P3软件在河北省人民医院一期工程项目管理中的应用初探

文章论述了本项目以及P3软件的特点,说明引入P3进行项目管理的重要性。初步探讨了P3在本项目中的应用模式以及重点对进度管理所取得的成果。     

量化分级管理在管道直饮水卫生监督中的应用研究

目的探索量化分级管理模式在管道直饮水卫生监督中的应用。方法应用Delphi法，进行指标筛选和权重赋值。选择疾病控制、卫生监督、水务行业和科研院校等领域专家以及供水企业经理级别及其以上的负责人。共44名专家参加。结果开展3轮咨询；专家积极系数大于90％；专家权威系数在0．5—0．95变化，中位数为0．78；9个协调系数中，7个在0．35以上，3个在0．5以上，P值均远小于0．05。建立的管道直饮水卫生监督量化分级评分指标体系，共计35项，其中，一级项目4项，二级项目17项，三级项目14项。一级项目中，日常操作的权重最高，为32．0；而在日常操作的二级项目中，管网控制及清洗消毒的分值较高，为7．7。其它项目中，水处理工艺和设备、供水管网的敷设、水处理材料维护和水质自检等的权重相对较高，分别为10．8、8．1、7．4和6．9；应引起关注的是，预防性许可的权重为8．7。     

六西格玛在评价内分泌项目分析性能上的应用

目的探讨六西格玛(6σ)在评价内分泌项目分析性能上的应用价值。 方法收集本实验室2018年10月至2019年3月室内质控(IQC)数据以及2018年第二次和2019年第一次室间质量评价(EQA)数据，应用四个不同来源的性能规范作为质量目标、室内质控长期累计的变异系数作为精密度和室间质评项目的百分差值作为偏倚分别评估内分泌项目的σ水平，分析不同质量目标对内分泌项目的σ值所产生的差异，并制定个性化的室内质控方案。评估σ值<6项目的质量目标指数(QGI)，为实验室的质量改进提供实施方案。 结果不同的质量目标，各项目的σ分布存在显著差异，依据国家EQA评价标准、生物学变异导出"适当的"质量规范和美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)推荐的质量规范，σ值≥6项目的比例分布于20.0%~35.4%之间；依据西班牙EQA评价标准，则未见σ值≥6的项目。依据各项目的分析性能，制定个性化的室内质控方案：总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)、促甲状腺素(TSH)、黄体生成素(LH)和睾酮(T)选择单规则1_3s进行质量控制；催乳素(PRL)选择多规则1_3s/2_2s/R_4s进行质量控制；游离甲状腺素(FT4)选择多规则1_3s/2_2s/R_4s/4_1s进行质量控制；游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、总甲状腺素(TT4)、雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)和孕酮(P)选择多规则1_3s/2_2s/R_4s/4_1S/8_X进行质量控制。依据我国EQA评价标准，FT3、FT4、TT4、E2、FSH、P、PRL项目均需优先改进精密度。 结论6σ能够客观评价内分泌项目的分析性能，并促进实验室检测质量的持续改进。     

河南省适龄儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭5年效果

目的 了解河南省儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目实施近5年来，儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭剂保留情况及防龋效果。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样，抽取2015-2017年参加过河南省儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目的 7～9岁儿童及同项目区县非项目学校的同年级儿童。共抽取5 330名儿童，项目学校2 715名，非项目学校2 615名。项目学校第一恒磨牙进行过窝沟封闭的儿童为实验组，检查其第一恒磨牙封闭剂保留情况及患龋情况；项目学校与非项目学校未做过窝沟封闭的学生分为A、B、C 3个对照组，检查其第一恒磨牙患龋情况。分别比较不同牙位、不同封闭时间实验组和对照组儿童患龋率及龋病发病率。结果 实验组儿童第一恒磨牙封闭3年、4年、5年后，封闭剂保留率分别为89.75%、84.01%、71.79%，龋病发病率分别为10.23%、13.97%、18.48%，与B对照组比较，龋齿降低率分别为57.79%、49.43%、34.31%；封闭3年、4年、5年后儿童龋病发病率实验组低于A对照组(22.16%、27.70%、29.11%)(P均<0.05)、也低于B对照组(24.24%、27.63%、28.13%)(P均<0...     

