聚苯胺／丁腈橡胶复合材料的制备及性能

通过把化学法合成的具有高导电性的聚苯胺粉末与丁腈橡胶共混，制备了聚苯胺／丁腈橡胶复合材料。实验结果表明，在丁腈橡胶中加入聚苯胺可显著提高了腈橡胶的导电性能，复合材料具有良好的综合力学性能。聚苯胺在丁腈橡胶中只起导电填料的作用，两者之间不存在化学反应。聚苯胺在丁腈橡胶中具有良好的分散性，并对丁腈橡胶具有补强作用。聚苯胺的适宜用量是３０～４０份，其用量过大时，对丁腈橡胶的硫化反应具有较强的抑制作用，并直接损害复合材料的导电性能和综合力学性能。     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电复合纤维的制备

先将涤纶纤维在苯胺溶液中预浸泡,然后进行处理,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合,同时进行掺杂制得聚苯胺/涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了苯胺单体含量、掺杂酸浓度、氧化剂浓度、反应温度及时间对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能,电导率达10~(-2)S/cm数量级。     

酚醛树脂/秸秆复合材料的制备及其性能

研究了以秸秆和酚醛树脂为主要原料制备复合环境材料的工艺方法，同时探讨了制备方法对导电性能的影响，结果表明，采用该工艺制备的酚醛树脂／秸秆复合环境材料的密度和导电性能与木质陶瓷相当，是一种新型的导电材料。     

聚苯胺/氨纶复合导电织物在应力作用下的信号响应及稳定性

采用“现场”吸附聚合法制备了聚苯胺／氨纶导电织物，并对其在静态以反应力作用下的信号稳定性能进行了研究。列出在动静态情况下导电织物表面电阻率的测定方法和计算方法。探讨了导电织物在定速伸长时，经纬向表面电阻稳定性以及表面电阻率的变化情况；分析了在定长收缩与定长伸长时表面电阻的曲线关系以及在反复拉伸了导电织物表面电阻的稳定性。实验表明：在应力作用下，导电织物经纬向的变化趋势各异。它受聚苯胺分子问的排列以厦织物松弛时间的彰响。     

提高聚苯胺导电织物导电性能的研究

分析了基布材料、织物结构、导电物质、制备工艺等对织物导电性能及聚苯胺沉积状态的影响;综述了提高聚苯胺导电织物导电性能的方法,如通过酸掺杂、加入金属离子等增加织物表面的导电因子,通过磁场、超声场等外场提高聚苯胺的分布均匀度,通过改变加工工艺、基体材料改性等提高聚苯胺在植物表面分布的均匀度和连续性;指出采用原位聚合法制备聚苯胺是最有希望实现导电织物市场化的方法,但仍然存在着亟需解决的问题,有待进一步研究.     

聚苯胺的化学合成、结构及导电性能

导电聚苯胺是结构和性能最稳定的导电高分子材料，有较广泛的应用前景。本实验用化学氧化合成方法，较系统地研究了氧化剂种类、用量、介质酸的浓度以及聚合反应温度等因素对苯胺聚合反应及产物性能的影响；找出了最适宜的合成反应条件和特殊的后处理工艺，并合成出了电导率高达３０．６５Ｓ／ｃｍ，收率达１２７．８％的高性能导电聚苯胺     

界面聚合法制备纳米聚苯胺的研究进展

由于聚苯胺的制备方法简单、环境稳定性高、原料易得和独特的酸碱掺杂-脱掺杂机制,使其成为目前研究最为广泛的导电高分子材料之一.介绍了利用界面聚合法制备各种不同形貌的纳米聚苯胺及其复合材料的研究进展,重点介绍了界面聚合法制备聚苯胺纳米纤维的研究进展和作用机理.     

成形工艺对碳纳米管/聚苯胺导电性能影响

探讨一种新型阵列式碳纳米管／聚苯胺材料的复合方法,采用CVD法制备多壁阵列式碳纳米管,采用原位聚合法将其与苯胺单体结合,制备出聚苯胺／碳纳米管复合材料,研究了氧化剂与苯胺单体比例、碳纳米管加入时间、搅拌速度等工艺因素对复合材料导电性能的影响。试验结果表明当氧化剂与苯胺单体比例为1／2、碳纳米管最初加入时电导率达到最大,搅拌速度影响很小。     

原位聚合-热膨胀制备聚苯胺/膨胀石墨复合物及导电性能研究

以-100目(孔径0.254 mm)低温可膨胀石墨为石墨固体膨胀剂,采用原位聚合-热膨胀技术制备了聚苯胺/膨胀石墨复合物,并对聚苯胺/膨胀石墨复合物进行了形貌和结构表征.同时,对聚苯胺/膨胀石墨复合物的导电性能进行了研究.结果显示,聚苯胺/膨胀石墨复合物颗粒具有蠕虫状形貌和聚苯胺包覆在膨胀石墨上的结构,其膨胀体积为10.0 mL/g;实验结果表明,反应时间和反应温度对聚苯胺/膨胀石墨复合物的导电率有影响.     

导电聚苯胺/聚苯乙烯核/壳结构复合微球的制备

通过化学改性对聚苯乙烯微球进行磺化处理，引入亲水性的磺酸基，采用原住聚合的方式，在磺酸根的掺杂下制备了具有核／壳结构的导电聚苯胺／聚苯乙烯复合微球。复合微球中聚苯胺含量为19．3％时导电率约为0．10S／cm，与用聚苯乙烯磺酸本体掺杂的导电率相当。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-