rd小鼠出生后5周内视网膜外核层细胞及其外段的光镜和电镜观察

目的观察遗传性视网膜色素变性rd小鼠视网膜外核层细胞层的病理和超微结构变化,为进一步应用rd小鼠进行实验研究提供数据。方法rd新生鼠42只,分别在第0、3、7、14、21、28、35d取眼球,立即经10%中性甲醛固定,光学显微镜下观察眼球水平位视网膜赤道部外核层细胞的厚度;另取眼球经2.5%戊二醛溶液固定,电镜观察。结果病理结果显示,rd小鼠视网膜外核层细胞层数或密度从第14d开始减少2.14层±0.60层,第21d减至近单层1.30层±0.37层,第35d减至0.57层±0.25层。电镜结果显示,rd小鼠视网膜光感受器细胞层生后第14d出现凋亡;外段盘膜部位线粒体从第7d开始出现部分溶解、减少,逐渐加重;外界膜也从第7d开始变为较连续,第21d后不连续。结论视网膜光感受器细胞外段的线粒体和外界膜对于视网膜盘膜的形成起重要作用。这一结果为进一步开展rd小鼠的研究提供了科学依据。     

视网膜色素变性rds小鼠生后5周内视网膜外核层细胞光镜和电镜观察

目的观察遗传性视网膜色素变性rds小鼠在出生后5周内视网膜外核层细胞的光镜和超微结构变化，为进一步应用rds小鼠进行实验研究提供数据。方法rds新生鼠42只，在0d、3d、7d、14d、21d、28d、35d分别取11个眼球，立即经体积分数10％中性甲醛固定，光学显微镜下观察眼球水平位视网膜赤道部外核层细胞的厚度；另取1个眼球经体积分数2．5％戊二醛溶液固定，电镜观察外核层细胞及其盘膜。结果光镜观查结果显示：0d、3d视网膜的外核层和内核层未分开；7d的rds小鼠外核层和内核层已能区分，外核层光感受器细胞层数为（9．55±0．69）层；14d稍有增加为（10．09±0．70）层；21d后逐渐减少，为（9．00±0．63）层；28d为（8．27±0．65）层；35d为（7．91±0．70）层。电镜结果显示，rds小鼠视网膜的外核层细胞从出生后第14天凋亡细胞增加；第21天盘膜初步形成，但部分被破坏；线粒体在出生当天、第3天和7天丰富，第14天破坏较重；外界膜从第14天发展为不连续；从7d开始，视网膜色素上皮层出现多层和吞噬泡增多。结论rds小鼠从21d后视网膜外核层细胞逐渐减少，视网膜光感受器细胞外段的线粒体和外界膜破坏逐渐加重。这一结果为进一步开展rds小鼠的研究提供了科学依据。     

米诺环素对视网膜色素变性小鼠光感受器细胞的保护作用

目的 观察米诺环素对视网膜色素变性（RP）的rd小鼠［C3H/HeN (Pde6brd-/rd-)］RP过程的影响。方法 40只新生rd小鼠随机分为10组，5组为实验组，5组为对照组，每组4只小鼠。实验组，出生后每日腹腔注射米诺环素22.5 mg/kg；对照组，出生后每日腹腔注射生理盐水10 ml/kg。在出生后1、7、14、21、28 d各处死一组实验组和对照组小鼠，取眼球做组织学观察并行凋亡细胞检测，并对两组视网膜光感受器细胞数、外核层厚度以及凋亡细胞数目进行统计分析。结果 （1）rd小鼠出生后7 d光感受器细胞开始凋亡，14 d达高峰，28 d光感受器细胞完全消失；（2）出生后7 d实验组光感受器细胞数目和外核层厚度与对照组比较差异无统计学意义；（3）出生后14、21 d实验组光感受器细胞数目和外核层厚度多于对照组相应时间点，差异有统计学意义（14 d：t=-3.03、P=0.016，t=-4.469，P=0.004；21d: t=-8.782、P＜0.001，t=-3.497、P=0.004）；（4）出生后7、14 d实验组外核层凋亡细胞数目少于对照组相应时间点，差异有统计学意义（t=-3.497、P=0.004，t=-8.782、P＜0.0001）。结论 米诺环素在rd小鼠RP早期可以延缓光感受器细胞丢失，但不能完全阻止RP的发生。     

