大连市白纹伊蚊分布情况调查

白纹伊蚊是我国登革热、乙脑的重要传播媒介 ,在长江以南多见。该蚊种在 1981年通过进口的旧轮胎输入大连市 ,1990、1993年相继在三橡胶厂、东海头地段出现。随着市场经济的发展 ,白纹伊蚊不仅经旧轮胎 ,也随集装箱输入进来。为摸清白纹伊蚊在大连市的分布情况 ,近几年 ,我们对本地区白纹伊蚊的滋生、活动场所进行了初步调查。1　调查方法　从各种不同的滋生场所采集蚊卵及幼虫 ,带回实验室 ,待羽化为成蚊后鉴定蚊种 ;在各种滋生场所及周围直接捕捉成蚊带回实验室鉴定蚊种。2　结果　2 .1　滋生地调查　调查废旧轮胎、水缸等各种可能蓄水的…     

云浮口岸白纹伊蚊孳生习性与密度调查

目的 掌握云浮口岸地区白纹伊蚊孳生地类型和季节消长变化,观察诱蚊诱卵器在口岸地区的应用效果.方法 白纹伊蚊孳生地调查,仔细检查环境中的各种积水容器,记录容器类型及是否有白纹伊蚊幼虫孳生;白纹伊蚊季节消长监测选择有代表性生境,采用人工小时法调查;采用诱蚊诱卵器法监测白纹伊蚊幼虫容器指数消长变化.结果 白纹伊蚊孳生地调查中,查获积水容器569个,积水容器类型12种,平均容器指数13.36％,云浮口岸积水容器主要是旧轮胎,居民家中积水容器主要是废旧桶、瓦罐和蓄水池;白纹伊蚊高峰期从5月中旬持续至8月,时间较长;2011年6-11月共布放诱蚊诱卵器1620个,诱卵阳性容器数为151个,平均诱卵指数为9.41％,6-9月为白纹伊蚊诱卵指数高峰期.结论 本次调查获得云浮口岸地区白纹伊蚊孳生、季节消长情况,为开展白纹伊蚊防治提供了科学依据,为诱蚊诱卵器在口岸应用提供了基础数据.     

珠海口岸登革热传播媒介的调查研究

目的掌握珠海口岸登革热传播媒介及其生态习性，为做好口岸登革热防制工作提供理论依据。方法用人饵诱捕法调查媒介伊蚊种类、构成和成蚊刺叮率；用诱蚊产卵器法监测媒介伊蚊幼虫密度指数变化情况；调查各口岸伊蚊孳生环境，了解口岸媒介孳生现状。结果全年共捕获成蚊1981只，其中致倦库蚊、白纹伊蚊分别占捕蚊总数的54．42％和37．00％，未捕获埃及伊蚊；白纹伊蚊年均刺叮率为1．09只／人工小时，媒介伊蚊幼虫年均诱蚊产卵器阳性指数和密度指数分别为36．37％和8．01。口岸白纹伊蚊孳生环境类型有8大类，其中可乐等饮料罐类、积水池（沟）、旧轮胎等容器积水，分别占阳性积水容器的23．17％、21．95％和20．73％。结论珠海口岸登革热媒介仅发现白纹伊蚊1种。未发现埃及伊蚊；白纹伊蚊是珠海口岸优势蚊种之一，全年均能孳生繁殖，5～11月是该蚊繁殖高峰，成蚊活动高峰则在6～10月；不同类型的积水容器均可成为该口岸媒介伊蚊的重要孳生地。     