糖尿病社区适宜技术应用效果评价

目的了解糖尿病社区适宜技术的综合防治效果，为糖尿病的社区综合防治提供理论依据。方法对深圳市宝安区公明街道登记在册的87例糖尿病患者进行为期1年的系统管理和行为干预，随访观察治疗结局并与项目实施前的基线资料进行对比分析。结果项目的实施可以提高医务人员（P=0．00）和患者（P=0．03）对糖尿病相关知识的了解。有效控制血糖（P=0．00），降低医疗费用（P=0．00）。结论糖尿病社区适宜技术的开发与应用对提高糖尿病的综合防治效果，降低医疗费用有着重大的实践意义。     

胸腺肽α1与低分子肝素钙联合治疗多器官功能障碍综合征临床研究

目的探讨应用胸腺肽仪，与低分子肝素钙联合治疗多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）患者效果。方法给以16例患者胸腺肽α1 1.6mg皮下注射1次／d和低分子肝素钙5000U皮下注射2次／d，连用7d。治疗过程中，监测肝功能、肾功能、血气分析及血白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、凝血酶原时间（PT）、纤维蛋白原（Fib）、凝血酶时间（TF）等凝血常规项目和3P试验。结果10例患者血流动力学明显改善，顽固性低氧血症得到控制，呼吸功能指标也相应好转。3例DIC患者在应用胸腺肽α1与低分子肝素钙治疗后凝血指标显著好转。3例死亡。结论无明显出血倾的情况下，应用胸腺肽仅。与低分子肝素钙进行治疗MODS安全、有效。     

国家自然科学基金资助医药类项目的绩效评价

文章调查了3所医科大学1991－1995年间获得国家自然科学基金资助的医药类面上项目的投入产出情况，通过项目参加者情况、经费使用、论文产出、获奖、专利和产业化，获得后续资助及人才培养等方面，比较了3种高校的项目投入产出情况。作者对项目绩效评价进行了讨论，指出应当按照评价目的合理选择评价指标，高效科技管理部门通常采用的绩效评价指标均存在缺陷，实际应用中需要联合使用这些指标并综合考查评价。     

国家自然科学基金资助医药类项目的绩效评价

通过对3所医科大学199l—1995年间获得国家自然科学基金资助的医药类面上项目的投入产出情况，通过项目参加者情况、经费使用、论文产出、获奖、专利和产业化、获得后续资助及人才培养等方面，比较了3所高校的项目投入产出情况；作者对项目绩效评价进行了讨论，指出应当按照评价目的合理选择评价指标，高校科技管理部门通常采用的绩效评价指标均存在缺陷，实际应用中需要联合使用这些指标并综合考查评价。     

某医院应用项目管理的启示

介绍医院应用项目管理的3个案例,总结项目管理运行经验,提出要处理好项目管理运行机制与现有运行机制的若干冲突,把握3个类型项目的组织运行要点,为医院开展项目管理应用提供参考。     

现代医疗卫生工程建设管理模式的探讨

文章分析了现代医疗卫生工程项目建设及管理的特点及现状，介绍了现代建设项目管理的3种常见模式，阐述了PMT管理模式在医疗卫生工程上的应用，即强调在结合业主优势基础上，通过专业化的项目管理公司和专业人员来进行项目管理。     

Design of training programs for a positive youth development program: Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

To facilitate the implementation of the Secondary 1 to Secondary 3 program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong, systematic training programs are designed for the potential program implementers. The rationales, objectives and design of the Secondary 1 to Secondary 3 training programs are outlined in this paper. The training programs cover theories of adolescent development, positive youth development, background and curricula of the Project P.A.T.H.S., factors affecting program implementation quality and evaluation of the project. Besides introducing the curriculum units, the training programs also focus on nature of learning and related theories (particularly experiential learning), teaching methods and instructional techniques, motivating students, and classroom management.     

