改良腮腺切除术的临床应用

目的:总结应用倒S形切口、保留耳大神经及腮腺咬肌筋膜重建的改良腮腺良性肿瘤切除术式的临床治疗效果。方法:40例术中明确诊断为腮腺良性肿瘤的患者随机分成2组,A组(18例)采用改良术式(倒S切口、保留耳大神经、重建腮腺咬肌筋膜),B组(22例)采用传统腮腺浅叶或全叶切除术式,术后评价临床治疗效果。结果:全部手术均顺利完成,术后均随访12～24月。A组患者均术后面部瘢痕隐蔽,面部无凹陷,未出现暂时性面瘫,有短期耳垂麻木感2例(11.1%)、味觉出汗综合征2例(11.1%)。而B组有耳垂麻木7例(31.8%),暂时性面瘫12例(54.5%),味觉出汗综合征14例(63.6%)。结论:改良腮腺良性肿瘤切除术较传统术式操作简单,容易掌握,能够克服传统术式易导致面神经损伤以及面部瘢痕明显的问题,能较好地预防味觉出汗综合征。     

腮腺良性肿瘤改良术式的临床探讨

目的:探讨腮腺良性肿瘤改良术式的临床效果及其合理性.方法:110例患者随机分为2组,一组行保留腮腺咬肌筋膜、保留耳大神经分支和腮腺部分切除术的腮腺良性肿瘤改良术式,另一组行传统腮腺浅叶或全叶切除术;术后随访2a.记录手术出血量、手术时间,临床检查暂时性面瘫和术后肿瘤复发,行Minor试验,问卷调查味觉出汗综合征发生率、耳垂区感觉及面部畸形情况.采用SPSS10.0软件包对数据进行t检验或X2检验.结果:2组对比,腮腺良性肿瘤改良术式的出血量和手术时间显著低于传统腮腺浅叶切除术,术后暂时性面瘫、涎瘘和术后肿瘤复发率2组无显著差异.2组味觉出汗综合征的发生率,问卷调查和微量淀粉碘试验结果,均有统计学差异(P<0.05);保留耳大神经后支,耳垂区麻木症状发生率明显降低.结论:腮腺良性肿瘤改良术式可以减少手术出血量,缩短手术时间,显著减少味觉出汗综合征、耳垂区感觉障碍的发生率,患者术后面部畸形也获得良好改善.     

腮腺良性肿瘤切除的改良术式

目的　探讨保留腮腺嚼肌筋膜、耳大神经和胸锁乳突肌瓣整复的改良腮腺切除术对术后并发症的预防效果。方法　226例腮腺良性肿瘤患者随机分为4组。1组:94例患者采用保留腮腺嚼肌筋膜的腮腺切除术式;2组: 42例患者采用保留筋膜加胸锁乳突肌瓣整复的术式;3组:57例患者采用传统的皮下瓣(不保留腮腺嚼肌筋膜);4 组:33例患者采用不保留筋膜加胸锁乳突肌瓣整复的术式。患者术后随访2年,每2月1次。通过Minor试验和主观感受,观察术后患者味觉出汗综合征的发生,评价患者耳垂麻木和耳垂区软组织凹陷情况。结果　味觉出汗综合征的发生率1组(5·32%)或2组(4·76%)与3组(49·1%)或4组(51·5%)间在主观感受上存在统计学差异(P< 0·005)。采用胸锁乳突肌瓣与否没有统计学差异(P>0·05)。微量淀粉碘试验检测示1组与3组或4组间有统计学差异(P<0·005)。味觉出汗综合征的症状持续时间在1组与3组或4组间有统计学差异(P<0·001)。1组和2 组或3组和4组间在防止耳垂凹陷上存在统计学差异(P<0·05);未采用胸锁乳突肌瓣的2组与4组间无统计学差异(P>0·05)。保留耳大神经后术区出现麻木症状较术前无明显改变。结论　腮腺切除术时保留腮腺嚼肌筋膜对预防味觉出汗综合征有显著效果。采用胸锁乳突肌瓣整复可以防止耳垂区的凹陷,取得较好的美学效果。保留耳大神经可预防术区感觉降低。     