福建城市高楼地下层蚊虫密度调查

目的 :探讨城市高层建筑地下层蚊虫滋生现状。方法 :调查福建省福州、厦门、泉州、龙岩、三明等主要城市高层建筑地下层的蚊虫滋生地种类和分布现状、滋生习性与密度 ,以 5 0 0ml孑孓勺捕捞幼虫计算密度 (条 /勺 ) ,用人工小时人饵诱捕趋吸蚊计算成蚊密度刺叮率〔只 /(h·m )〕。结果 :调查 5市 10 8座高层建筑地下层均有不同程度的积水 ,85 .2 %地下层发现有蚊虫滋生 ,查获各种积水 696处 ,发现有蚊虫滋生的积水阳性率为 71.7% ,平均每座有阳性滋生地4.6处。重要滋生环境为积水池、排水沟、积水滩和轮胎。主要滋生蚊种为致倦库蚊和白纹伊蚊 ,2种蚊虫最高幼虫密度分别为 10 65和 2 65条 /勺 ,成蚊平均刺叮率致倦库蚊为 18.2只 ,白纹伊蚊为 12 .6只。结论 :高层建筑地下层是城市蚊虫重要的滋生环境。     

武夷山登革热媒介监测结果分析

目的：开展登革热媒介监测，预防和控制登革热暴发性流行。方法：调查武夷山机场及其毗邻居民村、度假区等环境媒介种类与滋生习性，以布雷图指数计算幼虫种群密度。结果：本调查仅查获白纹伊蚊，未发现埃及伊蚊。机场、居民村、度假区白纹伊蚊的布雷图指数分别为15．91、8．90和53．26，其中毗邻机场的旧居民点赤石村布雷图指数高达109．26，是新居民点双利村的5倍。发现白纹伊蚊阳性积水容器13种，机场生活区的阳性积水容器主要为快餐盒和电器包装盒；居民村主要为旧缸罐等容器型积水；度假区主要为旧轮胎和假山积水。结论：武夷山旧居民村白纹伊蚊种群密度明显较新村、机场和度假区为高。     

白纹伊蚊在大连的分布

从登革热流行趋势分析表明 ,其流行区在不断扩大 ,强度和频度亦在增加 ,处于流行上升阶段 ,所以 ,登革热已成为人类重要的虫媒传染病。白纹伊蚊是我国登革热的主要传播媒介 ,也是乙型脑炎的媒介。它分布广 ,与人的关系密切 ,不但能传播疾病 ,而且还骚扰人、畜 ,是重要防制的蚊种之一。大连市疾病预防控制中心系统地开展了白纹伊蚊的调查研究和防制工作。为摸清白纹伊蚊在大连的滋生分布情况 ,对三橡胶厂、机车厂等单位进行了现场调查 ,结果表明 ,白纹伊蚊是通过日本进口旧轮胎及集装箱进入大连 ,并在轮胎中滋生分布扩散。近年来 ,白纹伊蚊密…     

引诱物和产卵载体对白纹伊蚊产卵效果评价

白纹伊蚊（Aedes albopictus Skuse），又名亚洲虎蚊，是登革出血热（DHF）的传播媒介，能在许多盛水容器和积水的生境中生长繁殖。在泰国，从海拔450～1800m的森林、农村和郊外的多种生境中发现了白纹伊蚊（Scanlon和Esah，1965；Gould等，1970；Thavara等，1996）。随处可见的孳生地，如树洞、椰子壳、水果皮、水缸、废弃的旧轮胎以及小船上的积水，都能找到白纹伊蚊的幼虫。由于白纹伊蚊的孳生地多种多样，尤其是森林地区，监测幼虫种群非常艰难。就白纹伊蚊或其他伊蚊，尤其是埃及伊蚊（Ae．aegypti）而言，采用诱卯器了解产卯活动情况以监测其密度，是最常用的监测方法或采样方法（Service 1992）。     

