空冷汽轮机低压末级变工况设计

采用CFD技术对空冷汽轮机低压末级进行全三维变工况设计，掌握了空冷机组末级动叶的变工况运行时的流动情况，对因高背压产生压力面流动分离进而引发颤振的机理有了一定了解。分析结果表明，采用专用强化叶型、控制反动度、控制攻角等方法可以有效保证空冷机组变工况安全高效运行。     

大型空冷汽轮机通流设计

采用CFD技术对某大型空冷汽轮机通流进行全三维变工况设计,掌握了空冷机组通流的三维流动特点,采用了包含汽封的叶片整体优化全三维设计,新型反动式大焓降叶片等新技术。并设计了专用于空冷机组的末级长叶片及相应低压排汽装置,有效保证了空冷机组安全高效运行。     

空冷50MW机组低压缸变工况三维流场数值分析

介绍了采用Numeca的Fine／Turbo软件对某空冷50MW机组低压缸末三级进行了变工况三维粘性数值模拟，重点分析了不同背压条件对机组低压缸性能的影响。详细分析各工况下的三维流场信息，结果显示背压变化对末级的影响比较大，在高背压、小容积流量工况下，在末级动叶中部出现较大的分离区。通过分析研究低压缸全工况三维流场，可深入了解透平内部流动机理，有助于进一步优化空冷机组设计。     

空冷汽轮机末级680mm叶片的开发

空冷汽轮机组在电力市场上所占的份额越来越大,哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司对空冷汽轮机组进行了冷端优化,设计背压由15kPa降为11kPa。为提高机组效率,需要设计一个比原有空冷末级620mm叶片排汽面积更大、余速损失更小的空冷末级叶片。     

大型空冷汽轮机关键技术及解决策略研究

针对大型空冷汽轮机背压和排汽温度随环境温度变化的运行特点,指出了末级叶片变工况问题、低压内缸严重变形以及低压轴承箱变形导致轴承标高不断变化等关键难点。根据多年来空冷汽轮机的设计实践,提出了高阻尼结构末级长叶片、落地式低压缸和落地式轴承等设计技术,设计制造了空冷汽轮机,圆满解决了以上难题,在实际运行中安全高效。     

大功率空冷机组末三级动叶片的设计及其频率试验

介绍了大功率空冷机组末三级动叶片的设计及其动静频试验情况。通过计算和试验的对比分析,改进了次次末级动叶片的初始设计状态并确定了末三级动叶片围带的最终尺寸。试验表明,大功率空冷机组低压末三级动叶的设计是成功的,叶片能满足空冷机组的长期安全运行要求。     

330 MW空冷汽轮机低压末级712 mm动叶片的设计

为了确保新设计的330 MW空冷汽轮机低压末级712 mm动叶片能够高效、安全和稳定的运行,分别从结构、气动、强度和振动方面对叶片进行优化设计。7年多机组实际的运行考验证明712 mm动叶片达到了预期设计优化的效果。     

665毫米末级叶片在小容积流量工况下的试验研究

一、前言现代汽轮机单机功率越大,末级叶片就越长。末级的功率占整台机组功率7～9％左右。因此,保证汽轮机低压末级长叶片在设计工况特别是在变工况下的安全经济运行,是发展大功率供热、调峰、空冷机组的关键技术问题在深度变工况下,末级喷嘴与动叶之间的轴向间隙顶部产生旋涡,动叶出口根部产生脱流和倒流,排汽部分过热,使末级效率显著降低,动应力水平增高,发生失速颤振和动叶根部出汽边水蚀,造成叶片断裂事故。为了保障末级叶片的工作可靠性,应从     

300MW直接空冷汽轮机低压末级流场测量

直接空冷汽轮机组背压受气象条件变化大,造成低压转子运行工况变化大,给末级叶片设计带来新的要求,但未见国内外有报道对直接空冷机组末级流场和湿蒸汽进行过实测研究.作者用新研制的改进型联合探针对某电厂300MW直接空冷机组低压汽轮机末级流场和蒸汽湿度进行了测量.测量结果表明汽流速度从叶根到叶顶逐步增,但静压则基本不变.本文给出了流场测量的所有结果.     

空冷汽轮机末两级变工况三维流动的数值模拟

采用三维粘性数值模拟方法对变工况下空冷汽轮机末两级流动进行了模拟,研究了效率和脱流高度等重要参数的变化规律,着重分析了设计点和小容积流量工况时的三维流场。通过分析了解了机组在变工况运行时末级流动的特点,为空冷汽轮机末级叫片的设计和优化提供了依据。图8参5     

空冷汽轮机末级长叶片设计特点

简要介绍空冷汽轮机运行的工况特点和末级叶片的设计特点,通过对空冷末级叶片的结构力学设计特性和气动设计特性的定性分析,总结了叶片的大刚度大阻尼结构设计、成圈结构调频设计、优化排汽环形面积设计(最佳叶高)、优良的叶形通道设计、优良的变工况性能设计,以及小容积流量下叶片的动应力和颤振特性等设计原则。     

600MW等级二缸空冷汽轮机长叶片开发

介绍了基于STC长叶片设计平台完成的600MW等级二排汽空冷汽轮机长叶片的设计开发,主要从气动和强度振动两方面阐述了末级叶片的设计要点和工作特性。结果表明,该末级叶片具有良好的振动特性和变工况特性,并对新的长叶片的设计开发有一定的指导意义。     

