borderline lesions between classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and other morphologically and immunophenotypically related diseases and entities like nodular lymphocyte predominant HL, T-cell rich B-cell lymphoma, ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) anaplastic variant and primary mediastinal LBCL. The sharp definition of morphological, immunophenotypical and molecular features of the "text-book cases" of each disease and the comparison with grey zone cases has reduced most of the latter cases. Two reports in this workshop dealt with the problematic non-mediastinal grey zone lymphomas, one with a cHL of T cell-type presenting in the skin as a ALK-negative ALCL and the other with the grey zone between cHL of B-cell type and ALK-negative ALCL.     

The therapeutic use of rituximab in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) comprise a heterogeneous collection of lymphoproliferative malignancies, which are most common in people aged over 55 years. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of NHL, accounting for approximately 30% of all new patients. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the second most common NHL sub-type, and accounts for a further 22% of cases. While the incidence of most other cancers is decreasing, that of NHL is increasing steadily. During the 1970's and 1980's, worldwide NHL incidence rose by 3-4% per year. This rise has slowed in the 1990's, but an annual increase of 1-2% is still being recorded. Over the last five years, the introduction of monoclonal antibodies, and specifically the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, has radically changed treatment of B-cell NHL. Rituximab is a genetically engineered chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody which binds to the transmembrane antigen, CD20, a non-glycosylated phosphoprotein, located on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. This antigen is expressed on over 95% of all B cell NHLs, and on normal B cells, but not on haematopoietic stem cells, normal or malignant plasma cells. The Fc domain of rituximab recruits immune effector functions to mediate B cell lysis. Possible mechanisms of cytotoxicity include complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) resulting from C1q binding, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by one or more of the Fcgamma receptors on the surface of granulocytes, macrophages and NK cells. It is also possible that the binding of rituximab to the CD20 antigen on the cell surface may directly induce apoptosis. For patients with both follicular and diffuse large B-cell NHL, several large scale prospective randomised trials have demonstrated prolongation of remission when rituximab is incorporated into first line treatment, and, in follicular lymphoma, as a component of salvage therapy. As a result of these studies, current European indications for rituximab include: the treatment of previously untreated patients with stage III-IV follicular lymphoma in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (CVP) chemotherapy; as maintenance therapy in patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma responding to induction therapy with chemotherapy or immuno-chemotherapy; the treatment of patients with diffuse large B cell NHL in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy. This paper examines the evidence supporting the use of rituximab in these settings, and places its use into the context of standard clinical practice.     

Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of childhood and adolescence in Austria--therapy results between 1986 and 2000

Between 1986 and 2000 183 Austrian children and adolescents with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and mature B-cell acute leukemia (B-ALL) were enrolled in 3 consecutive studies of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) Group. In trial NHL-BFM 86, patients were stratified according to the histologic subtype and clinical stage. In the succeeding studies NHL-BFM 90 and 95, treatment stratification was additionally based on the speed of tumor response to therapy and for children with B-cell NHL/B-ALL also on the pre-therapeutic serum lactic dehydrogenase level. Event-free survival rates were 84% +/- 6% in trial NHL-BFM 86 (n = 39) and 86% +/- 4% in both trials NHL-BFM 90 (n = 67) and NHL-BFM 95 (n = 77). Patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma (mainly with T-cell phenotypes) had an excellent prognosis with an ALL-type chemotherapy regimen (n = 49; relapse, n = 1), whereas an intensive, short-pulse therapy delivered within a 2- to 4-month period was found to be highly efficacious in children with B-cell NHL/B-ALL (n = 114; relapse, n = 6; progression, n = 5). Patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) who were treated with similar alternating short courses of multi-agent chemotherapy had a less good outcome (n = 20; relapse, n = 6, progression, n = 3). Children with B-cell NHL and B-ALL who failed initial therapy also had a dismal prognosis (10/11 patients died). Local radiotherapy as a part of lymphoma therapy was completely abandoned in study NHL-BFM 90 and surgical interventions were confined to specific situations such as complete resection in localized B-cell NHL and ALCL, diagnostic biopsy and second-look operation. In conclusion, our results showed that the BFM treatment strategy for lymphoblastic lymphoma and B-cell NHL/B-ALL was highly successful in the majority of patients; however, optimal treatment for children with ALCL has not yet been defined. As a consequence, larger trials at an international level are necessary to find new prognostic markers that might define more precisely those patients who need further intensification of first-line treatment or novel therapy.     

