实验教学中智能寻迹小车的设计与研究

主要从实验教学中,智能小车的硬件和软件部分出发,设计与研究一辆以单片机为总控的智能寻迹小车,智能小车探测和识别轨迹采用红外传感器接受信号,同时将接收到的信号传到单片机,再由单片机将信号输送给电机.在整个系统设计中,采用PWM技术来控制小车车轮转向和电机转动的速度,从而驱动小车进行寻迹.智能化寻迹机动车辆体系主要包含3个...     

实验教学中擂台小车的设计与研究

从实验教学中,擂台小车的硬件和软件部分出发,设计与研究一辆以单片机为总控的擂台小车,擂台小车探测和识别轨迹采用红外传感器接受信号,同时将接收到的信号传到单片机,再由单片机将信号输送给电机.在整个系统设计中,采用PWM技术控制小车车轮转向和电机转动的速度,从而驱动小车进行寻迹.智能化寻迹机动车辆体系包含3个重要组成部分:...     

基于MC9S12DG128单片机智能车设计与实现

本智能车控制系统采用飞思卡尔16位单片机作为唯一的核心控制单元,加以直流电机、舵机、光电传感器和电源电路以及其他电路构成。由安装在车前部的反射式红外传感器负责采集信号,并将采集到的电平信号传入核心控制单元,核心控制单元对信号进行判别处理后,由PWM4发生模块发出PWM波,分别对转向舵机和直流电机进行控制,完成智能车的转向与前进。智能车后轮上装有霍尔传感器,用来采集车轮转速反馈的脉冲信号,并经由核心控制单元进行PID控制算法处理后会自动调节输入到电机驱动模块的PWM波占空比,从而控制小车的速度。寻迹由RPR220型光电管完成。     

基于MCS-51控制的军用自动仓储搬运机器人设计实现

介绍了自动仓储搬运机器人的设计与实现。该系统由智能小车、机械抓手和图像识别系统三部分组成,智能小车基于MCS-51单片机控制,利用红外发射对管进行寻迹,采用直流减速电机驱动实现了军用自动仓储搬运机器人智能搬运的载体,图像识别采用红外探射点阵对图像进行探射并识别,机械抓手由执行模块实现。系统核心由单片机、图像识别与机械抓手为主体构成的闭环控制系统,实现了智能寻迹,图像识别,物体搬运等功能。该系统设计简单,易于实现,在智能控制领域应用广泛。     

一种智能搬运机器人的设计与实现

为了提高工业生产中重复性工作的劳动效率,设计了一种基于ATmega16单片机的智能搬运机器人;系统采用涡流传感器检测金属线进行路径识别,通过单片机控制舵机使机器人能够按照预定的路线行驶,自主判断货物方位,并将货物运送到指定位置:主要阐述了系统中机械结构设计、路径识别、舵机驱动等重要环节的实现方法,并通过ISP下载模块实现系统与电脑的信息交互;通过模型测试表明,该系统能够满足自动搬运货物的设计目的,对降低工人从事重复性劳动时的事故率和提高劳动生产率具有较高的应用价值.     

基于MC9S128的电磁导航智能车的设计与实现

介绍了一种基于电磁导航路径识别的智能车控制系统。该系统基于第五届全国大学生飞思卡尔杯智能汽车大赛的设计要求,使用飞思卡尔16位单片机MC9S128为核心控制单元,设计了赛道信号源、电磁导航传感器、电源管理模块、电机驱动电路、停车磁铁检测电路等硬件电路;在控制算法方面利用PID、BangBang及模糊控制相结合的方式,使得智能车能够自动采集信号,分析引导线信息、控制舵机转向,实现了智能车的自动寻迹功能。     

基于红外传感器的智能寻迹赛车的设计与实现

介绍了一种基于红外传感器进行路径识别的智能寻迹赛车的设计与实现方案.赛车系统采用红外传感器检测赛道白线,通过舵机控制赛车转向,直流电机调节车速,使赛车能够实现快速稳定的寻迹行驶.详细阐述了系统中电源管理、路径识别、电机驱动、车速检测等重要环节的实现方法,并通过赛车运动模型的建立与分析,对赛车的方向控制和速度控制提出了较为理想的解决方案.     

基于模糊控制的自主寻迹机器人设计

以飞思卡尔16 bit单片机MC9S12XS128为核心控制单元,设计了寻迹传感器,避障模块、驱动模块以及调试模块等硬件电路。在控制算法上采用模糊控制对小车进行控制,使得机器人能自动采集信息,分析外部环境,控制电机转向及寻迹,实现了机器人的自动寻迹以及避障功能。     

基于STC89C52的智能寻迹小车设计

研究设计一款智能寻迹小车,采用STC89C52单片机控制,以红外光电传感器采集路面信息,PWM控制电机方向和调速,LED数码管和发光二极管动态显示,加以声控和蜂鸣器报警实现对小车的智能控制。系统主要由红外光电传感器、单片机控制电路、电机驱动模块电路、显示模块电路、声控和报警电路等组成。传感器、单片机和驱动单元共同作用,配合必要程序,从而实现了小车的自动识别路线,判断并自动躲避障碍,选择正确行进路线。整个系统的电路结构简单,低功耗,可靠性能高,智能化程度高。     

送餐机器人的制作

本机器人是以有机玻璃为车架,以H8/3672单片机为控制核心.加以直流电机、红外传感器和电源电路以及其他电路构成.系统由H8/3672通过!O口输出信号控制驱动芯片LMD18200来控制机器人的驱动电机.主要是通过控制驱动电机的电流输入情况来控制机器人的前进、后退以及转向.寻迹由LTH1550-01的红外传感器完成.机器人的升降系统由单片机设定程序来控制步进电机实现.在行进路线中设定"T"型点作为目的点,抵达目的点通过控制器来控制起落架的升降.另外,本系统采用了日立的H8系列MCU作为控制芯片(H8/3672),其特点是在重新装载程序方面比一般单片机灵活且更适合本系统.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.