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目的 分析法医尸体检验后送检器官的病理学特征,总结此类案件的特点.方法 对宝鸡市法医送检358例尸体解剖器官标本进行常规检查并进行组织病理学诊断. 结果 358例中以青壮年男性为主,死亡原因主要为创伤、猝死、中毒.组织学能明确死亡原因250例,无典型组织学病变101例,组织自溶腐败7例.病理诊断以心血管疾病为主,其次为呼吸、神经、消化系统疾病. 结论 法医解剖具有专业特点,与病理解剖不尽相同.组织病理学检验进行死亡原因诊断时,应积极与法医沟通,以充分掌握案情、死亡经过及特定的法医病理学特征. 相似文献
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36例脑血管畸形猝死案例及法医病理学分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的探讨脑血管畸形猝死的法医病理学特点和检查方法。方法对1997年至2006年10月四川华西鉴定中心所做36例脑血管畸形猝死病例进行分析。结果脑血管畸形猝死以10~49岁男性为主,有25例(69.44%)。18例(50%)发病前有明显诱因。18例(50%)在发病后1h内迅速死亡。脑血管畸形猝死的病理类型以脑动静脉畸形最为常见,有33例(91.67%)。24例(66.67%)发生于脑底部、桥脑和小脑。破裂出血是脑血管畸形猝死的直接死因,出血类型以蛛网膜下腔出血最为常见,有22例(61.11%)。脑血管畸形部位和形态复杂多变,常规检查方法不能满足鉴定的需要。结论脑血管畸形猝死的鉴定百分之百准确比较困难,熟悉其法医病理学特点,掌握多种检查方法,才能做出客观、全面、准确的鉴定结论。 相似文献
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近年来国内外学者相继报道由单纯窦房结中央动脉狭窄引起的猝死。本文就窦房结中央动脉的解剖、组织学特点、病变特点进行综述,探讨窦房结动脉狭窄引起猝死的机制,以期为相关法医病理学死因鉴定提供理论基础。 相似文献
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心肌致密化不全(noncompaction of ventricular myocardium,NVM)是一种罕见的特殊类型的心肌病.近年来对于NVM的临床报道和研究越来越多,已成为临床心血管方面研究的热点问题之一.虽然NVM较为罕见,但因其猝死发生较多,加上目前我国大多数法医工作者对此认识不足,同时,现阶段还没有非常成熟的法医病理学检查方法,且其易与其他类型心脏疾病相混淆,因此对NVM的法医病理学鉴定需要充分的认识和格外谨慎.现重点对NVM的病理学特点、常用的临床诊断方法及与其他类型心脏疾病的鉴别诊断进行综述,并总结其法医学鉴定要点. 相似文献
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目的观察P物质在过敏性猝死人体咽喉和胃肠组织的表达,并探讨其在法医学鉴定中的作用和意义。方法应用免疫组化方法对15例过敏性猝死者咽喉和胃肠组织的P物质表达进行研究,同时以冠心病猝死者作为对照;应用计算机图像分析系统对免疫组化染色结果进行分析,计算阳性指数(PI)。结果与对照组相比,实验组咽喉和胃肠组织P物质表达明显增加(P<0.001)。结论咽喉和胃肠组织的P物质表达可作为过敏性猝死的法医学鉴定的形态学依据和参考指标。 相似文献
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外伤性癫痫的法医学鉴定21例分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了探讨颅脑损伤后癫痫的法医学鉴定要点,对 21例颅脑损伤后癫痫出现发作者进行了现病史、既往史调查,并结合临床脑电图( EEG)及 X线片、 CT片、 MRI片等影像学资料。结果发现外伤后癫痫常继发于严重的颅脑损伤,多以晚期发作为主,其发作性质决定于颅脑损伤的部位和程度,头皮 EEG和 24小时动态 EEG证实有异常癫痫样波存在,影像学检查有助于定性分析。结果提示:外伤性癫痫法医学鉴定必须以掌握外伤史及既往史为基础,结合 EEG、 CT、 MRI等检查方可作出正确鉴定。 相似文献
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部分心性猝死由于缺乏明确的病理学改变,其鉴定工作一直是法医工作者的一大难题。近年来,与长QT综合征、心房颤动等致死性心律失常疾病相关基因(KCNE基因家族与KCNQl)等研究逐渐增多。国内外研究发现KCNE和KCNQ1基因编码心肌钾离子通道,其基因异常可引起严重的心律失常,甚至导致心性猝死。因此,死后KCNE和KCNQl的基因检测对于心性猝死鉴定具有重要意义。本文对KCNE、KCNQl与心性猝死的相关性研究进展进行综述,希望能为法医学研究和实践提供参考。 相似文献
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Sudden epilepsy deaths and the forensic pathologist 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J E Leestma J R Hughes S S Teas M B Kalelkar 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》1985,6(3):215-218
Sudden unexpected deaths in epileptic persons are not rare events, most commonly encountered by the forensic pathologist rather than the clinician. Such deaths may represent 1-1.5% of all "natural" deaths certified by the medical examiner or coroner. The typical victim is a black male about 30 years of age who tends to abuse alcohol, with a history of generalized epilepsy for more than 1 year and likely for more than 10 years. There are a lack of obvious anatomic causes for the death at autopsy, but 60-70% of cases will have a lesion in the brain (most commonly old trauma) to explain the epilepsy. Most victims have no blood levels of anticonvulsant medications at the time of death. We have evolved a form for use by medical examiner/coroner's investigators at the scene to collect relevant information which will be of assistance to the pathologist in interpreting the case. Estimated prevalence of sudden epilepsy death, mechanisms, and other features of such cases are reviewed briefly. 相似文献