川芎嗪对视网膜色素变性小鼠干预作用的机制

目的:观察川芎嗪对视网膜色素变性rds小鼠的干预作用和机制。 方法:rds新生小鼠 84只，随机分为实验组和对照组，每组42只小鼠。实验组小鼠从出生时开始，腹腔注射盐酸 川芎嗪80 mg/kg，2次/d，直至生后35 d；对照组同时注射等量生理盐水。分别在用药 后0、3、7、1 4、21、28、35 d取实验组和对照组小鼠眼球，立即经10%中性甲醛固定，常规病理切片。另取眼球经2.5%戊二醛溶液固定，电子显微镜观察。用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口标 记技术(TUNEL)方法检测视网膜光感受器细胞的凋亡，用免疫组织化学方法测定bcl-2在视网膜的表达。 结果:病理观察结果显示，经盐酸川芎嗪治疗后14、21、28 、35 d，rds小鼠光感 受器细胞核层数与未用药的对照组相比较，明显增加（P＜0.01）。电子显微镜观察结果显示，川芎嗪可减缓rds小鼠光感受器细胞和视网膜外段盘膜部位线粒体的病变，减少盘膜和外界膜的破坏。rds小鼠经盐酸川芎嗪治疗后3、7、14、21、28、35 d，光感受器细胞凋 亡率比对照组明显减少（P＜0.01）；治疗后3、7、14、21、28、35 d时，bcl -2在视网膜光感受器细胞及光感受器细胞内外段的表达明显增强（P＜0.05） 。 结论:盐酸川芎嗪可延缓rds小鼠视网膜光感受器细胞的减少，其作用机制可能是通过上调视网膜 外核层及光感受器细胞内外段bcl-2的表达延缓rds小鼠视网膜光感受器细胞的凋亡。     

光损伤对大鼠血-视网膜屏障功能的影响

目的：探讨强光对大鼠血－视网膜屏障功能的影响。方法：大鼠随机分为光照组及对照组,光照组大鼠经散瞳后进行10000lx强光照射（12h光照,12h避光,连续1～14d）,对照组只接受自然光线照射。分别于强光照射后第1、3、7、14 d 摘除相应的光照组和对照组大鼠双侧眼球;并用HE染色观察视网膜各层结构变化,用电镜观察视网膜超微结构变化,用伊凡思蓝（Evans blue,EB）灌注后激光共聚焦显微镜下微循环成像及分光光度法定量检测视网膜微循环通透性变化,来评估血－视网膜屏障变化。结果：大鼠在强光照射1d后就出现视网膜光感受器细胞变性、外节膜盘脱落、外核层厚度变薄等超微结构改变,并随着强光照射持续而逐渐加重,3 d后出现光感受器细胞凋亡,至14 d时外核层厚度已明显变薄、细胞数也明显减少。大鼠在强光照射1 d后视网膜血管就出现EB染料渗漏,至14 d时EB染料渗漏最明显。结论：强光照射可导致大鼠视网膜外核层光感受器细胞变性、凋亡,外核层厚度变薄、细胞数减少,血－视网膜屏障结构、功能破坏。     

小胶质细胞活化与rd小鼠遗传性视网膜变性

目的研究小胶质细胞活化与rd小鼠遗传性视网膜变性的关系。方法对出生后8、10、12、14、16及18d的rd小鼠及对照小鼠视网膜进行感光细胞凋亡TUNEL法检测及形态计量学分析。CD11b免疫组织化学染色标记视网膜小胶质细胞。结果rd小鼠出生后10d视网膜感光细胞层开始出现TUNEL染色阳性细胞,第16d达到高峰。视网膜小胶质细胞在rd小鼠出生后10d开始活化,第14d达到高峰。小胶质细胞向感光细胞层的迁移与感光细胞凋亡之间存在紧密的时间和空间关系。结论rd小鼠视网膜变性以感光细胞凋亡为主。小胶质细胞活化可能在视网膜变性过程中发挥重要作用。     