核苷酸剪切修复酶XPD基因多态性与非霍奇金淋巴瘤发病风险的研究

本研究探讨核苷酸剪切修复基因XPD基因多态与非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）发病风险的关系。以309名NHL患者和305名健康对照者为研究对象,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态技术检测XPDG23591A、A35931C位点的基因多态,并应用非条件logistic回归方法进行数据分析,比较不同基因型与NHL发病风险的关系。结果表明,XPDG23591A和A35931C基因多态性与NHL发生无显著相关性。进一步将NHL分为滤泡性淋巴瘤（FL）、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）、其他B细胞-NHL和T细胞-NHL4大类分析显示,在4类NHL中XPD23591位点变异基因型GA＋AA型频率分别为16.3%、18.0%、10.5%、18.4%,对照组为12.5%。携带A变异基因型者发生各类NHL危险度（OR值）分别约为每GG型的1.43、1.58、0.89和1.50倍,但各病例组与对照组间差异无显著性（p〉0.05）;在4类NHL中XPD35931位点变异基因型AC＋CC型频率分别约为15.2%、15.8%、18.4%、12.5%,与对照组11.5%相比,变异基因型频率有所增加,携带C变异基因型者发生各类NHL危险度分别约为AA型的1.41、1.48、1.75和1.12倍。但差异均无统计学显著性（p〉0.05）。结论：中国山东地区汉族人群中XPDG23591A、G35931C位点基因多态性与非霍奇金淋巴瘤发病无关。     

鼻,咽部非何杰金淋巴瘤——59例临床病理与免疫表型研究

鼻、咽部的非何杰金淋巴瘤是最常见的一组淋巴结外淋巴瘤，同时，也是在该区的非上皮源性肿瘤中发病率较高的一类疾病。本文对５９例按传统标准诊断的鼻、咽部非何杰金淋巴瘤进行了形态学分类与免疫学分型的比较研究，结果为：（ｌ）本组病例的男女性别之比为２．９：１，中位年龄５１岁，病损处局部形成息肉或结节样新生物是其主要特征；临床Ⅰ期患者占８３％。（２）５９例淋巴瘤的组织学型别构成复杂，高恶性与低、中恶性者各占５０％，约７１。４％的高恶性型非何杰金淋巴瘤是发生在一腔。（３）５９例中，瘤细胞表达Ｂ细胞分化抗原的点５５．９％，检出免疫球蛋白轻链限制性反应的占２１％（７／３３）；表达Ｔ细胞分化抗原的占３７．３％，而其中２／３以上的病例是发生在一腔。说明：在不含中线恶网病例的条件下，鼻腔仍然是非何杰金淋巴瘤的好发部位，且以高恶性型及Ｔ细胞性者为多；而在不含扁桃体的非何杰金淋巴瘤的条件下，发生在鼻咽及口咽部的非何杰金淋巴瘤仍为低、中恶性型及Ｂ细胞性淋巴瘤。还对鼻、咽部非何杰金淋巴瘤的诊断及预后等问题进行了讨论。     

超声引导下穿刺活检对获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者合并淋巴结肿大的病因诊断价值

目的： 经超声引导下穿刺活检分析获得性免疫缺陷综合征（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS）患者合并淋巴结肿大的病因。方法： 对2017年4月至2020年12月在上海市公共卫生临床中心行超声引导下穿刺活检的130例AIDS合并淋巴结肿大患者的病理诊断及实验室指标等进行回顾性分析，进而分析超声引导下穿刺活检对该类患者淋巴结肿大病因的诊断价值。结果： 130例患者中，最终诊断良性病变82例（63.1%），包括淋巴结核56例，非结核分枝杆菌感染7例，马尔尼菲篮状菌感染6例，坏死性淋巴结炎5例，隐球菌感染2例，巨细胞病毒感染2例，金黄色葡萄球菌感染、淋巴组织增生、淋巴囊肿、EB病毒感染各1例；恶性肿瘤36例（27.7%），包括淋巴瘤17例（其中弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤、Burkitt淋巴瘤各5例，浆母细胞淋巴瘤、小淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤及间变大细胞淋巴瘤各1例，另4例未分型），转移性肿瘤17例，卡波西肉瘤2例；病因类型不明确12例，其中病理检查提示11例为良性病变、1例为肿瘤性坏死。130例患者淋巴结肿大病因总诊断率达90.8%。所有患者无并发症。结论： 超声引导下穿刺活检对AIDS合并淋巴结肿大患者淋巴结肿大病因诊断率高，且微创安全，对于该类患者淋巴结肿大临床早期诊断及精准治疗具有较高价值，值得临床推广应用。     

石蜡包埋组织恶性淋巴瘤免疫球蛋白重链基因重排研究

目的探讨免疫球蛋白重链基因重排现象应用于石蜡包埋非何杰金氏淋巴瘤（NHL）病理诊断及鉴别诊断中的意义，分析影响实验结果的可能因素。方法应用B细胞性淋巴瘤细胞株Raji作为阳性对照，免疫球蛋白重链V区及J区特异性引物，单轮PCR扩增方法对存档的29例恶性淋巴瘤（B细胞性对例，T细胞性2例），6例淋巴组织反应性增生，2例上皮性肿瘤石蜡包埋组织进行了研究。结果70．4％（19／27）的B细胞性淋巴瘤免疫球蛋白重链基因存在重排现象，并均表现为单克隆性。而T细胞性淋巴瘤以及非淋巴瘤性病变无重排现象。本研究所用方法免疫球蛋白重链基因重排的阳性检出率低于半筑巢式peR扩增（80％）。结论免疫球蛋白重链基因重排在B细胞性淋巴瘤具有特异性，能够用于该类疾病诊断及鉴别诊断中。     