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急性心肌缺血的发生是心源性猝死的最常见原因,而如何认定早期急性心肌缺血是法医学研究的热点,同时也是临床预防心肌梗死发生的重要环节。本文通过对缺血修饰白蛋白(ischemia modified albumin,IMA)和心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(heart-type fatty acid binding protein,H-FABP)的结构、功能、临床应用价值及法医学中的应用前景进行综述,旨在分析二者是否可作为早期心肌缺血的生化检测指标用于心源性猝死的诊断,并为今后选择心源性猝死的科研方向提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Sudden unexpected deaths due to natural causes constitute a large number of cases encountered by the forensic pathologist. In a majority of such cases, heart disease is responsible for sudden death. Rare disease entities resulting in sudden death are occasionally encountered and may not fit the classic epidemiological profile. We present a case of sudden death due to a previously undiagnosed Wilms' tumor (WT) in an adult. The pathology of WT is discussed, as is the topic of sudden death due to previously unrecognized malignancy. 相似文献
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Unexpected perinatal death and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): anatomopathologic and legal aspects 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Matturri L Ottaviani G Benedetti G Agosta E Lavezzi AM 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2005,26(2):155-160
This work intends to be a review of the recent histopathological findings elicited by research into sudden and unexpected perinatal death and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) that have dictated a novel approach to the inherent problems by pathologists, especially those entrusted with forensic medical authority. The new approach stems from the recent advances made in the understanding of neuro- and/or cardiac-conduction-system diseases present in unexpected perinatal death and SIDS. These demand that an accurate morphologic examination be performed of these structures, which modulate respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, and arousal activities, in all victims of sudden death. A histopathologic study of an ample register of cases of victims of sudden death, either perinatally or in early infancy, has demonstrated frequent alterations both of the autonomic nervous system (especially hypoplasia of the arcuate nucleus) and of the cardiac conduction system (accessory atrioventricular pathways). The present research provides an in-depth study of the many still-controversial aspects underlying perinatal unexpected death and SIDS and is recommended for professionals working in the forensic field, whose greater insight into this problem will allow more complete medicolegal documentation. 相似文献
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Yapo Ette H Koffi K Botti K Jouvet A Effi AB Honde M 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2002,23(2):202-207
This survey presents several cases of sudden deaths in Africa, specifically in Cote d'Ivoire, where the postmortem diagnosis of human cerebral malaria was determined after autopsy followed by pathologic examination of the brain. It is thought that cerebral malaria may be the primary cause of sudden death in nonimmunized persons during or after traveling in such endemic areas of Africa. The target population is composed of tourists, business travelers, and sailors. Because death caused by cerebral malaria occurs so suddenly, it can lead to forensic issues. Therefore, in any cases involving sudden death, it is very important for the forensic scientist to do a systematic evaluation, including pathologic examination of brain tissue, to rule in or exclude cerebral malaria. This practice will reinforce and aid research in progress directed at developing a vaccine and elucidating the role of tumor necrosis factor in this disease. Furthermore, this study will alert the physician to the importance of an effective and well-followed prophylaxis. 相似文献