RCS大鼠视网膜内核层变性的超微结构研究

目的　证实RCS大鼠视网膜内核层存在神经原变性。方法　利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察出生后第 18、2 0、2 8、3 5、42、45、5 6、60、70和 10 0d的RCS大鼠视网膜和正常SD大鼠视网膜组织结构的变化。并用TUNEL方法证实视网膜神经细胞存在凋亡。结果　和正常SD大鼠视网膜比较 ,RCS大鼠 18～ 2 0d开始视网膜变性 ,光感受器细胞死亡 ,内核层细胞也有不同程度的变性。RCS大鼠在出生后 2 5d ,视网膜外核层细胞核TUNEL呈阳性 ,出生后 3 5～ 45d呈强阳性 ,视网膜内核层细胞核TUNEL标记呈阳性。结论　RCS大鼠视网膜内核层细胞存在神经原变性 ,视网膜内核层细胞死亡存在凋亡这一方式。跨神经原变性很可能是这些细胞变性的机制。RCS大鼠视网膜外核层细胞存在神经原变性 ,其死亡以凋亡为主     

脑苷肌肽对视网膜变性小鼠发育过程的影响

目的:观察脑苷肌肽(CEGI)对视网膜变性模型(rds小鼠)发育过程的影响,旨在探求CEGI治疗视网膜变性类疾病的治疗效果,为临床用药提供客观依据和指导。方法:采用组织病理学技术(光、电镜)和原位末端转移酶标记(TUNEL)方法观察脑苷肌肽腹腔给药干预后视网膜组织形态、超微结构、感光细胞凋亡的变化。结果:生后14d(P14)是rds鼠视网膜发育最完善阶段,随后28～56d,视网膜外核层及内核层细胞层数逐渐减少,感光细胞凋亡细胞数逐渐增多,电镜观察有凋亡核变化以及内节和纤毛崩解。给予CEGI治疗后28d和56d,视网膜细胞层数较同日龄对照组增厚,凋亡细胞数减少,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。神经生长因子(NGF)与CEGI作用相似。结论:脑苷肌肽有促进视网膜细胞生长发育作用,对rds小鼠视网膜变性过程有一定的缓解作用。     

快速退变性视网膜变性感光细胞超微结构变化分析

目的 了解快速退变性遗传性视网膜变性的感光细胞在出生后早期发生的形态学变化,为临床治疗提供依据.方法 取出生后不同时间的rd小鼠及正常对照小鼠各6只的视网膜,经光镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察感光细胞的形态发生发育和结构变化过程,比较二者的动态变化和形态学差异.结果 rd鼠生后1周开始出现感光细胞节段变短,内节段内线粒体变性改变多见;偶见感光细胞核旁胞浆内出现肿胀变形的线粒体.2周时节段层变薄,内节段结构已不完整,外节膜盘少见,变形且排列不整齐;外核层细胞层数明显减少,可见核固缩及染色质凝聚,偶见外丛状层部分神经突起内出现变性的线粒体.3周时节段层近消失,外核层只剩一层细胞,胞浆内可见髓样结构;外丛状层变薄.4周时内节段高度变形,视网膜色素上皮层与外核层之间出现大量不成形结构.外核层仅残存少许胞体,胞浆内出现多量不成形结构.外丛状层极薄,部分区域已消失.结论 rd鼠在出生后早期就发生感光细胞的变性改变,细胞内线粒体改变明显.其感光细胞变性发生早,进展快,呈快速退变特点.     

N-亚硝基-N-甲基脲诱导视网膜变性小鼠模型的特征

目的探讨N-亚硝基-N-甲基脲（MNU）诱导的小鼠视网膜退行性病变的形态和电生理特征。方法实验研究。32只5周龄的成年C57/BL小鼠随机分为对照组和MNU造模组,分别腹腔注射0.9%氯化钠溶液和MNU（60 mg·kg-1）。在给药后3、7和14 d取视网膜,免疫荧光染色观察光感受器形态、氧化损伤情况和神经节细胞的数量。电镜观察细胞核、线粒体和带状突触（synaptic ribbon）的超微结构。Ganzfeld视网膜电图（ERG）检测暗适应最大混合反应。采用独立样本t检验进行数据分析。结果免疫荧光显示：注射MNU后外核层（ONL）的厚度逐渐减小,OPN1SW标记的光感受器细胞的外节（OS）逐渐损伤,GFAP标记的Müller细胞增生明显,ONL层硝基酪氨酸（Nitrotyrosine）着色增多提示MNU能导致氧化损伤。Brn-3a标记的神经节细胞数量减少不明显。扫描电子显微镜显示：MNU处理后,光感受器细胞的核呈浓染色,线粒体和带状突触消失。ERG结果显示：MNU处理后3 d最大混合反应的a波和b波振幅下降。结论MNU导致视网膜外核层和外丛状层的凋亡,电生理表现和视网膜色素变性疾病一致。     

