GNSS数据质量分析

GNSS载波相位观测值受观测噪声和接收机钟跳等的影响,其周跳检验量序列随时间发生变化。为构造稳健而又敏感的周跳检验量,需对不同系统的卫星数据质量进行分析,而多路径效应和信噪比则是影响观测数据质量的重要指标。本文重点分析了GPS与BDS卫星数据的多路径效应及信噪比,并提出了一种接收机时钟的钟跳探测方法,即采用双频相位观测值的O-C值,通过消电离层线性组合进行钟跳探测。     

基于G-nut/Anubis的GNSS多系统数据质量 分析研究

针对测绘应用研究中全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)观测数据质量分析问题,本文通过利用G-nut／Anubis对测站各GNSS系统数据进行数据可利用率、多路径效应、周跳比等指标的质量检查,同时输出可视化图作进一步分析,并筛选出质量好的观测卫星,为后期的数据解算提供参考.      

海上动态GNSS浮标的周跳处理算法

常规全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）周跳探测方法大多忽略了高度角对多路径误差以及观测噪声的影响．由于海上GNSS浮标的数据质量受海面影响很大,在卫星高度角降低时其观测噪声和多路径误差显著增大,且具有高频周跳特点,常规GNSS周跳探测方法并不适用．据此,提出了一种综合电离层总电子含量变化率（TECR）和顾及高度角加权阈值模型的改进双频码相组合（MW）探测法的周跳探测与修复方法．实验结果表明:该方法能有效抑制低高度角和多路径影响带来的信号噪声,准确探测到各种类型周跳,可有效应用于海上GNSS浮标的数据预处理.      

铁路场景下的GPS/Galileo/BDS-2/BDS-3观测数据质量的对比分析

针对铁路场景下全球卫星导航系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)观测环境较为复杂的问题,利用国际开源软件Anubis,分别基于卫星可见性、数据完整率、多路径效应和周跳比等指标有效评估了铁路沿线8个GNSS站观测数据质量,并通过单北斗二号(Beidou-2,BDS-2)和北...     

GNSS观测数据质量对坐标解算精度的影响分析

针对陆态网络流动GNSS观测环境的变化易引起观测质量下降的问题,该文对其不同观测质量数据解算坐标误差进行分析,以便于根据不同研究区域选择不同质量的观测数据。以华北地区450个流动GNSS站为研究对象,统计结果表明,单天坐标精度总体上随着数据有效率的增大而升高,随M1和M2增大而降低,多路径效应对测站垂向的影响大于水平向;在影响测站观测环境的诸多因素中,树木遮挡影响最大。最后提出了提高数据质量的建议措施。     

TEQC结合RTKLIB软件在变形监测数据预处理中的应用

针对黔南州境内某拟建水利工程坝址选址处左岸滑坡体GNSS监测数据,应用TEQC结合RTKLIB软件对GNSS数据进行数据质量检核,对其电离层延迟误差、多路径效应、观测数据与周跳比、数据利用率与信噪比进行了分析,并将结果可视化,所得结果可为监测数据的后处理提供可靠依据.     

电磁环境对GNSS观测数据质量的影响

通过在35、110、220、500、800kV 5种不同电压等级的变电站开展全球卫星导航定位系统(GNSS)观测实验,从数据完整率、多路径、信噪比、观测值与周跳比4项指标对各测试站点的GNSS观测数据质量进行统计分析,研究不同电压等级下电磁环境对各GNSS系统观测数据质量的影响。结果表明:不同电压等级下电磁环境对各GNSS系统的观测数据质量无负影响,该结论为论证变电站建设GNSS连续运行参考站(CORS站)的可行性提供了一定的参考价值,促进了卫星导航定位技术在电力行业的应用。     

大型构筑物GNSS监测多路径探测及消除方法研究

本文分析了多路径效应产生的原因及其信号特征,利用相同环境下,相邻周期相同时刻的GNSS观测数据多路径误差应有强相关性的特征,采用逐个观测历元差分和卡尔曼滤波相结合的方法来消弱多路径效应的影响,从而提高大型构筑物GNSS监测的成果精度。     

变电站环境下GNSS接收机性能及观测数据质量分析

为了研究变电站强电磁环境对全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）接收机工作性能及观测数据质量影响,分别在500 kV、220 kV、110 kV变电站主控楼楼顶布置测试站点,并用GNSS接收机连续观测24小时．通过接收机内部噪声和数据完整率、信噪比(SNR)、多路径效应等综合评估变电站对GNSS接收机工作性能及观测数据质量的影响．实验结果表明:变电站强电磁环境下GNSS接收机能正常工作,且未对观测数据质量产生显著影响,观测数据质量满足相应标准.      

测站处GNSS多路径误差效应反演及其应用研究

针对测站观测环境变化对数据质量影响难以有效评估并削弱的问题,研究了一种可通用于各类卫星导航系统的多路径误差半天球格网点建模方法（multi-point hemispherical grid model,MHGM）。该方法能够综合利用不同GNSS（global navigation satellite system）系统的不同时期观测数据进行整体建模,显著削弱GNSS信号所受多路径误差影响,并图像化反演测站周围的多路径效应,确定信号干扰源的方位。算例的测试结果表明,在模拟的强多路径环境下,模型改正后模糊度固定时段的载波相位观测值残差的均方根误差（root mean square error,RMSE）统计值由0.983 cm降为0.318 cm,改善率高达67.7%。此外,MHGM建模结果中改正量较大的异常区域与对应测站处所架设挡板的方位相一致,能够反演出测站周围不同方向观测信号所受多路径误差影响。国际GNSS服务组织的历史观测数据在利用MHGM模型改正后,合计18年测试算例的观测值残差RMSE平均改善率达到29.5%。这对于评估测站观测环境在不同时期的变化状况,提升现有各类增强服务产品的精度和可靠性具有一定的潜在应用价值。     

