隧道水害成因及防治措施探讨

依托四川某高速公路隧道施工水害处理的项目,介绍了隧道水害的危害,从设计、施工、养护等过程分析了产生水害的原因,提出了处治隧道水害的措施。     

通霍线水害整治

结合通霍线增建二线设计,通过分析水害成因,确定水害治理原则,介绍了典型水害地段和工点整治措施,并阐述设计体会,为今后同类铁路水害治理工作提供了宝贵经验。     

谈泥石流病害对铁路桥梁的影响

简要介绍了宝天段泥石流病害主要分布情况和桥梁泥石流水害情况,重点针对宝天段上行线＂9.20＂桥梁泥石流水害进行了分析,阐述了水害原因,并展开探讨,提出了防治措施,以期解决宝天段汛期安全问题,保障该段桥梁正常通行。     

矿井水害成因分析

根据矿区所处的地理位置，结合区域水文地质资料，就矿坑充水因素作了详细分析，对矿井水害进行了阐述，并提出了预防矿井水害的相关措施，以期减少矿井水害造成的损失，保障矿工的生命安全。     

高填路堤滑坍的抢险与复旧整治经验探讨

针对侯月线高填路堤2013年主汛期多次发生滑坍的情况,选取其中两处较典型水害进行了对比,详细分析了高填路堤滑坍水害发生原理及诱因,介绍了现场抢险方案及复旧整治设计,通过对比总结高填路堤滑坍水害抢险及复旧经验,从而指导生产实践,确保行车、设备安全。     

公路排水设计及计算实例

介绍了公路网建设运营过程中的常见水害,结合实际情况与设计经验,探讨了处理水害的有效措施,并对各种常见排水结构物进行水文、水力计算,总结了水文计算中应注意的事项,以供参考。     

现代城市水害的剧化及防御对策

本文论述了近年来城市水害有剧化之势，分析了引起城市水害剧化的各种因素，提出了现代城市防洪减灾的对策。     

运营期铁路隧道病害整治技术研究

铁路隧道衬砌裂缝是常见的隧道病害之一,衬砌裂缝病害往往伴随发生水害,给铁路安全运营带来隐患.本文结合山西省内沁沁铁路圣佛岭隧道水害及衬砌裂缝整治工程,研究铁路隧道水害及衬砌裂缝整治技术.对隧道水害和衬砌裂缝整治的技术及施工工艺进行介绍,可为类似工程提供参考.     

煤矿陷落柱水害特征与防治技术研究

煤矿地下地质条件及地下水情况复杂多变，在工作中经常遇到各种水害发生。笔者总结以往在煤矿陷落柱水害方面的经历，制定了一套合理、经济、实用的防治方案。本文主要阐述我国煤矿陷落柱水害特征与防治技术研究。     

四川广(安)-渝(重庆)高速公路华蓥山隧道岩溶突水的研究与整治

比较系统地介绍了华蓥山特长双线公路隧道岩溶突水的地质背景，岩溶分布规律，岩溶水的渗流场以及岩溶突水的补给源，为水害的整治提供了依据。     

国家标准《通风与空调工程施工规范》简介

介绍了标准的编制背景、思路和创新点。该标准主要内容包括施工管理,风管与配件、风阀与部件及支吊架等的现场制作与安装,水管道和设置安装以及试验与调试方面的规定。该标准的规定解决了施工安装中的一些共性问题。     

Landscape Dynamics and the Management of Change

Change in economy and society is directly reflected in the character of landscapes, both in terms of their form and function and the landscape planning and management challenges which they present. The phenomenon of landscape dynamics within post-industrial society is considered and the development of a connection between the drivers of landscape change and the management response is sought. Two key drivers of landscape change are proposed - 'obsolescence' and 'dysfunction' - and these in turn are related to a management matrix bounded by axes of condition and character of landscape. It is suggested that the definition of these relationships helps to substantiate and more clearly define the tasks of landscape planning, design and management in the United Kingdom.     

景观延续与重塑的人文之道——记安亭中学绿化环境改造更新

校园作为城市公共设施体系中的重要组成部分,对人们的社会生活和精神文明起着重要的影响、教育、服务作用。结合安亭中学的景观改造工程实例,从校园的区位环境因素、历史文化积淀、园内景观现状等方面,分析了改造的必要性,改造工作的原则及人文理念的改造方法,重点阐释了对原有历史和景观的发现、挖掘、保护、改造和再利用。通过简洁、现代的手法,把新景观融入校园的建筑环境、历史环境和人文环境之中,重建具有视觉、生态和文化三重效益的校园景观,把校园环境变成凝固的诗、流动的画、无言的歌,从而达到"润物细无声"的效果。     

Designing Whole Landscapes

A whole-landscape approach is critical to ensuring conservation and enhancement of biodiversity in farmed landscapes. Although existing agri-environmental schemes are constrained by property boundaries and voluntary take up, the potential for adopting a whole-landscape approach to planned countryside management is currently favoured by a number of factors. These include economic uncertainty in some agricultural sectors; the introduction of a reformulated rural development policy; increased understanding of relationships between biodiversity and management; and the introduction of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology that allows future landscapes to be visualized by stakeholders. Ecological and socio-economic aspects of whole-landscape planning in a study covering 31 neighbouring farms in west Oxfordshire are reported. A baseline was first compiled that included information on: property boundaries; land cover; relationships between hedge and field margin management and key taxa; and farmer socio-economics and attitudes towards agri-environmental measures, conservation and sustainable agriculture. Future scenarios of integrated wholelandscape management were then developed, designed to deliver amenity, environmental and biodiversity benefits. These scenarios were presented and interpreted to farmers and conservation and amenity stakeholders with the aid of GIS-based maps and three-dimensional virtual reality visualizations. Farmers' responses are reported and the potential for implementing whole-landscape planning is discussed .     