Effect of steroidal and non-steroidal drugs on the microglia activation pattern and the course of degeneration in the retinal degeneration slow mouse

BACKGROUND: In hereditary retinal degeneration, microglia cells become activated, migrate through the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and accumulate in the subretinal space. Although this inflammatory process is not likely to be responsible for the onset of photoreceptor apoptosis, cytotoxic substances secreted by activated microglia could potentially accelerate and perpetuate the degenerative process. Anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to modulate the microglia response in neurodegenerative disorders and potentially ameliorate the disease progression in various animal model systems. In this study we wanted to test the impact of the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs (acetylsalicylate and prednisolone) on the microglia activation pattern, the rate of caspase-3-dependent photoreceptor apoptosis and the course of the degeneration in the retinal degeneration slow (rds) mouse retina. METHODS: 169 pigmented rds mice and 30 CBA wild-type mice were used for this study. The treatment groups were injected daily with either acetylsalicylate (200 mg/kg) or prednisolone (2 mg/kg) i.p. from day 0 up to 3 months. Animals were sacrificed at days 10, 14, 16, 18, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 90. Cryoprotected frozen sections were immunostained with F4/80 and cleaved caspase-3 antibodies. The main outcome measures were the total microglia count in the subretinal space, the total cleaved caspase-3-positive cells in the ONL and the averaged number of photoreceptor rows in the midperipheral retina. RESULTS: Neither acetylsalicylate nor prednisolone reduced subretinal microglia accumulation in the rds mouse degeneration model. Moreover, they aggravated migration and accumulation in the early time course. The apoptotic cascade started earlier and was more pronounced in both treatment groups compared to the control group. The pace of retinal degeneration was not reduced in the treatment groups compared to the untreated control. In contrast, acetylsalicylate did significantly accelerate the photoreceptor cell degeneration in comparison to the prednisolone (p < 0.001) and to the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Acetylsalicylate and prednisolone do not decrease the microglia response in the rds mouse and are not neuroprotective. More research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms which lead to photoreceptor cell death and to elucidate the complex role of microglia in inherited retinal degeneration.     

Preventing retinal detachment-associated photoreceptor cell loss in Bax-deficient mice

PURPOSE: To characterize photoreceptor cell apoptosis and cell loss in a mouse model of experimental retinal detachment (RD), and to use the technology of mouse genetics to study the molecular mechanisms underlying RD-associated photoreceptor degeneration. METHODS: Retinal detachments were created in adult wild-type and Bax-deficient mice by subretinal injection of 1.4% sodium hyaluronate. At 1, 3, 7, and 28 days after injection, animals were killed, eyes enucleated, and retinal sections studied by histochemistry, immunofluorescence labeling, and confocal microscopy. Rods and cones were labeled, and apoptotic cells were identified with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Photoreceptor cell apoptosis and cell loss were assessed quantitatively by counting both surviving and TUNEL-positive rods and cones. RESULTS: TUNEL-positive cells were found within the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the detached portions of the retina. They were detected in the detached retina on day 1, peaked on day 3, and dropped precipitously after day 7 after RD. Photoreceptor cell loss of both rods and cones followed a similar time course after RD. Moreover, deletion of the proapoptotic gene Bax in a knockout mouse model abolished the RD-associated photoreceptor cell degeneration. CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis is a major mechanism leading to photoreceptor cell death after RD. Blockage of the activity of the proapoptotic molecule Bax in a knockout mouse model prevents photoreceptor cell apoptosis and cell loss. These data suggest that the Bax-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway plays a critical role in RD-associated photoreceptor cell death.     

