异构信息空间中时间感知的实体集成框架

异构信息空间中的实体和关联关系普遍具有时间信息、多种时间版本的实体数据共存,而传统的实体集成忽略了时间信息,不支持时间维度上的集成。提出一种异构信息空间中时间感知的实体集成框架T-EI,从大量异构实体数据中聚集事实形成干净的、完整的、具有时间信息的实体概貌,进而支持时间感知的实体搜索。T-EI利用实体及关联关系所具有的时间信息提出时间感知的实体识别算法,并通过考虑数据时效性提出时间感知的数据融合算法。在真实数据集上的实验结果表明了T-EI的可行性和有效性。     

异构信息空间中时间感知的跨类型实体推荐

随着实体搜索成为信息检索的一种新趋势,实体推荐也成为业界和学术界的热门研究问题之一。异构信息空间中的异构实体间彼此相互关联,因此跨类型实体推荐至关重要。此外,异构实体具有时间信息,异构信息空间中的实体不断随时间演化,用户希望得到在时间上最相关的实体推荐。提出一个时间感知的跨类型实体推荐框架T-ERe,利用异构实体间丰富的关联关系和查询日志实现跨类型的实体推荐。T-ERe考虑实体的时间信息和查询的时间上下文, 给用户推荐时间上最相关的多种类型的实体。在真实数据集上的实验结果表明了T-ERe的可行性和有效性。     

异构信息空间中实体关联关系挖掘算法CFRQ4A

丰富的实体关联关系是在异构信息空间中进行数据分析、数据挖掘、知识发现和语义查询等许多应用的前提条件和关键所在.然而不同于同构信息网络,由于异构信息空间中实体关联关系的复杂性、多样性和异构性使得实体关联关系挖掘并不是一件简单的任务,更具有挑战性.以作者文献网络为例,提出了一个通用的,由聚类、过滤、推理和量化4步骤组成的异构信息空间中基于聚类的实体关联关系挖掘算法CFRQ4A(clustering,filtering,reasoning and qualifying for associations).CFRQ4A算法不仅利用了异构实体自身的属性值,还利用了异构信息网络的结构(路径)信息;在挖掘过程中引入关联关系约束来保证关联关系的语义和逻辑正确性,并且针对实体关联关系的特点提出了关联强度量化模型.在真实数据集DBLP上的实验结果表明所提出算法是可行和有效的.     

异构信息空间中时间感知的查询时实体识别与数据融合

已有的传统的实体识别技术大多是以线下、非实时的方式,在静态数据集上进行,对于大数据集的执行通常需要大量的时间和系统资源。对于异构信息空间中具有时间信息、不断演化的异构实体来说,时间感知的查询时实体识别与数据融合越来越成为一种保证数据质量和满足用户需求的发展趋势。针对异构信息空间中使用时间上下文的关键字查询进行的实体搜索,提出一种时间感知的查询时实体识别与数据融合方法TQ-ER,以给用户提供准确的实体概貌(entity profile);提出一种迭代式时间感知的实体候选集生成算法。TQ-ER充分利用查询的时间上下文和实体的时间信息给正确的回答一个给定查询所需要的、最少的实体数据,以进行识别与数据融合。在真实数据集上的大量实验结果表明了TQ-ER的有效性和正确性。     

数据空间中数据模型及实体关联关系挖掘的研究

数据模型的研究是目前数据空间中研究的主要问题之一,是数据空间管理系统提供其它服务的基础.由于数据空间中多种异构性数据资源的共存和松散连接的特点,有必要提出一个有效、简单而且通用的数据模型来描述和管理这些数据.本文提出了分层的图数据模型lgDM来描述数据空间中的各种数据并捕捉实体间和实体类间的语义关联信息;并给出了实体关联关系挖掘的不同策略和对图加权重的方法.lgDM具有较好地通用性和扩展性,实验结果表明所提出模型的可行性和有效性.     

