炭基生物增效材料的制备及其在印染废水处理中的应用研究

目的:探讨炭基生物增效材料提高印染废水中化学需氧量、氨氮、总氮去除率的深度机理。方法:(1)通过正交实验,确定构建炭基生物增效材料的最佳配比;(2)通过中试实验,并与同期某印染污水处理厂使用生物活性炭法对水质的处理效果做对比。结果:炭基生物增效材料对废水中化学需氧量的去除率达到了80%、氨氮的去除率达到了96%、总氮的去除率达到了50%以上,优于生物活性炭法对印染废水的处理效果。结论:炭基生物增效材料加入活性污泥系统之后,在材料表面负载了一定厚度的生物膜,产生了氧梯度,形成了吸附-生物降解-再吸附的生物增效循环系统,极大的改善了微生物的生存和繁殖环境。因此,炭基生物增效材料的投加对印染废水中主要污染物的去除率有明显的提升效果,具有良好的实际应用前景。     

氢氧化镁吸附-陶瓷膜微滤对印染废水脱色的研究

采用氢氧化钱吸附与陶瓷膜微滤过程相结合进行活性染料废水脱色处理,重点在于对预处理条伯及微滤操作条件的考察。研究表明,采用氢氧化镁吸附预处理的同滤技术对含活性产的印染放废水脱色处理是完全可行的。具有脱色率高、操作简单的优点,在合适的条件下,脱色率可达９８％以上,１．０μｍ膜的通量在１５０Ｌ／（ｍ＾２．ｈ）左右。     

氢氧化镁/壳聚糖复合絮凝剂处理模拟印染废水的研究

采用氢氧化镁/壳聚糖复合絮凝剂处理模拟印染废水,考察pH值、复合絮凝剂投加量、质量配比(m壳聚糖∶m镁盐)等条件对模拟印染废水吸附效果的影响,并通过正交试验确定最佳吸附条件及主要影响因素。结果表明:最佳吸附条件为模拟印染废水pH值11.0,复合絮凝剂投加量0.06g,m壳聚糖∶m镁盐=1∶1,搅拌15min,静置15min,离心20min,脱色率可达到94.56%;模拟印染废水的pH值是吸附过程中的主要影响因素。     

印染废水深度处理中的功能膜材料及膜污染预防

印染废水由于其高色度、高COD、高盐度和可生化性差的特点,成为废水处理领域的一大难题。与常规方法相比,膜法废水处理技术由于其高效、节能、无二次污染等优点而倍受关注。本文主要结合印染废水和膜法废水处理技术的特点,综述了超滤和纳滤等功能膜材料在印染废水深度处理中的应用。胶束强化超滤以及超滤与传统工艺联用的方法有效解决了单独超滤对小分子染料去除率不高的问题,而纳滤不仅对染料脱色效果较好,而且可达到回收染料和回用水的目的,因而具有极其广阔的应用前景。文章还针对废水处理过程中存在的膜污染问题,分析了相应的预防措施。     

新型印染废水脱色材料的研究

以一种低成本的粘土矿物--杭锦2 #土为原料,通过酸活化、碱复合、造粒、烘干、煅烧后制得了新型高效印染废水脱色材料.当脱色材料投加量为5g/L,静态作用10min后对0.1mol/L、初始pH值为10～12的三种不同性质的活性红、分散红、还原红单一染料废水均有90%以上的脱色率;对实际印染废水的脱色率可达95%以上;经750℃煅烧后的颗粒脱色材料,经水溶液浸泡20天不散裂,有效地解决了传统的粉末脱色材料处理过程中存在的固液难以分离以及染料无法回收的问题.     