155例非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者细胞遗传学分析

目的 了解非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）患者染色体异常与WHO病理组织分型之间的关系，并与国外NHL染色体异常类型进行比较。方法 采用常规染色体G带分析和荧光原位杂交（FISH）方法对155例NHL患者的淋巴结组织进行细胞和分子遗传学研究。结果 155例NHL患者中常见的病理类型是弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）（59例，38．1％）、滤泡性淋巴瘤（27例，17．4％）、B小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤（16例，10．3％）、非特指周同T细胞淋巴瘤（13例，8．4％）、血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤（11例，7．1％）。155例NHL患者中染色体异常为119例，占76．8％。滤泡性淋巴瘤、B小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤、DLBCL、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤和前体T淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤染色体异常率较高，分圳为96．3％、87．5％、86．4％、83．3％、83．3％。DLBCL中复杂核型占86．3％，染色体结构异常累及最多的是3，6，14，1号染色体，41．2％为3q27异常，43．1％的病例有1号染色体异常。6q21、6q23和6q25异常占23．5％。DLBCL中典型t（14；18）的病例只有2例，明湿低于国外报道。用FISH方法检测DLBCL中IgH重排阳性率为40．1％。16例B小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤均未发现13q14缺失，只发现2例有13q10异常。11例血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤中只有3例核型异常。结论 我国淋巴瘤的病理类型分布与欧美国家有明显不同。尽管DLBCL染色体异常类型基本与国外相似，但t（14；18）较少见。与国外报道相比，B小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤和血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤染色体异常率较低，染色体异常类型也有差异。     

滤泡树突状细胞表达模式变化 在淋巴瘤病理鉴别诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨滤泡树突状细胞(follicular dendritic cell,FDC)网在各种类型淋巴瘤中的形态变化模式及其在鉴别诊断中的临床应用价值。方法 采用免疫组化方法对56例各种类型的淋巴瘤进行CD21免疫组化染色,观察FDC网的形态变化模式。其中包括弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤8例、伯基特淋巴瘤2例、小淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤6例、浆细胞瘤6例、MALT淋巴瘤3例、外周T细胞淋巴瘤6例、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤5例、NK/T细胞淋巴瘤8例、滤泡性淋巴瘤4例、套细胞淋巴瘤3例、AITL 3例、FDC肉瘤2例。结果 FDC网在各种类型淋巴瘤中的形态变化可归为4种模式:①破坏消减型:绝大部分淋巴瘤FDC网完全或部分破坏,包括弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤、小淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤、浆细胞瘤、外周T细胞淋巴瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、NK/T细胞淋巴瘤; ②存在型:FDC网存在,甚至有数量增多,包括MALT淋巴瘤、滤泡性淋巴瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤; ③增生紊乱型:FDC网增多、变形、紊乱,如AITL; ④全表达型:FDC网在肿瘤组织中每个细胞表达,如FDC肉瘤。结论 FDC在各种类型淋巴瘤中存在不同的形态变化模式,在淋巴瘤鉴别诊断中具有重要的临床应用价值。     

非霍奇金淋巴瘤中增殖指数Ki-67及其临床价值

本研究旨在探讨Ki-67增殖指数(Ki-67PI)与非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)分型及生物学行为间的关系及在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)临床特征及预后中的价值。回顾性分析2001年1月1日至2010年12月31日期间在我院经病理诊断确诊的NHL病例542例,所有病例均经免疫组织化学检测Ki-67PI。分析其中初治且病例资料完整的DLBCL患者82例并对其进行临床研究。结果表明,依据WHO(2001)淋巴组织肿瘤分型方案,NHL分型不同,Ki-67PI亦不同。随NHL侵袭程度升高,Ki-67PI均值逐渐增大。ROC曲线分析结果显示,50%为区分惰性淋巴瘤与侵袭性淋巴瘤的临界值。82例初治DLBCL患者临床研究显示,75%为区分DLBCL患者具有良好或不良预后的临界值,且Ki-67的表达与患者Ann Arbor分期及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平相关。按Ann Arbor分期及LDH水平分层研究显示,Ann Arbor分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ期及LDH水平升高组中,具有B症状及IPI评分3-5分的患者、Ki-67PI≤75%的患者3年总生存率(OS)高于Ki-67PI>75%的患者;Ann Arbor分期Ⅲ-Ⅳ期及LDH水平正常组中,具有B症状、Ki-67PI≤75%的患者3年OS高于Ki-67PI>75%的患者。结论:Ki-67PI临界值50%有助于区分惰性及侵袭性淋巴瘤。在DLBCL患者中,应用Ki-67PI临界值75%并联合B症状、Ann Arbor分期、IPI评分及LDH水平等相关因素可综合评价患者预后。