身体经验与时空想象—— 基于场地、场景、场域的景观建构原型研究

Contemporary landscape is an important medium that resists the environmental homogeneity and diversifies the cultural imagery. The neglect of physical experience would intensify the perception contradiction and separation between people and the site. This paper proposes to use the prototype of the interactions between the body, time, and space to build an abstract discourse to study the design dimensions of site, sight, and insight based on different elements—the three dimensions are represented as perception, conception, and live. It then focuses on how to employ design methods (including the arrangement of spatial sequence and direction, the design of thresholds in the space, the creation of texts and syntaxes, and the stimulation of events and social imagery) to form the push-pull movement in the material space, the abschattung and gestalt of ideographic texts in the meaning space, and the apperception of the social field, so as to enhance people’s perception of the landscape. This paper studies physical experience and spacetime imagery to extract and deduce the thinking of landscape design within varied dimensions, and argues that a profound and intimate relationship between man and the site can be established by organizing different elements under the ternary system of site, sight, and insight.     

基于生活需求和精神感受下的家园的构建——江西资溪皇家花园住宅小区设计

该文通过对皇家花园住宅小区设计的回顾与思考,认为好的小区应该是基于生活需求和精神感受下的家园,并分别从空间与场所、环境与文化、形象与品质三个方面进行了探索。     

Limit states design in geotechnical engineering

The paper outlines the ultimate and serviceability limit states in geotechnical engineering practice. The magnitude of conventional partial and total safety factors in earthworks, earth retaining structures and foundations are discussed in terms of the reliability of the subsoil and loading conditions and the probability and seriousness of failure of the structure during its service life. The serviceability of structures and foundations are treated on the basis of empirical damage criteria related to relative rotation and deflection ratios of foundations supporting different types of buildings and engineering structures.     

The Reflection of Medusa: A Review of The City of Imagination

The lately published The City of Imagination by Valerio Morabito challenges the pictorial idea of landscape interpretation and explores the possibilities of storytelling to read and represent the landscape that focuses on the literary and communicative aptitudes of Landscape Architecture. The article reviews the book from the perspective of history, epistemology, method, and reception regarding its literary root, which is notably inspired by Italo Calvino. The review consists of four sections: First, word and image: the historical exemplars of landscape representation between pictorial and verbal tradition. Second, memory and foresight: the authenticity of travelogue and Morabito’s method of working with his travel memories. Third, truth and myth: how Morabito applies the cognitive imperfection in storytelling to his empirical approach that counterbalances the positivist reading of the landscape. And fourth, form and language: the tension between the formal autonomy and the bardic tradition in the visual language of Morabito. The article approaches and further opens the essential dialogues between the palpable existence and fictive landscape, the interpretation and consumption of the thick meanings in human inhabitation, and the cognitive antinomy and reconciliation of positivist and humanistic stances in the discipline.     

Over-parameterised, uncertain 'mathematical marionettes' - how can we best use catchment water quality models? An example of an 80-year catchment-scale nutrient balance

The Integrated Catchment Model of Nitrogen (INCA-N) was applied to the River Lambourn, a Chalk river-system in southern England. The model's abilities to simulate the long-term trend and seasonal patterns in observed stream water nitrate concentrations from 1920 to 2003 were tested. This is the first time a semi-distributed, daily time-step model has been applied to simulate such a long time period and then used to calculate detailed catchment nutrient budgets which span the conversion of pasture to arable during the late 1930s and 1940s. Thus, this work goes beyond source apportionment and looks to demonstrate how such simulations can be used to assess the state of the catchment and develop an understanding of system behaviour. The mass-balance results from 1921, 1922, 1991, 2001 and 2002 are presented and those for 1991 are compared to other modelled and literature values of loads associated with nitrogen soil processes and export. The variations highlighted the problem of comparing modelled fluxes with point measurements but proved useful for identifying the most poorly understood inputs and processes thereby providing an assessment of input data and model structural uncertainty. The modelled terrestrial and instream mass-balances also highlight the importance of the hydrological conditions in pollutant transport. Between 1922 and 2002, increased inputs of nitrogen from fertiliser, livestock and deposition have altered the nitrogen balance with a shift from possible reduction in soil fertility but little environmental impact in 1922, to a situation of nitrogen accumulation in the soil, groundwater and instream biota in 2002. In 1922 and 2002 it was estimated that approximately 2 and 18 kg N ha^− 1 yr^− 1 respectively were exported from the land to the stream. The utility of the approach and further considerations for the best use of models are discussed.     

用自己的方式祈祷--当代中国风景园林规划设计的挑战

现代中国风景园林处在全球化与区域主义的矛盾、传统和现代的矛盾之中,面临着文化、科技和生态三方面的挑战。只有用包容的心态去了解其他国家的文化,用严谨的态度对待自己的传统和文明,才能在全球化的背景下,在现代文明的冲击下,形成真正有中国特色的当代园林。