中缅边境地区孟连和澜沧县登革热媒介蚊虫调查

目的了解中缅边境地区孟连和澜沧县登革热媒介种类、生态习性和登革热病毒自然感染状况,为登革热预防控制提供科学依据。方法在孟连和澜沧县选择3个自然村作为监测点,采用人工诱捕法白天诱捕成蚊,并在房屋内外积水容器捕捞幼虫,采用RTPCR方法对现场捕获的成蚊进行登革热病毒检测。结果 2010年6-10月在孟连和澜沧县监测点共捕获蚊虫6属8亚属22种3436只,其中白纹伊蚊为优势蚊种,占捕蚊总数的33.82%;未捕到埃及伊蚊。3个观察点白纹伊蚊平均房屋指数19.3,容器指数5.84,布雷图指数30.3,千人指数68.5;白纹伊蚊孳生环境类型以竹筒、土罐类和旧轮胎等临时积水容器为主,分别占阳性积水容器数的34.1%、27.5%和17.6%;白纹伊蚊成蚊平均密度为8.98只/人工小时;成蚊密度高峰出现在7-8月;对捕获的29批白纹伊蚊(1162只)进行RTPCR检测,未发现登革热病毒感染。结论白纹伊蚊密度较高且分布广泛,应加强当地登革热监测工作。     

上海地区登革热媒介的现状及滋生习性调查

目的：掌握上海地区登革热媒介的现状及登革热发生的危险程度，了解媒介蚊虫(白纹伊蚊)的滋生习性与分布，为制定防制方案提供依据。方法：4-11月每月在长宁、闸北、卢湾、嘉定、闵行5个区的居民、单位内外的不同环境和容器中采集伊蚊幼虫，检查伊蚊幼虫滋生阳性率，采用人诱法监测伊蚊成虫的叮咬频率。结果：在上海地区尚未发现埃及伊蚊存在，登革热的媒介为白纹伊蚊；该蚊幼虫出现期为4-11月，数量高峰为6—9月；6—9月间白纹伊蚊幼虫的房屋指数为8．90％，容器指数8．59％，布雷图指数12．19％，幼虫密度指数为2．16；成虫的叮刺指数8．3只/30min，监测值达到WHO三级；其媒介数量能达到引起登革热流行的程度；白纹伊蚊幼虫滋生广泛，但以轮胎、缸罐、花盆、竹节等小容器为主；城乡间、不同房屋结构的住区间、不同单位间的白纹伊蚊幼虫阳性率差异有显著性(P＜0．01)。结论：上海地区登革热媒介蚊种为白纹伊蚊，其媒介数量已处于危险程度，一旦传染源进入，不可避免地会引起登革热的发生与流行，应密切关注。必须加强对媒介种群数量动态和媒介能量的监测工作，及时制定有效的预防措施。     

曲阜孔林伊蚊调查研究及防制

目的：调查孔林伊蚊各类分布及活动规律，研究防制对策。方法：人帐诱捕法、身体诱捕法、容量计数法，对所捕蚊种进行鉴定。结果：孔林内有白纹伊蚊、仁川伊蚊、汉城伊蚊、刺优伊蚊，各类伊蚊滋生场所不尽相同。7、8月份是成蚊活动高峰期，每天日出前及日落后1－2h是成蚊活动高峰时段，夜间活动因种而显示不同规律。结论：孔林内虽无较大类型的伊蚊滋生地，但一些小滋生场所以及人为因素造成的滋生地不容忽视，应及时处理，并结合化学防制，可有效防制孔林防制孔林伊蚊。     

Frequency of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae and pupae in traps, Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the monthly frequency of larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti and other mosquitoe species in tires, and the influence of environmental factors on that. METHODS: The immature stages of mosquitoes were collected monthly from four tires in the municipality of Nova Igua?u, Brazil, from November 1997 to October 1998. The following variables were measured: rainfall, temperature, water volume, water pH. The tires were arranged in a pyramid, one at the base (tire 1) and 3 others (2,3 e 4) laying over it. RESULTS: Were collected 10,310 larvae and 612 pupae. Aedes albopictus was the most common species in both the larval and pupal stages. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were collected throughout the year but were more frequent during in the rainy season. The number of Aedes aegypti was significantly correlated with the temperature, rainfall and water volume of the tires. The correlation between water pH and number of larvae was not significant. Aedes albopictus larvae were more frequent in tires left in the shade. CONCLUSIONS: Aedes albopictus was more abundant in tires than Aedes aegypti. Discarded tires seem to be an important source of both Aedes species throughout the year. The favored environmental conditions of the tires, such as water volume and exposure to sunlight differ for Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti.     