有效的BCDM时态信息简化方法

时态信息是管理决策中的重要支持信息,需求的不同造就了时态信息不同的表示方法.随着数据库与信息技术的深入发展,越来越需要简单高效的时态数据模型以方便时态信息的表示与处理.介绍了BCDM模型及其时态表示思想,讨论了模型中事务时间和有效时间表示在查询优化时存在的问题,提出了一种基于BCDM的时态信息简化方法,不但能够有效的保存数据库现有的时态信息,而且能够大大简化有效时间的表示,为时态数据的查询优化奠定了良好基础.     

面向云边端协同的多模态数据建模技术及其应用研究

云边端协同架构中数据类型多样，各级存储资源与计算资源存在差异，给数据管理带来新的挑战,现有数据模型或者数据模型的简单叠加都难以同时满足云边端中多模态数据管理和协同管理需求.因此,研究面向云边端协同的多模态数据建模技术成为重要的问题.其核心在于如何高效地从云边端三层架构中得到满足应用所需的查询结果.本文从云边端三层数据的数据类型出发,提出了面向云边端协同的多模态数据建模技术,给出了基于元组的多模态数据模型定义,设计了六种基类,解决多模态数据统一表征困难的问题；还提出了云边端协同查询的基本数据操作体系,以满足云边端业务场景的查询需求；并且给出了多模态数据模型的完整性约束，为查询优化奠定理论基础.最后，给出了面向云边端协同多模态数据模型的示范应用，并从数据存储时间、存储空间和查询时间三个方面对所提出的数据模型存储方法进行了验证.实验结果表明，所提方案能有效地表示云边端协同架构中的多模态数据.     

领域专业知识富关联关系提取方法

面向知识服务业中领域专业内容资源的多模态、智能化、精细化、知识化和重组化的碎片性管理需求,如何高效生成和应用专业知识,促进实体经济创新发展,成为共同的战略选择与难题.对此,重点研究八大战略新兴产业内容资源的富关联体系和知识关系标引规范,制定面向服务专业内容资源的一致性富关联关系的描述体系.构建内容资源表示实体(知识、信息、资源、服务、对象)间的富关联模式,满足实体间自动解构、聚合及智能抽取的需求,提出基于领域专业知识的富关联关系提取模型.运用多层注意力机制来凸显重要表征性信息,通过知识图谱设计并优化异构环境中核心源对象与目标对象间元属性.与以往基线模型不同,所提出的模型结构支持在特定领域下端到端的学习,不必显式依赖外部知识.实验结果表明,领域专业知识富关联关系提取方法,可有效提升富关联关系识别精度及专业知识服务效率.     

基于iMeMex数据模型的数据空间索引方法研究

目前,个人和组织的信息呈现急剧增长趋势,且非结构化数据所占比重在不断增加,这些属于某个主体的海量、分布、异构和共存的数据构成了一个异构数据空间,如何为用户提供高效、便捷和多样化的搜索查询服务是数据空间面临的巨大挑战,为数据空间中异构数据构建高效的索引方法是解决这一问题的基础。对iMeMex数据模型的特点和数据空间中查询方法进行了分析,在此基础上通过扩展倒排列表方法,提出了一种基于iMeMex数据模型的索引方法,来提高对数据空间中异构数据的搜索查询效率。新的索引方法通过扩展倒排列表的关键字列和链表节点信息索引资源视图,来支持和提高关键字查询、谓词查询和路径查询的处理效率。实验结果表明,该索引方法能够有效、可行地解决数据空间中异构数据索引和查询效率问题。     

基于信息融合理论的省情信息融合研究

省情资料具有原始性、广泛性、连续性等特征, 作为省情信息系统的基础, 是反映与揭示个类省情内容的文献资料集合。对于多源异构的省情信息序集, 适宜运用信息融合理论解决一些省情信息集成问题。通过结合省情信息系统建设研究信息融合理论及其应用, 分析了包括遥感数据等空间基础数据、国民经济数据等多源异构的多模态省情信息的特征及性质, 探讨其在数据级、特征级、决策级3 个不同层次进行信息融合的方法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.