改良腮腺肿瘤切除术的临床研究

目的:探讨改良腮腺肿瘤切除术在腮腺良性肿瘤手术中的临床应用价值。方法:腮腺首发良性肿瘤146例,肿瘤直径≦3.0cm,采用保留腮腺咬肌筋膜、腮腺导管、耳大神经的腮腺部分切除术治疗,距肿瘤边缘0.5～1.0cm正常腺体组织内切除肿瘤。随访2～5年,观察术后并发症及肿瘤复发情况。结果:全部患者术后面部畸形较轻,腮腺功能良好,耳垂无明显麻木,无永久性面神经损伤,肿瘤无复发。出现暂时性面瘫45例,Frey’s综合症23例。结论:改良腮腺肿瘤切除术手术创伤小,术后并发症少,具有很高的临床推广价值。     

腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤改良术式的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤改良术式的临床效果.方法:腮腺多形性腺瘤102例行肿瘤及部分腺体切除术(改良组)与102例腮腺浅叶肿瘤切除术(对照组)比较其术后并发症.结果:随访1～10年,随访率93.1%,两组病例术后均无复发,改良组术后并发症明显低于对照组(p＜0.05).结论:腮腺多形性腺瘤及部分腺体切除术治疗腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤较传统的肿瘤及腮腺浅叶切除术比较具明显优势.     

腮腺筋膜和耳大神经保留的改良方法

目的：介绍～种腮腺切除术中保留耳大神经和腮腺筋膜的改良方法。方法：取常规s形切口,在腮腺筋膜浅面先向前游离皮瓣至腮腺近前缘,再于耳垂前1cm处纵形切开腮腺筋膜,在腮腺筋膜深面、腮腺组织表面向后游离至胸锁乳突肌,形成皮肤筋膜瓣。在游离过程中,将耳大神经主干及耳垂支、耳后支保留在皮肤筋膜瓣上,最后向前游离筋膜瓣。完成腮腺切除后,将前、后腮腺筋膜瓣折叠,拉紧缝合。结果：45／46例患者获得随访。术后3例分别在5个月、9个月和11个月出现轻度Frey综合征。9例术后出现耳垂暂时麻木,1～3个月后恢复感觉。下颌后凹陷不明显,无涎瘘发生。结论：改良的手术方法能完好地保留腮腺筋膜和耳大神经耳垂支、耳后支,显著降低相应并发症的发生。     

耳垂下小切口行腮腺下极良性肿瘤功能性切除术的临床应用

目的:探讨耳垂下小切口行腮腺下极良性肿瘤功能性切除术的临床应用价值。方法 :对我科收治的28例腮腺下极良性肿瘤患者行改良功能性切除术:采用耳垂下小切口,保护耳大神经耳垂支及耳后支,在腮腺咬肌筋膜下翻瓣,顺下颌后静脉向上寻找面神经,保留腮腺主导管及部分浅叶腮腺组织。术后跟踪随访2~24个月。结果:所有手术均顺利完成,患者面部瘢痕轻微,外形恢复良好,无术后面瘫,无涎漏。有耳垂麻木2例。术后随访无味觉出汗综合征发生,未见肿瘤复发。结论:耳垂下小切口行腮腺下极肿瘤功能性切除术有很高的临床应用价值。     

腮腺咬肌筋膜和脱细胞异体真皮基质在预防腮腺手术后Frey综合征中的临床应用

目的：探讨腮腺咬肌筋膜和脱细胞异体真皮基质（ADM）用于腮腺手术后味觉出汗综合征的效果。方法：2005.1～2007.12.收治腮腺良性肿瘤患者58例,随机分为4组：①对照组（A组）15例,单纯行不保留咬肌筋膜的腮腺浅叶或部分浅叶切除术;②保留咬肌筋膜组（B组）15例,在腮腺浅叶或部分浅叶切除术中保留腮腺咬肌筋膜;③ADM组（C组）12例,行不保留咬肌筋膜的腮腺浅叶或部分浅叶切除术后,根据缺损大小植入脱细胞异体真皮;④ADM＋保留咬肌筋膜组（D组）16例,在腮腺浅叶或部分浅叶切除术中保留腮腺咬肌筋膜,并根据缺损大小植入脱细胞异体真皮。所有病例术后随访,进行临床检查及碘-淀粉试验。结果：A组12/15例（80.0%）、B组2/15例（13.33%）、C组2/12例（16.67%）、D组1/16例（1.32%）出现味觉出汗综合征（碘淀粉试验阳性）,D组和B、C组比较,统计学有显著差异（P〈0.05）。结论：在腮腺浅叶或部分浅叶切除术中保留腮腺咬肌筋膜,并根据缺损大小植入脱细胞异体真皮能明显减小味觉出汗综合征的发生率。     