1％双硫磷砂粒剂现场灭蚊幼效果研究

目的研究1％双硫磷砂粒剂对大容器和河流孳生的淡色库蚊、废旧轮胎和雨水井中孳生的白纹伊蚊幼虫的现场杀灭效果，以及该药物控制不同类型孳生地蚊虫孳生的持效期和适宜浓度。方法用不同浓度1％双硫磷砂粒剂处理淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊孳生地，观察2种蚊幼密度变化及持效期。结果投放0．25mg／L 1％双硫磷砂粒剂28d后，容器内淡色库蚊幼虫密度下降率达到80％以上，持效期接近1个月，而投放2g／m^2剂量于河流中，淡色库蚊幼虫密度下降80％以上的时间为11d，持效期为12d；对白纹伊蚊而言，1mg／L剂量投放20d后，对废旧轮胎和雨水井蚊幼的杀灭效果差不多，蚊幼密度下降率都接近100％。结论10k双硫磷砂粒剂对河流中淡色库蚊的有效控制时间在2周左右，1mg／L剂量对其他孳生地的淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊的有效控制时间均在28d左右。     

Importation of Aedes albopictus and other exotic mosquito species into the United States in used tires from Asia

Between May 18 and December 4, 1986, 79 seagoing containers and their contents of 22,051 used tires were inspected for adult mosquitoes as well as eggs and larvae. Of the total inspected, 5,507 tires (25%) contained significant amounts of water. No adults or eggs were found. Fifteen tires contained mosquito larvae that were identified as Ae. albopictus, Ae. togoi, Culex pipiens complex, Tripteroides bambusa and Uranotaenia bimaculata. The infestation rate for all species was 6.8 infested tires per 10,000 tires (wet and dry) inspected. Aedes albopictus larvae were most frequently collected, occurring at a rate of 20 infested wet tires per 10,000 inspected.     

北京口岸地区蚊虫监测报告

目的掌握北京口岸蚊虫的种类和季节消长,为蚊虫控制提供依据。方法成虫密度监测采用灯诱法和人帐诱法,幼虫密度监测采用勺捞法。结果共捕获成蚊14270只,经鉴定为4属6种,分别为中华按蚊、淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊、白纹伊蚊、刺扰伊蚊和骚扰阿蚊;共捕获蚊幼虫114条,为淡色库蚊和凶小库蚊。淡色库蚊为北京口岸的优势蚊种,活动高峰为9月。结论北京口岸蚊虫控制宜采用综合治理策略。     

A survey of mosquitoes breeding in used tire stockpiles in Connecticut

A larval survey of nine used tire disposal sites in Connecticut, was conducted from June through October 1987. No larvae of Aedes albopictus were uncovered indicating that this mosquito is not yet established in the state. However, eight other mosquito species in four genera were found. The most abundant and widely distributed species found breeding in permanent tire dumps were Ae. atropalpus, Ae. triseriatus and Culex restuans. Culex pipiens was the second most common Culex species followed by Cx. territans and Cx. salinarius. Other species included Anopheles punctipennis and Culiseta melanura. Larvae of Ae. atropalpus and Cx. salinarius were most frequently recovered from tire casings exposed to direct sunlight, while Ae. triseriatus and Cs. melanura predominated in tires shaded by bordering trees and low-lying vegetation. The other mosquito species showed no discernable preference for either habitat type.     