基于国家基准站的北斗数据质量分析

GNSS数据质量可为高精度数据处理提供基础性的参考信息,目前GPS数据质量检查方法成熟且数据资源丰富,而北斗数据质量缺少系统全面的分析。该文介绍北斗观测数据质量检查内容和方法,并基于国家基准站计算了北斗数据多路径效应、周跳、信噪比等质量结果,分析了北斗质量特性和影响因素,并将北斗与GPS进行了对比。结果表明,北斗数据多路径误差、信噪比等质量指标与高度角和信号频率有关,在相同环境下北斗数据质量在多路径误差方面优于GPS数据质量,信噪比方面北斗SN2优于GPS,SN1和SN3较GPS稍差。     

GNSS multi-frequency receiver single-satellite measurement validation method

A method is presented for real-time validation of GNSS measurements of a single receiver, where data from each satellite are independently processed. A geometry-free observation model is used with a reparameterized form of the unknowns to overcome rank deficiency of the model. The ionosphere error and non-constant biases such as multipath are assumed changing relatively smoothly as a function of time. Data validation and detection of errors are based on statistical testing of the observation residuals using the detection–identification–adaptation approach. The method is applicable to any GNSS with any number of frequencies. The performance of validation method was evaluated using multi-frequency data from three GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo) that span 3 days in a test site at Curtin University, Australia. Performance of the method in detection and identification of outliers in code observations, and detection of cycle slips in phase data were examined. Results show that the success rate vary according to precision of observations and their number as well as size of the errors. The method capability is demonstrated when processing four IOV Galileo satellites in a single-point-positioning mode and in another test by comparing its performance with Bernese software in detection of cycle slips in precise point-positioning processing using GPS data.     

Real-time cycle slip detection in triple-frequency GNSS

The modernization of the global positioning system and the advent of the European project Galileo will lead to a multifrequency global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The presence of new frequencies introduces more degrees of freedom in the GNSS data combination. We define linear combinations of GNSS observations with the aim to detect and correct cycle slips in real time. In particular, the detection is based on five geometry-free linear combinations used in three cascading steps. Most of the jumps are detected in the first step using three minimum-noise combinations of phase and code observations. The remaining jumps with very small amplitude are detected in the other two steps by means of two-tailored linear combinations of phase observations. Once the epoch of the slip has been detected, its amplitude is estimated using other linear combinations of phase observations. These combinations are defined with the aim of discriminating between the possible combinations of jump amplitudes in the three carriers. The method has been tested on simulated data and 1-second triple-frequency undifferenced GPS data coming from a friendly multipath environment. Results show that the proposed method is able to detect and repair all combinations of cycle slips in the three carriers.     

IPWV Estimation from Different GNSS Antenna

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is widely used nowadays in variety of applications. The observation file for the near real time estimation of Integrated Precipitable Water Vapour (IPWV) received at the ground-based receiver is mixed with ambiguities. Multi-path effects affect the positional accuracy as well as range from satellite to ground based receiver of the system. The designing of the antenna suppress the effect of multi-path, cycle slips, number of observations, and signal strength and data gaps within the data streams. This paper presents the preliminary data quality control findings of the Patch antenna (LeicaX1202), 3D Choke ring antenna (LeicaAR25 GNSS) and Trimble Zephyr antenna (TRM 39105.00). The results shows that choke ring antenna have least gaps in the data, cycle slips and multi-path effects along with improvement in IPWV. The signal strength and the number of observations are more in case 3D choke ring antenna.     

安卓智能手机GNSS数据质量分析

Android系统开放了全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)原始数据观测值,开发人员可以直接通过应用程序编程接口(API)获取GNSS原始观测数据．本文选取小米8和华为P30手机作为研究对象,对手机输出的原始GNSS观测数据进行研究,从多路径效应、数据载噪比方面分析数据质量．实验结果表明:相对于测量型接收机,安卓智能手机的原始观测值载噪比较低且多路径效应严重.      

Benefits of the third frequency signal on cycle slip correction

Cycle slip detection and correction are important issues when carrier phase observations are used in high-precision GNSS data processing and have, therefore, been intensively investigated. Along with the GNSS modernization, the cycle slip correction (CSC) problem has been raised to deal with more signals from multi-frequencies. We extend the geometry-based approach by integrating time-differenced pseudorange and carrier phase observations to estimate the integer number of triple-frequency cycle slips together with the receiver clock offset, ionospheric delay variations and receiver displacements. The Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment method can be employed. The benefit of the third frequency observation on the cycle slip estimate is first investigated with simulation tests. The results show that adding the third frequency observation can significantly improve the model strength and that a reliable triple-frequency CSC with a theoretical success rate of higher than 99.9 % can still be achieved, even under the condition that the range or ionosphere delay variation is poorly defined. The performance of triple-frequency CSC is validated with real triple-frequency BDS data since all BDS satellites in orbit are transmitting triple-frequency signals. The results show that the fixing rate of CSC can reach 99.1 % in static precise point positioning (PPP) and 98.8 % in the kinematic case. PPP solutions with cycle slip-uncorrected and cycle slip-corrected data sets are compared to validate the correctness of triple-frequency CSC. The standard deviations of the PPP solution in east, north and vertical component, respectively, can be improved by 31.1, 30.7 and 37.6 % for static, and by 42.0, 53.8 and 39.7 % for kinematic after cycle slips are corrected. The performance of dual- and triple-frequency CSC is also compared. Results show that the performance of dual-frequency CSC is slightly worse than that of triple-frequency CSC. These results demonstrate that the performance of CSC can be significantly improved with triple-frequency observations.