Delay of photoreceptor cell degeneration in rd mice by systemically administered phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone

PURPOSE: To study the effect of systemic administration of phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) on the degeneration of photoreceptor cells in rd mice. METHODS: PBN was injected intraperitoneally into FVB/rd mice on postnatal days (P) 5 to 14 (group A), and P10 to 18 (group B). At days P14, 16, 18, 20 and 27, morphological changes and apoptosis were analyzed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin or DAPI. The effect of PBN on apoptosis was analyzed in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells by the measurement of caspase-3 activity. RESULTS: In control and group B mice, the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the retina was composed of 8-10 rows at P12, and rapidly decreased to one row at P18. In group A mice, the ONL was preserved with 5-7 rows at P18, and decreased to one row at P22. PBN inhibited caspase-3 activity in cultured RPE cells. CONCLUSIONS: PBN delayed, but did not block, the degeneration of photoreceptor cells in rd mice. PBN may exert its inhibitory effect during the early phase of photoreceptor cell degeneration.     

Generation of activated sialoadhesin-positive microglia during retinal degeneration

PURPOSE: The retina contains a rich network of myeloid-derived cells (microglia) within the retinal parenchyma and surrounding vessels. Their response and behavior during inflammation and neurodegeneration remain largely undefined. In the present study, the behavior of microglia was closely examined during the onset of photoreceptor degeneration in the rds mouse, to assess their role in photoreceptor apoptosis. The results may have relevance to similar degeneration in humans (retinitis pigmentosa). METHODS: Retinas from rds and wild-type CBA mice aged 8, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 30, and 40 days were examined immunohistochemically, with antibodies to macrophage cell surface markers, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), during the most active phase of the disease. TUNEL was used to assess photoreceptor apoptosis. RESULTS: In the rds mouse, microglia proliferated in situ (PCNA), migrated to the subretinal space, and adopted an activated phenotype. Maximum microglial cells occurred at postnatal day (P)21, 5 days after the peak in photoreceptor apoptosis (P16). Microglia did not express iNOS, and nitrotyrosine was absent. Sialoadhesin was expressed on microglia from P14, and expression was greatest at P21. CONCLUSIONS: During retinal degeneration, microglia are activated and express sialoadhesin. The temporal relationship between photoreceptor apoptosis and microglial response suggests that microglia are not responsible for the initial wave of photoreceptor death, and this is corroborated by the absence of iNOS and nitrotyrosine. Expression of sialoadhesin may indicate blood-retinal barrier breakdown, which has immune implications for subretinal gene therapeutic strategies.     

中药复方制剂对rds小鼠感光细胞凋亡的干预作用研究

目的观察中药复方制剂对先天性视网膜变性小鼠视网膜感光细胞凋亡的影响。方法以黄芪等药组成复方制剂1。对先天性视网膜变性动物模型rds小鼠,采用原位末端转移酶标记(TUNEL)方法及组织病理学技术,观察复方制剂1作用后,小鼠视网膜感光细胞数量及感光细胞凋亡的变化。结果仔鼠2周时,中药组小鼠视网膜感光细胞核数与对照组相比无明显差别,两组感光细胞凋亡率分别为1.6%及6.5%,组间差异有显著性(P<0.01);4周时中药组感光细胞核数目较对照组多,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),两组感光细胞凋亡率分别为3.3%及8.5%,组间差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论中药复方制剂1可以延缓rds小鼠视网膜色素变性过程中感光细胞凋亡的发展。     

模拟强日光照射导致兔眼视网膜光损伤的实验研究

目的:探讨短时间模拟强日光照射对兔视网膜组织结构的影响及光损伤的致伤机制。方法:健康新西兰白兔25只随机分为5组,30000lux模拟日光照射兔眼15min和30min。照射后不同时间取视网膜进行光镜、透射电镜观察并对视网膜感光细胞凋亡率进行检测。结果:15min光照组2d时观察;光感受器细胞外节盘膜结构紊乱,板层结构离散,内节线粒体肿胀,部分嵴断裂;外颗粒层细胞胞浆有空泡样改变;感光细胞凋亡率为3.26%±0.98%。30min光照组2d时观察,外节盘膜结构紊乱,板层结构重度离散,内节线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂;外颗粒层细胞胞浆有空泡样改变;感光细胞凋亡率为3.63%±1.25%。30min光照组7d时观察,外节盘膜组织结构紊乱,板层结构消失,空泡化,内节线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂;外颗粒层细胞胞浆肿胀,大量空泡样改变,排列紊乱,部分胞膜破坏;感光细胞凋亡率为19.63%±1.32%。30min光照组14d时观察,外节盘膜组织结构恢复较规则,板层结构较致密,内节线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂;外颗粒层细胞胞浆肿胀减轻,排列较整齐;感光细胞凋亡率为18.98%±1.13%。结论:30000lux模拟强日光照射15min可导致兔视网膜急性光损伤,模拟强日光照射可导致视网膜感光细胞发生退行性变性,感光细胞凋亡是损伤发生的重要机制。     