诱蚊诱卵器和光催化捕杀蚊蝇器在蚊虫调查中的应用

目的了解陕西省白纹伊蚊分布边界地区的蚊类种群及生态习性;评价诱蚊诱卵器和光催化捕杀蚊蝇器在蚊虫现场调查中的应用效果。方法2006年7-9月在3个调查点选择6种不同生境,布放诱蚊诱卵器以诱获白纹伊蚊成虫及卵;布放光催化捕杀蚊蝇器捕获各种成蚊。结果宝鸡、韩城市发现白纹伊蚊分布。诱蚊诱卵器调查平均诱蚊诱卵指数(MOI)为17.92;白纹伊蚊繁殖高峰期在8月,以山地林地MOI最高,为33.20。光催化捕杀蚊蝇器在黄陵、宝鸡、韩城市共捕获成蚊925只,分属5属8种,淡色库蚊为优势种,构成比为76.11%。淡色库蚊、骚扰阿蚊、三带喙库蚊在各种环境均有分布,三带喙库蚊在养殖耕种区分布较多。结论白纹伊蚊分布边界与历史资料一致。淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊、骚扰阿蚊为上述地区主要蚊种。诱蚊诱卵器和光催化捕杀蚊蝇器现场应用效果良好。     

First record of Aedes albopictus establishment in Italy.

In September 1991, the first breeding populations of Aedes albopictus were discovered in Veneto Region, Italy. Larvae were collected in a wide variety of peridomestic containers and in used tires. Attempts were made to eradicate this species from infested areas. No larvae or adults of Ae. albopictus were found from October 1991 onwards. It is not yet assessed if this was because of the control measures taken or due to the low fall temperatures and the short critical photoperiod prevailing in the area (L:D, 12:45). Since tire casings are believed to be the primary mode of introduction and dispersal of Ae. albopictus, an investigation of tire retreading operations was initiated to determine the source and mode of introduction of Ae. albopictus into Italy.     

宝鸡市蚊类种群及分布的调查研究

目的调查宝鸡市蚊类种群构成及生态习性,为有效控制蚊虫提供科学依据。方法成蚊调查采用帐诱法、诱蚊灯法和诱蚊诱卵器法,蚊幼调查采用容器法,所采蚊虫带回实验室分类、鉴定、计数。结果宝鸡市区采获蚊虫4属7种,按蚊属2种、伊蚊属1种、库蚊属3种、阿蚊属1种;淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊为优势种群。7~9月调查期间,蚊幼平均容器指数为49.92,成蚊帐诱密度为11.5只/人工小时,诱蚊灯诱蚊密度为1.01只/h,诱蚊诱卵器诱蚊指数为11.52%,白纹伊蚊密度高峰在8月,诱蚊指数为17.16%。成蚊密度山地林地最高,其次为特殊场所,养殖耕种区高于休闲活动区;城市居民区白纹伊蚊居多,农村居民区淡色库蚊居多。结论初步摸清了宝鸡市蚊类的种群构成和生态分布,为开展蚊虫防治提供了科学依据。     

上海口岸蚊虫与分种检索研究

目的了解上海口岸蚊虫种群和分布。方法灯诱法和捞勺法。结果2005—2007年间上海口岸共捕获蚊虫6属18种,其中按蚊属1种,伊蚊属3种,阿蚊属1种,库蚊属10种,曼蚊属1种,骚扰蚊属2种,背点骚扰蚊在上海首次捕获。广泛分布的有致倦库蚊、淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊和白纹伊蚊。结论致倦库蚊、淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊和白纹伊蚊是上海口岸可能骚扰人的常见蚊虫。     

Elimination of Aedes albopictus from tire piles by introducing Macrocyclops albidus (Copepoda, Cyclopidae)

The copepod Macrocyclops albidus is an unusually promising new form of biological control for mosquito larvae. When introduced to two isolated tire piles, M. albidus eliminated all Aedes albopictus larvae from both piles within 2 months. Adult Ae. albopictus around the tire piles disappeared within another month. Complete suppression of Ae. albopictus larvae was still in effect in all treated tires a year later.