纳米材料在印染废水处理中的应用进展

印染废水是一类水质水量变化大、成分复杂、色度高、生物毒性大、含多种抑制物质的难降解高浓度有机废水。印染废水的处理一直是污水治理领域的一个难题，是目前国内外水处理的难点和热点。介绍了纳米材料在印染废水处理中的应用进展情况，并对其应用前景作了展望．     

多孔矿物载体对纳米TiO2复合材料光催化脱色性能的影响

以多孔矿物沸石、硅藻土、高岭石和坡缕石为载体,采用TiCl4水解法制备了纳米TiO2/多孔矿物复合光催化材料。采用XRD分析了材料的成分和结构,采用甲基橙染料废水评价并对比了材料的光催化性能。研究表明,复合材料中纳米TiO2均为锐钛矿结构,且矿物载体结构未被破坏。由于沸石、硅藻土和坡缕石具有很好的吸附性能,制备的材料在光照初期即对甲基橙染料废水表现出很好的脱色效果。高岭石由于吸附性能相对较弱,导致材料对甲基橙染料废水的脱色效果不佳。     

膜集成技术处理鄂尔多斯羊绒集团生产废水中试研究

介绍采用膜集成技术处理鄂尔多斯羊绒集团公司洗毛、印染、漂洗和离子交换床再生等工业废水 .该系统采用水膜除尘技术用废水冲洗发电厂烟道气 ,吸收烟道气中的酸性气体 ;在水力除灰过程中 ,由于烟道灰的吸附而使废水脱脂、脱色 ;经沉降除渣 ;曝气氧化除硫离子 ;超滤除菌除浊 ;反渗透脱盐等过程使热电厂烟道气达标排放 ,工业废水得到深度处理 ,变成软水供热电厂和生产车间回用 .该系统日处理生产废水 1 5 0 0m3 ,水收率 70 % .日回收烟道灰 60m3 ,用于生产空心砖     

催化铝内电解法预处理印染废水的试验

本试验以铝作为反应材料,铜作为催化材料构成反应器,预处理印染废水,弥补了催化铁内电解工艺处理强碱度印染废水效果不佳的局限。探讨了铝铜比、反应时间、进水pH值、温度等因素对处理效果的影响,得出了最佳工艺条件。     

浅谈印染废水水质特征及处理技术

根据印染废水的来源不同，分别介绍了水质特点及排放规律，重点对印染废水的处理方法进行了归纳和总结。并建议解决印染废水污染问题应坚持改革工艺，从源头减少污染物排放和积极治理所排放污水、实现污水回用相结合的方针。     

Electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater and its reuse

It is attempted in the present investigation to treat organic pollutant present in the textile effluent using an electrochemical treatment technique. Experiments are carried out in a batch electrochemical cell covering wide range in operating conditions. Due to the strong oxidizing potential of the chemicals produced, the effluent COD is reduced substantially in this treatment technique. The influence of effluent initial concentration, pH, supporting electrolyte concentration and the anode material on pollutant degradation has been critically examined. It is further attempted in the present investigation to reuse the treated wastewater for dyeing purpose. Several cycles of dyeing operations have been performed with the treated textile wastewater and the dye uptake and water quality have been critically examined at each cycle of dyeing process. The results indicate that the electrochemical method is a feasible technique for treatment of textile wastewater and electrochemically treated wastewater can be effectively reused for dyeing application.     

A study on establishing an optimal water network in a dyeing and finishing industrial park

The problem caused by large water consumption in a dyeing and finishing industrial park needs to be solved urgently. In this paper, a mathematical programming model for water integration in the dyeing and finishing industrial park (DFIP) is established. This model can optimize the water network on the basis of the minimum total annual cost. The superstructure, base of the formulas, considers shared multistage wastewater treatment facilities according to the real situation of DFIP, which is not involved in the previous study. It allows the wastewater reuse in the same plant and the water exchange with different plants. The treated water from each stage of shared multistage treatment facilities could be segregated and directed to the plants for reuse, to the next stage for advanced treatment, and/or discharged to the environment. In addition, this study also develops a water metabolism analytical method to ensure the practicability of the model. It mainly functions as analyzing the wastewater quality and water quality requirement for dyeing and finishing plant, which aims at both exploring potential water recovery and amending impractical water connections. The results obtained in a practical example indicate that the water reuse rate of the optimized water network reaches up to 73 % and the total annual cost can be decreased by 54 %.     