Influence of blade deformation and yawed inflow on performance of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine

For a better design of tidal stream turbines operated in off-design conditions, analyses considering the effects of blade deformation and yawed inflow conditions are necessary. The flow load causes deformation of the blade, and the deformation affects the turbine performance in return. Also, a yawed inflow influences the performance of the turbine. As a validation study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was carried out to predict the performance of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine (HATST) with rigid blades. The numerical uncertainty for the turbine performance with blade deformation and a yawed inflow was evaluated using the concept of the grid convergence index (GCI). A fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis was carried out to estimate the performance of a turbine with flexible composite blades, with the results then compared to those of an analysis with rigid blades. The influence of yawed inflow conditions on the turbine performance was investigated and found to be important in relation to power predictions in the design stages.     

Development of a gas turbine performance analysis program and its application

A general-purpose performance prediction program, which can simulate various types of gas turbine such as simple, recuperative, and reheat cycle engines, has been developed. A stage-stacking method has been adopted for the compressor, and a stage-by-stage model including blade cooling has been used for the turbine. The combustor model has the capability of dealing with various types of gaseous fuels. The program has been validated through simulation of various commercial gas turbines. The simulated design performance has been in good agreement with reference data for all of the gas turbines. The average deviations of the predicted performance parameters (power output, thermal efficiency, and turbine exhaust temperature) were less than 0.5% in the design simulations. The accuracy of the simulation of off-design operation was also good. The maximum root mean square deviations of the predicted off-design performance parameters from the reference data were 0.22% and 0.44% for the two simple cycle engines, 0.22% for the recuperative cycle engine, and 0.21% for the reheat cycle engine. Both the design and off-design simulations confirmed that the component models and the program structure are quite reliable for the performance prediction of various types of gas turbine cycle over a wide range of operations.     

大小叶片扩压叶栅气动性能与流动结构实验研究

针对45°叶型转折角扩压叶栅及增加小叶片后组成的大小叶片叶栅,分别测量了其在设计工况及不同气流攻角下的叶栅气动性能,通过PIV实验获得了对应工况下的叶栅内部流动状态.结果表明：增加小叶片后,叶片压力面至吸力面的压力梯度明显降低,大叶片载荷降低;在设计工况下,叶栅气流落后角仍可参考霍威尔半经验公式进行计算,但偏离设计工况后,该公式存在较大误差;大小叶片叶栅的气流落后角仅在小气流攻角下明显减小,在其余工况下变化不大;不同气流攻角下小叶片对大叶片表面气流流动分离起到约束作用;在设计工况至大气流攻角工况变化过程中,叶栅扩压损失有所降低.     

Numerical Analysis of the Aeroelastic Behaviour for the Last Turbine Stage in 3D Transonic Flow

An understanding of the physics of the mutual interaction between gas flow and oscillating blades, and the development of predictive capabilities is essential for improving overall efficiency, durability and reliability. In this study presented the algorithm proposed involving the coupled solution of 3D unsteady flow through a turbine stage and dynamic problem for rotor blades motion by action of aerodynamic forces without separating outer and inner flow fluctuations. There has been performed the calculations for the last stage of the steam turbine under design and off-design regimes. It has investigated the mutual influence of both outer flow non-uniformity and blades oscillations. It has shown that amplitude-frequency spectrum of blade oscillations contains the high frequency harmonics, corresponding to rotor moving one stator blade pitch, and low frequency harmonics caused by blade oscillations and flow non-uniformity downstream from the blade row.     

轴流压气机叶片优化设计

开发了基于梯度法的数值优化程序,并与三维粘性流场求解程序相结合对跨音压气机动叶片进行了以绝热效率最大为目标的三维气动优化设计。先对其进行了沿弦长方向掠设计,绝热效率可提高约0．65％。再对所得掠叶片进行叶型中弧线优化设计得到最终叶片,与初始叶片相比绝热效率提高达1．05％。优化结果表明,动叶片的单纯掠型叶片改进气动性能有限,而弦向掠与中弧线的联合优化设计可以显著改善叶片排内流动状况,并具有良好的变工况性能。     

基于数值优化的跨音速压气机动叶三维设计

实验验证了三维粘性流场求解程序,然后采用基于梯度法的数值优化程序对跨音压气机动叶积叠线进行优化设计,得到了弯掠结合的三维叶片,并对其进行了数值模拟及详细的流场分析.结果表明采用弯掠的三维动叶可以有效的改变叶片排内三维激波结构,降低尾迹损失,显著提高动叶的整体绝热效率,并使动叶具有更加良好的变工况性能.     

简单循环燃气轮机系统建模及其变工况性能分析

以PG6541B燃气轮机为研究对象，充分利用已公开的燃气轮机数据，探讨了简单循环燃气轮机设计工况和变工况下建模的方法。用半经验公式，对冷却空气量的分配进行了计算。利用基元叶栅法，计算得到了压气机的通用特性曲线。分析了燃烧室喷水对燃气轮机性能的影响。图7表2参9     

空冷汽轮机低压末级系列长叶片的研制

系统地介绍了哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司空冷机组专用的末级叶片系列的设计要点,该设计针对空冷末级叶片的工作特点,有效地把末级叶片的安全性和经济性结合起来,保证了空冷机组的安全高效运行。