视网膜挫伤兔模型的病理学观察

目的:建立视网膜挫伤的动物模型,观察视网膜损伤后的形态特点。方法:选取40只健康成年无眼疾青紫蓝兔,随机分为挫伤后1,3h;1,3,7,14,30d及正常对照共8组,每组5只,选取右眼为致伤眼,以改良Allen重击法制备兔单眼挫伤性视网膜病变模型,挫伤后获取兔眼标本,以光镜及电镜观察视网膜神经感觉层的病理变化,目镜测微尺(0.01mm)对视网膜神经纤维层(nerve fiber layer,NFL)厚度、内核层(inner nucler layer,INL)厚度进行测量,并对视网膜神经节细胞(ganglion cell,GC)计数。结果:挫伤后1,3h组和1d组NFL明显增厚(P<0.05),而7d组和14d组NFL明显变薄(P<0.05),3d组和30d组NFL厚度与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);各挫伤组GC计数明显少于正常对照组(P<0.05)。电镜显示挫伤后3h组;1,3d组视网膜神经感觉层均出现较多的,具有凋亡形态学与生化改变特征的凋亡细胞,其中在3d组视网膜神经感觉层凋亡细胞数量达到高峰,7d组显著下降。结论:视网膜水肿和神经感觉层细胞凋亡是挫伤性视网膜病变的一个重要机制。     

NADPH氧化酶抑制剂对遗传性视网膜色素变性感光细胞凋亡的抑制作用

背景 我们先前的研究表明,rd小鼠遗传性视网膜色素变性（RP）过程中小胶质细胞活化与感光细胞的凋亡密切相关.研究显示,小胶质细胞中烟酰胺二磷酸腺苷（NADPH）氧化酶的活化在小胶质细胞活化及神经元损伤中发挥重要作用,但NADPH氧化酶在RP过程中作用机制及其抑制剂的作用有待探讨.目的 探讨rd小鼠发生RP过程中NADPH氧化酶产生活性氧簇（ROS）的活化反应及其抑制剂对感光细胞的保护作用. 方法 按抛掷硬币法将60只SPF级rd小鼠随机分为香荚兰乙酮注射组和PBS对照组,香荚兰乙酮注射组小鼠于出生后9d（P9）腹腔内注射NADPH氧化酶抑制剂香荚兰乙酮10 mg/kg（0.01 ml/kg）,每日1次,连续5d（至P13）;PBS对照组rd小鼠以同样方式注射等容量的PBS;C57 BL/6N小鼠10只不注射任何药物作为rd小鼠的野生对照鼠.各组小鼠于出生后14 d（P14）处死并制备视网膜冰冻切片,采用二氢乙锭（DHE）荧光染色法检测3个组小鼠视网膜中ROS的表达;采用实时定量PCR（real-time PCR）法测定2个组rd小鼠视网膜感光细胞中视紫红质mRNA的定量表达;采用苏木精-伊红染色法检查2个组rd小鼠视网膜外核层厚度.结果 DHE荧光染色表明,小鼠视网膜中ROS表达呈红色荧光,注药组小鼠视网膜外核层中ROS的红色荧光明显强于C57BL/6N野生鼠,但明显弱于PBS对照组.Real-time PCR检测表明,香荚兰乙酮注射组小鼠感光细胞中视紫红质mRNA相对表达量为4.21 ±0.33,明显低于PBS对照组的0.93±0.24,差异有统计学意义（t=2.360,P=0.000）;香荚兰乙酮注射组小鼠视网膜外核层厚度为（35.95±1.63） μm,明显厚于PBS对照组的（23.17±1.38） μm,差异有统计学意义（t=3.850,P=0.016）.结论 在rd小鼠视网膜感光细胞变性过程中,NADPH氧化酶生成ROS的活化反应明显增强;香荚兰乙酮能够延缓rd小鼠感光细胞的凋亡过程.