基于虚拟样机技术的轻型载货汽车车架疲劳寿命预测方法

为准确预测随机动载作用下汽车车架结构的疲劳寿命,将有限元分析与多体动力学相结合。首先建立了车体结构的多体动力学模型,并将根据中国路况得出的仿真路面谱作为输入,计算了车体11个关键部位的载荷历程。然后在车体有限元模型中计算了相应的应力影响因子。同时根据车架材料的S-N曲线和车架本身的特点拟合出了车架结构的S-N曲线。最后,利用MSC-FATIGUE软件基于准静态应力法的疲劳寿命分析技术,预测了车架结构的疲劳寿命。所预测结构寿命在合理范围内,可以作为车架后续轻量化改进的依据。     

阶梯式半挂车车架疲劳寿命预测

根据某阶梯式半挂车车架的结构特点,建立了其有限元模型,通过分析得到车架静态应力分布;基于半挂车多体动力学模型,以H级路面的路面载荷作为边界条件进行动力学分析得到车架载荷谱。以上述分析数据为依据,综合考虑影响半挂车车架疲劳特性的主要因素,采用多轴临界面法Brown-Miller疲劳损伤平均应力修正模型预测了半挂车车架的多轴疲劳寿命,得到其疲劳薄弱部分,为结构和工艺优化提供参考。     

基于随机振动的某客车车架疲劳寿命研究

建立车架的有限元模型,利用Hypermesh软件对车架进行频率响应分析,得到车架结构的响应特性。在ADAMS/CAR软件中建立整车动力学模型,通过仿真获取车架与悬架连接处所受到的动态外载。运用疲劳分析软件MSC.FATIGUE ,选取有效的 S- N曲线,结合车架动力响应特性和多体动力学仿真结果,采用Dirlik疲劳评估模型计算出车架危险位置的疲劳寿命,为提高该车架的安全性提供了依据。     

工程专用自卸车车架疲劳寿命分析

为了准确预测TY-2工程专用自卸车车架的疲劳寿命,提出了一种基于整车道路试验结合模态应力恢复的车架疲劳预测方法。基于有限元和试验模态分析,建立整车刚柔耦合动力学模型,并通过模型驾驶室地板加速度曲线与实车路试时采集的驾驶室地板振动加速度曲线进行对比验证了动力学模型的准确性。根据实际道路试验获得真实的激励输入,通过多体动力学仿真结合模态应力恢复理论,复现了柔性体车架所受的载荷信息。运用疲劳寿命分析方法预测了车架的疲劳寿命。结果表明该分析方法预测的疲劳寿命与工程自卸车实际情况吻合,对于车架结构的优化改进具有一定的参考价值。     

基于虚拟迭代及有限元理论的某中型货车驾驶室疲劳寿命研究

以某中型货车的驾驶室为研究对象,通过整车典型强化路面试验测量得到驾驶室悬置位置及车架上相应位置的加速度响应信号,并基于K&C试验台和MTS试验台分别测量得到驾驶室质心、转动惯量和衬套刚度阻尼等参数。采用ADAMS建立驾驶室和车架的刚柔耦合多体动力学模型;采用Femfat.lab软件使用虚拟迭代的方法计算驾驶室悬置处和翻转机构处的载荷谱;最后运用Miner线性疲劳累积损伤理论在疲劳仿真软件nCode中进行疲劳分析。通过台架试验验证了疲劳仿真的结果,并通过结构尺寸参数的重新设计使驾驶室前围板的疲劳寿命满足了设计要求。     

应用多体有限元法预测车体结构疲劳寿命

利用多体动力学和有限元法结合的混合方法对机车车体结构疲劳寿命进行仿真研究.首先在SIMPACK中建立机车整车的多体系统动力学模型,根据不同的载荷工况计算其载荷时间历程;其次根据有限元准静态应力分析法,获得车体结构的准静态应力应变影响因子(stresses influence coefficient,SIC),再利用模态分析技术获得车体结构固有频率和模态振型,以及确定车体结构危险点位置.基于危险应力分布的动载荷历程,结合车体材料的S-N曲线以及Palmgren-Miner损伤理论,利用FE-FATIGUE软件的安全强度因子分析法和WAFO(wave analysis for fatigue and oceanography)技术进行标准时域的车体结构疲劳寿命预测,其中包括应力应变的循环计数、损伤累积和寿命预测.实测结果和仿真结果相互对比表明,这种方法可以有效预测车体结构的疲劳寿命,其精度和动力学与有限元模型的精度有关.     

轻量化搅拌车副车架设计与多轴疲劳分析

针对中国重汽集团青岛重工有限公司某款12方轻量化搅拌车副车架使用过程中出现的疲劳破坏问题,文中以此作为研究对象,对该款轻量化搅拌车副车架进行设计改进。利用Pro/E和Workbench等软件对改进后的副车架进行载荷计算及危险截面的应力分析,并将分析结果进行试验验证。在此基础上基于多轴疲劳理论,使用ncode designlife软件对复杂工况下的副车架多轴疲劳安全系数进行模拟分析。结果表明：CAE分析所得的结果与实际情况十分接近;副车架多轴疲劳安全系数分析方法为复杂工况下副车架的疲劳寿命计算提供了依据,具有一定的指导意义。     

实测车轮六分力激励的车架疲劳寿命分析

车架疲劳寿命分析多以实测振动信号为动力学模型的输入激励。由于振动信号不能全面地反映出路面对整车的多维激励作用,导致基于动力学模型仿真预测的车架疲劳寿命精度和可信性偏低。而车轮六分力传感器可同时采集路面作用于轮心的多维力,复现路面-轮胎-整车的复杂耦合关系。为分析两种激励方法对疲劳寿命预测结果的影响,建立某自卸车整车刚柔耦合动力学模型,作为车架边界载荷的提取载体。然后基于车架有限元模型,通过惯性释放法获取应力分布,对比分析车轮六分力和轮心振动激励下车架的疲劳寿命情况。结果表明,采用轮心六分力载荷加载的半分析方法,可以更为准确地提取车架边界载荷,提高车架疲劳寿命预测的精度和可信性,为商用车辆结构更为准确的疲劳寿命预测提供借鉴。     

基于轮胎六分力的某商用车车架疲劳分析

实验以某重型商用车车架为研究对象,在汽车的3个车轴上共安装6个六分力仪,并在定远试验场多种路况下进行实车测试,获得车轮轮心处六分力。在HyperMesh中对车架进行有限元建模并应用惯性释放理论获得车架的单位载荷应力场分布。在ADAMS中建立整车刚柔耦合动力学模型,并将实车测试获得的轮心六分力导入模型中进行仿真,求得车架与悬架接附处的载荷谱。结合车架单位载荷应力场分布、车架与悬架接附处的载荷谱及车架材料的应变（ε）-疲劳寿命（N）曲线,根据线性累积损伤理论,使用nCode软件对车架进行疲劳仿真分析,分析结果表明该车架可靠寿命符合国家相关安全规定,满足设计要求。该仿真结果也被试验所验证。     

基于LMS的舱门机构中曲杆的疲劳寿命仿真分析

应用虚拟样机疲劳寿命预测方法,对飞机内埋弹舱舱门机构中的曲杆进行了疲劳寿命分析.利用LMS.Virtual.Lab多体动力学系统仿真软件,建立起舱门简化机构的多体仿真模型,结合有限元方法和多体动力学分析,获得曲杆上的载荷时间历程,再根据材料的疲劳性能对曲杆进行疲劳寿命预测.结果表明,曲杆的疲劳寿命符合舱门机构的设计要求.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.