腮腺多形性腺瘤手术方式的改良

目的：探讨改良腮腺多形性腺瘤手术方式的临床应用效果。方法：采用改良手术方式,切除腮腺多形性腺瘤62例,观察术后并发症。结果：62例术后均有不同程度面瘫,于术后2周～3个月内恢复正常,耳垂皮肤感觉减弱,于术后2月内恢复正常,无涎瘘发生,随访2～10年,Frey综合征2例,无肿瘤复发,术后术区无凹陷,切口疤痕隐蔽。结论：改良术式切除腮腺多形性腺瘤,与传统术式相比,能达到同样疗效,但具有保存耳大神经,胸锁乳突肌瓣修复术后缺损便利,术后Frey综合征发生率低,术区无凹陷畸形,切口隐蔽等优点。     

腮腺良性肿瘤两种切除术式的疗效比较

目的 :探讨改良腮腺部分切除术在腮腺良性肿瘤治疗中的临床应用价值。方法 :回顾性分析漯河市中心医院收治的62例腮腺良性肿瘤病例,按照手术切除方法的不同分为改良组和传统组,传统组采用传统腮腺浅叶切除术治疗,另一组采用保留腮腺咬肌筋膜的"肿瘤+腮腺部分切除术"治疗(研究组),比较两组患者的疗效、并发症发生率及复发率。结果:术后随访6~48个月,两组患者的复发率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率显著低于传统组(P<0.05)。结论:改良腮腺部分切除术手术创伤小,术后并发症少,在直径<4 cm的腮腺浅叶良性肿瘤手术中,具有很高的临床应用价值。     

腮腺区域性切除术在治疗腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤中的体会

目的探讨腮腺多形性腺瘤两种术式的术后复发率及并发症发生情况,为临床合理选择术式提供依据。方法总结1999年1月至2007年1月间汕头市第二人民医院收治的腮腺多形性腺瘤90例,其中44例采用腮腺区域性切除术,46例行腮腺浅叶切除术,随访时间2～9年。结果采用腮腺区域性切除手术的病例术后面瘫、Frey综合征、涎瘘的发生率均低于腮腺浅叶切除术,而采用两种术式肿瘤的复发率差异无统计学意义。结论区域性切除术手术创伤小．并发症少,还可以保存腮腺一定的功能,可作为腮腺多形性腺瘤临床治疗的首选术式。     

Superficial parotidectomy: technical modifications based on tumour characteristics

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of partial superficial parotidectomy and tumour enucleation in the surgical management of patients with pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 62 patients were treated for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid during the years 1995-1999; 17 patients were treated with conventional superficial parotidectomy, whereas 42 patients were subjected to partial superficial parotidectomy. In three patients, tumour size and facial nerve proximity essentially resulted in enucleation of the parotid mass. In partial superficial parotidectomy, only the tumour-bearing area of the gland parenchyma was excised with identification of the main trunk and preservation of the facial nerve division that was adjacent to the tumour site with no need for more extensive facial nerve dissection. RESULTS: There was no incidence of recurrence or facial nerve injury in our group of patients. The incidence of Frey's syndrome was 4.8%.     

腮腺多形性腺瘤腺体切除范围的病理依据

目的　为腮腺多形性腺瘤腺体切除范围提供病理学依据。方法　通过显微镜对25例原发腮腺多形性腺瘤连续病理切片的观察,尤其是重点观察和测量腺瘤包膜外浸润、出芽生长情况,并探讨有无原发多中心分布。结果　①包膜外浸润及出芽生长的具体扩展范围为:0·09~0·29 mm,远小于腺体部分切除的安全边界(5~10 mm)。②原发多中心分布2例,但具有分散程度小、有统一融合包膜的特点。结论　腮腺多形性腺瘤瘤体外5~10 mm的腺体部分切除,可以达到根治的效果。     

腮腺部分切除术治疗腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤的临床研究

目的探讨腮腺部分切除术治疗腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤的临床应用价值。方法回顾分析2005—2010年间我院收治的62例腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤,其中28例采用腮腺部分切除术,34例采用腮腺浅叶切除术。术后患者随访2～7年(平均3.8年),并比较2种术式的术后并发症和疗效。结果采用腮腺部分切除术的病例手术时间短,切口小,术后暂时性面瘫、Frey综合征、面部畸形、耳垂麻木发生率均低于腮腺浅叶切除术(P<0.01)。结论腮腺部分切除术具有并发症少、手术创伤小、腮腺功能保存良好等优点,可作为腮腺浅叶多形性腺瘤的首选手术方法。     

A modified centripetal approach to parotidectomy

A modified centripetal approach to parotidectomy is reported. A total of 422 benign parotid tumors, 383 of which were primary and 39 of which were recurrent, were treated by this technique. The pleomorphic adenoma was the most common type (94.79%) in the series. Superficial parotidectomy was done in 178 cases, and total parotidectomy, in 244 cases. No permanent facial paralysis occurred after parotidectomy in the primary tumor group. Seven recurrences were observed after surgery in the recurrent tumor group.     