超滤技术在水污染控制和水回用中的应用

概述了超滤技术在水回用与深度处理以及含油废水、纺织印染废水、造纸废水、食品废水等工业废水处理及其在膜生物反应器领域中的应用．     

气相分子吸收光谱法测定印染废水中的氨氮

本文用气相分子吸收光谱法测定印染废水中的氨氮。气相分子吸收光谱法应用国内的气相分子吸收光谱仪测定印染废水中氨氮,与纳氏试剂法相比较,该方法快捷简单、受干扰小、分析精度高。     

Environment and energy efficient dyeing of woollen fabric with sticta coronata

For a trial to improve the natural dyeing cultural heritage to meet the environmental future demands technology to reach high quality dyed patterns. This paper deals with extraction, dyeing of woollen fabric with “Sticta Coronata” under ultrasonic energy and glucose/hydrogen peroxide based redox system. The efficiency of ultrasonic-assisted extraction in presence of 9:1 water:acetone solvent and dyeing in presence of redox system, followed by alum mordanting have been studied in compared when the system was absent and the traditional thermal technique. The influence of redox system, ultrasonic energy and alum mordanting on the rate of dyeing and dye fixation has been demonstrated, and the mechanism of glucose/hydrogen peroxide redox system has been tentatively suggested. The extraction with 9:1 water:acetone solvent possesses higher absorbency in shorter extraction time compared with the aqueous one. Redox system reduced the rate of dyeing at lower temperature with significant enhancement on the dye exhaustion and fixation, involving covalent bonding in addition to the usual coulombic bond. Mordanting process exhibited negligible effect and might decline the percentages of dye exhaustion and fixation in presence of redox system. Ultrasonic energy provided easy efficient route for dye extraction, dyeing, and mordanting processes in compared with the traditional thermal technique.     

水胶炸药排放污水中硝酸钠快速测定法

采用ＰＮａ玻璃电极测定了水胶炸药生产排放污水中的Ｎａ＾＋含量，此法保持了直接电位测定法中干扰因素少的优点，分析速度快且结果准确。     

丙烯酸2-乙基己酯与醋酸乙烯酯共聚合成高吸油性树脂的研究

以丙烯酸2－乙基己酯与醋酸乙烯酯为单体，采用悬浮聚合法，以单体自交联制得高吸油性树脂。对影响其吸油性能的多种因素，如单体配比、引发剂、油水相比的用量等，进行了系统的研究，得到的高吸油性树脂吸苯最高达16．1g/g，吸甲苯为14．8g/g，吸环己烷为13．3g/g，吸煤油为12．5g/g，可用于河面、海洋浮油的回收及工厂废水处理等领域.     

Optimization of coagulation-flocculation process for pulp and paper mill effluent by response surface methodological analysis

Coagulation-flocculation is a proven technique for the treatment of high suspended solids wastewater. In this study, the central composite face-centered design (CCFD) and response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied to optimize two most important operating variables: coagulant dosage and pH, in the coagulation-flocculation process of pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment. The treated wastewater with high total suspended solids (TSS) removal, low SVI (sludge volume index) and high water recovery are the main objectives to be achieved through the coagulation-flocculation process. The effect of interactions between coagulant dosage and pH on the TSS removal and SVI are significant, whereas there is no interaction between coagulant dosage and water recovery. Quadratic models have been developed for the response variables, i.e. TSS removal, SVI and water recovery based on the high coefficient of determination (R(2)) value of >0.99 obtained from the analysis of variances (ANOVA). The optimum conditions for coagulant dosage and pH are 1045mgL(-1) and 6.75, respectively, where 99% of TSS removal, SVI of 37mLg(-1) and 82% of water recovery can be obtained.