Experiential and reflective learning approaches for the train-the-trainers program of Project P.A.T.H.S

This paper describes the successful application of experiential and reflective learning approaches to promote personal and professional growth of social workers and teachers in the train-the-trainer program of Project P.A.T.H.S. Qualitative data revealed that program participants benefited from their learning experiences. The paper inquires into the dilemma of experiential and reflective learning. Recommendations are presented for those interested in using experiential and reflective approaches for training programs.     

Training evaluation of the Secondary 3 Training Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

A total of 235 participants from 48 schools participated in a 3-day training program designed to train teachers and social workers to implement the Secondary 3 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. At the end of the training program, participants were invited to respond to a structured subjective outcome evaluation questionnaire containing 31 items. The findings revealed that most of the respondents had very positive perceptions about the training program and the instructors. The present evaluation findings are consistent with the subjective outcome evaluation findings in Secondary 1 and Secondary 2 Training Programs, which revealed the training program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. generated positive reactions, enhanced learning, and desired behavioral changes in the program participants.     

Subjective outcome evaluation of the Secondary 2 Training Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

Subjective outcome evaluation findings based on the perceptions of the participants who participated in a 3-day training program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. are reported in this paper. Results showed that most of the respondents were satisfied with and had positive perceptions about the training program. They also reported that they were able to acquire attitude, knowledge and skills conducive to the successful implementation of the program. In addition, the findings suggest that the training program is effective in promoting the participants' self-reflections. The present findings provide support for the effectiveness of the Secondary 2 Training Program (Experimental Implementation Phase) of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong.     

Logminer在军卫系统中的应用和实现

目的：快速定位和更正“军卫一号”系统中出现的各种应用级数据错误。方法：使用Oracle提供的日志分析和挖掘工具Logminer，对军卫系统使用的Oracle数据库系统的日志文件进行分析、挖掘，并结合挂号程序的一个具体实例，详细介绍Logminer的基本概念、配置方式以及使用方法。结果：使用Logminer准确有效的定位，查明了挂号程序引起的数据错误，并使用undo_value字段提供的SQL语句。恢复了错误数据。结论：使用Logminer定位和更正军卫系统中的应用级数据错误，方法简单、准确，方便．它应该成为医院信息系统维护人员的一项基本技能。     

Secondary 1 Training Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong: qualitative evaluation findings

A total of 1177 participants from 45 training workshops joined a 3-day training program of the P.A.T.H.S. Project (Secondary 1 Program) in Hong Kong. At the end of each training workshop, participants were invited to respond to a questionnaire comprising 31 structured items and two open-ended questions which assessed what they had learned and experienced in the training workshop. Qualitative analyses of the participants' responses to the two open-ended questions showed that the participants generally had positive evaluation of the training, although some suggestions for improvements were noted. The present study, which was based on a sizable sample size, reinforced the previous evaluation findings that the Secondary 1 Training Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong promoted the knowledge and attitudes of the potential program implementers.     

Subjective outcome evaluation of the Project P.A.T.H.S.: findings based on different datasets

A total of 216 schools participated in the Project P.A.T.H.S. in the 2008/2009 school year. After completion of the Tier 1 Program, subjective outcome evaluation data were collected from 3274 program implementers. Based on the consolidated data with schools as units, results showed that participants had positive perceptions of the program, implementers and benefits of the program. More than four-fifths of the implementers regarded the program as helpful to the program participants. Multiple regression analysis revealed that perceived qualities of the program and the program implementers predicted perceived effectiveness of the program. Grade differences were not significant, except in the perception of the program for the Secondary 1 and Secondary 3 programs. The present study provides additional support for the effectiveness of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong.     

Qualitative evaluation of the training program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong

A total of 358 participants from 52 schools participated in a 3-day training program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. At the end of the training program, participants were invited to write down what they had learned and their experience. A total of 317 written comments were collected from the participants in four training workshops. The results showed that most respondents had a positive perception of the training program and instructors. Most participants felt that the training program enhanced their understanding of positive youth development and the project and offered them opportunities for self-reflection. Participants showed more confidence in program implementation but also pointed out the difficulties in program implementation. This qualitative evaluation study provides support for the effectiveness of the training program in the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong.