沥青胶浆高温性能及评价方法

为了研究沥青胶浆的高温性能,采用了3种试验方法——锥入度试验、动态剪切流变试验和旋转粘度试验,分析了石灰石矿粉、水泥和消石灰3种填料以及4种粉胶质量比(0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2)对沥青胶浆高温性能的影响,并把不同试验方法得到的结果进行了比较。结果表明:水泥和消石灰可以增加沥青胶浆的稠硬性,提高沥青胶浆的抗剪强度、抗车辙因子和粘度,从而有利于改善沥青胶浆的高温性能;锥入度试验得到的抗剪强度指标可以很好地区分不同填料、不同粉胶质量比对沥青胶浆性能的影响,并与抗车辙因子和粘度指标之间有很好的相关性,是一种评价沥青胶浆高温性能的有效方法。     

脱硫橡胶沥青胶浆高温性能研究

研究对脱硫橡胶沥青的特点进行剖析,制备脱硫橡胶沥青胶浆,利用锥入度试验展开对脱硫橡胶沥青胶浆高温性能的研究。研究结果表明:脱硫橡胶沥青胶浆锥入度小于KLMY90#基质沥青胶浆及40目橡胶沥青,抗剪强度大于后两者,脱硫橡胶沥青胶浆高温性能最佳。     

废旧轮胎胶粉改性沥青胶浆高低温性能研究

为研究废旧轮胎胶粉改性沥青胶浆高低温性能,采用自制锥入度仪和小梁试验,测试了不同粒径橡胶粉改性沥青胶浆的高低温性能,并采用动态剪切流变仪试验验证了自制仪器的可靠性.试验结果显示:随着粉胶比的增大,各胶粉胶浆的锥入度不断减小,各胶粉改性沥青胶浆的高温稳定性依次为:40 ～60目＞60～80目＞30 ～40目,动力剪切流变试验结果证明了本试验仪器的可靠性.随着粉胶比增大,低温蠕变变形随蠕变时间的增加呈线形增长,当粉胶比达到1.2时,60 ～80目胶粉改性沥青的蠕变值明显大于其他几种胶粉.故推荐采用的合理粉胶比应控制在1.2以内为宜,橡胶粉粒径建议为60 ～80目.     

沥青胶浆(SMA)实验方法与评价指标研究

文章在分析国内外现有实验设备的基础上,结合SMA沥青胶浆的特点,提出了基于测定土的抗剪强度的锥入度试验与低温蠕变试验的方法。研究结果证明采用该法是科学的、简便易行的,也是对沥青胶浆研究方法新的补充和拓展;根据本实验方案,获得了使用抗剪强度与弯曲劲度模量可以作为SMA胶浆高、低温性能评价的技术指标,并给出了合理粉胶比范围。     

纤维沥青胶浆高低温性能研究

采用软化点、锥入度、动态剪切、弯曲梁流变等试验方法,研究粉胶比、温度、纤维含量和纤维种类等因素对沥青胶浆高低温性能的影响。结果表明:粉胶比、纤维含量以及纤维种类对沥青胶浆的高低温性能影响较大;纤维的掺入能较大幅度地提高沥青胶浆高温稳定性,并且木质素纤维对沥青胶浆的改善效果优于玄武岩纤维;粉胶比和纤维含量增加均可提高沥青胶浆高温性能,但低温抗裂性能有所降低;纤维沥青胶浆具有显著的温度敏感性,提高温度有利于沥青胶浆低温抗裂性能的改善;粉胶比降低0.2并掺入1%木质素纤维,与原沥青胶浆相比,其对沥青胶浆流变性能的影响近似相同。     