腮腺多形性腺瘤区域性切除术与浅叶切除术的比较研究

目的 比较腮腺多形性腺瘤区域性切除术与浅叶切除术两种术式的术后复发率及并发症发生情况,为临床合理选择术式提供依据.方法 总结1998年1月～2004年6月间收治的腮腺多形性腺瘤61例,其中24例采用腮腺区域性切除术,37例行腮腺浅叶切除术,随访时间3～9年.结果 采用腮腺区域性切除手术的病例术后面瘫、Frey综合征、涎瘘的发生率均低于腮腺浅叶切除术,而肿瘤的复发率无明显差异.结论 区域性切除术手术创伤小,并发症少,还可以保存腮腺一定的功能,可作为腮腺多形性腺瘤临床治疗的首选术式.     

腮腺复发性多形性腺瘤的临床分析--附22例报告

目的：探讨腮腺多形性腺瘤复发、恶变的原因及临床治疗方法。方法：对22例腮腺多形性腺瘤复发患者进行回顾性分析和追踪调查。结果：多数腮腺多形性腺瘤复发病例肿块呈多灶性（18／22），手术越简单其复发率越高，复发间期越短（P＜0．05）。22人中有7例发生恶变，占31．8％，恶变与初发年龄较大有关（P＜0．05），与手术次数关系不大。末次手术分别采用浅叶切除术，腮腺全切术、扩大切除术，对7例有恶变者于术后辅以放射治疗。术后平均追踪54月，除1例多形性腺瘤恶变者于术后30月时肿瘤复发外，其余均未见复发。结论：不恰当的手术方式是导致腮腺性多形性腺瘤复发的直接原因。     

Surgical approach to parotid pleomorphic adenoma: a 15-year retrospective cohort study

Our aim was to investigate the clinical outcomes (recurrences, duration of follow-up, and effectiveness) after extracapsular dissection and superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. We retrospectively studied 261 patients whose adenomas were treated at the Maxillofacial Unit of Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro between January 2003 and December 2015 and had been followed up for at least three years after either extracapsular dissection or superficial parotidectomy. The difference in recurrences and complications between the two techniques were measured by univariate analysis (Fisher’s exact test). The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Of the 261 patients 125 were male (48%) and 136 female (52%), mean (range) age 47 (14-78) years. A total of 210 of the 261 patients had an extracapsular dissection (80%, 101 male and 109 female), and 51 had a superficial parotidectomy (24 male and 27 female). Postoperative complications were recorded in 48 of the 261 patients; complication rate was 10% in the extracapsular dissection group, and a third after superficial parotidectomy. There were more complications in the parotidectomy group (p=0.042). For pleomorphic adenomas located in the superficial portion of the parotid gland, extracapsular dissection is a viable alternative to traditional superficial parotidectomy in the hands of experienced parotid surgeons with regard to clinical outcomes, and it may be superior with regard to cost.     

Tumour recurrence after surgical removal of parotid pleomorphic salivary adenoma using a retrograde facial nerve dissection technique

Recurrence after surgical removal of parotid pleomorphic salivary adenoma using retrograde facial nerve dissection is not well researched. We adopted retrograde nerve dissection for parotid surgery for benign disease as a standard procedure in 1995. The objective of this study was to establish the rate of recurrence of primary tumours associated with the technique after removal of parotid pleomorphic salivary adenoma. We recruited 59 patients over a 16-year (1995-2011) period and collected the data prospectively. Eight patients were excluded as they had died or had been lost to follow up. Male:female ratio was 16:35 and age range was 15-69 years. The mean tumour size as measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was 27.4mm. Thirty-eight patients had superficial parotidectomy, 8 had total parotidectomy, and 5 had partial superficial parotidectomy. Mean follow up from the date of operation was 104 months (median 98, range 17-171). All patients were reviewed and examined in 2011 to establish whether the tumour had recurred. One patient had developed a solitary nodular recurrence 8 years after the initial procedure. Recurrence was 2%. The rate of clinically apparent recurrence after parotidectomy for pleomorphic salivary adenoma in this study is low and is comparable with others reported.