基于DMA方法的浇注式沥青胶浆高温性能及评价指标

为了研究浇注式沥青胶浆的高温性能及评价指标,采用动态力学分析(DMA)方法,通过动态剪切流变试验,探讨了不同温度、沥青种类、粉胶比对浇注式沥青胶浆高温性能的影响.分析了广义剪切模量与浇注式沥青混合料高温变形之间的相关性,探讨了该指标作为浇注式胶浆高温性能评价指标的适用性,并以车辙深度为控制标准,对广义剪切模量以及60℃条件下的贯入度提出了建议值.结果表明:浇注式沥青胶浆复数剪切模量和相位角受温度、沥青种类、粉胶比因素影响明显;广义剪切模量与混合料永久变形呈良好的线性关系,能作为一种合适的劲度指标评价浇注式沥青胶浆的高温稳定性;60℃条件下,浇注式沥青混合料贯入度指标建议值不大于3.29 mm.     

MiberⅠ型矿物复合纤维沥青胶浆高温性能试验研究

目前对MiberⅠ型矿物复合纤维沥青胶浆的高温性能缺乏系统研究。基于此,采用重复蠕变试验和锥入度试验,对不同纤维掺量的MiberⅠ型矿物复合纤维沥青胶浆的高温性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明,掺加MiberⅠ型矿物复合纤维后,沥青胶浆的高温抗变性能力得到明显的改善,改善效果与纤维掺量密切相关。与木质素纤维沥青胶浆和玄武岩纤维沥青胶浆的高温性能进行了对比分析,结果表明,MiberⅠ型矿物复合纤维对沥青胶浆高温抗变形能力的改善效果优于木质素纤维和玄武岩纤维。研究结果可为MiberⅠ型矿物复合纤维在沥青混合料中的应用提供参考。     

温度和粉胶比对沥青胶浆低温性能的影响研究

沥青胶浆的低温流变性能直接影响到沥青路面的低温抗裂性能,本文采用SHRP仪器弯梁流变仪（BBR）和直接拉伸仪（DTT）对沥青胶浆的低温性能进行分析,试验研究了温度和粉胶比对沥青胶浆低温性能的影响。结果表明：温度和粉胶比与沥青胶浆的低温流变特性有较明显的相关关系,对沥青混合料低温性能有重要影响。     

DCLR与TLA改性沥青胶浆的流变性能对比

目的研究煤直接液化残渣(DCLR)和特立尼达湖沥青(TLA)改性沥青胶浆的流变性能,揭示DCLR和TLA对沥青胶浆的流变特性影响规律及改性效果.方法分别制备粉胶质量比为0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2的DCLR和TLA改性沥青胶浆,采用动态剪切流变仪(DSR)和弯曲梁流变仪(BBR)对沥青胶浆流变性能进行了测试,并对比分析了DCLR与TLA改性沥青胶浆的流变特性.结果在相同温度下,随着粉胶质量比的提高,DCLR沥青胶浆的复数模量增大,相位角减小,车辙因子、疲劳因子、蠕变劲度模量均增大,蠕变速率减小,DCLR显著地改善了沥青胶浆的高温性能,但对其低温和疲劳性能有消极影响.当粉胶质量比在0.8~1.0,DCLR沥青胶浆的性能最为优越.结论相比TLA改性沥青胶浆,DCLR改性沥青胶浆的高温性能更为优越,但低温和疲劳性能相对较差.     

道路沥青温度敏感性指标的分析与讨论

选用6种传统沥青和6种改性沥青,利用Strategic Highway Research Program（SHRP）试验方法研究了沥青的温度敏感性评价指标。中高温区间利用动态剪切流变仪评价沥青温度敏感性,使用弯曲梁流变仪评价沥青在低温区间的温度敏感性,高温区间沥青的温度敏感性采用旋转粘度仪评价。结果表明SHRP试验得到的试验数据物理意义明确,用来评价沥青的温度敏感性具有明显优势。同时SHRP试验方法可以分不同温度区间对道路沥青的温度敏感性进行评价;中高温度区间推荐使用模量指数作为评价沥青温度敏感性的指标;高温区间下推荐使用粘温曲线斜率作为沥青的温度敏感性评价指标;负温区间推荐使用劲度指数来评价沥青的温度敏感性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-