基于无线传感网络的安全监控系统应用研究

对某特种气体厂生产过程中潜在的危险有害因素进行了辨识分析,提出了相应的对策措施,提出了基于MEMS传感器、无线传感网络和3G（GIS、GPS、GPRS）技术的安全监控系统方案,包括安全监控系统架构、MEMS传感器和无线传感网络节点的设置方案、无线传感网络接入和通信机制和安全监控系统的软件功能。所提的技术方案已在该特种气体厂进行示范应用,取得良好运行效果。     

无线传感器网络在武警部队的应用

无线传感器网络作为一种新兴技术,在世界各国各领域有着广泛的应用.本文在对无线传感器网络做了全面研究后,引例借鉴外军应用无线传感器网络实例,初步分析了无线传感器网络在武警部队的应用可行性,最后通过举例介绍了无线传感器网络在武警部队的应用方法及应特别注意的关键技术.     

无线传感器网络应用综述

无线传感器网络是目前研究的热点,也是未来的高技术之一,它是传感器技术、嵌入式系统技术、MEMS技术[16]、分布式信息处理技术[17]及无线通信技术[18]等多学科的交叉综合学科.无线传感器网络技术发展非常迅速,研究的内容非常广泛,已取得丰硕的理论和应用成果,但许多问题正在研究之中,由于无线传感器网络的诸多优点,使之具有了广阔的市场应用前景.本文主要针对无线传感器网络在各行业的应用情况进行了分析,并针对具体项目分析了应用中的优缺点,为进一步研究并拓展无线传感器网络的应用范围提供理论指导.     

无线传感器网络在武警部队执行特殊任务中的应用

无线传感器网络作为微机电系统、网络和传感器三项技术相结合的产物,是一种全新的信息获取和处理技术,可以广泛运用于各个领域,有着极大的应用前景.本文主要对无线传感器网络的概念、节点结构、网络结构进行了介绍,分析了当前武警部队执行特殊任务的战术需求,提出了几种把无线传感器网络运用到武警部队执行特殊任务现场感知中的方案, ‘并对下一步要进行的研究工作进行了展望.     

WSN定位算法实际应用性能评价指标及其影响因素的分析

传感器节点定位是无线传感器网络大范围应用的基础。本文结合目前国内外已提出的各种定位算法,从算法在网络中的实际应用出发,探讨了定位算法性能评价指标以及实际应用中应考虑的各种因素。     

浅谈物联网感知安全的关键技术

在认识物联网的特征和层次结构的基础上,介绍了物联网感知安全的应用研究现状,以及物联网感知安全行业所需的技术,着重分析了无线传感器网络技术、识别技术、信息传感核心材料等关键技术的研究内容和目标。运用物联网感知安全技术可以为公共安全和安全生产提供有效的保障。     

无线传感器网络在文物保护中的应用

无线传感器网络是计算、通信和传感器三项技术结合的产物,被视为环境监测和建设监测的一个发展方向,有着广泛的应用领域,文物保护是其潜在的应用领域之一.介绍无线传感器网络的特点及其在文物保护中应用的必要性,提出博物馆文物保护系统无线传感器网络构建方案,以及无线传感器网络节点、汇节点和博物馆监控中心软件等部分的设计方案.与传统的文物保护系统相比,该系统具有易于扩充,测量准确等特点.     

生物传感器在环境监测中的研究进展

详细介绍了生物传感器相关知识.讨论了各类生物传感器在水、大气环境监测领域中的应用, 指出了应用中存在的问题,展望了生物传感技术及传感器在环境监测领域的应用前景.     

无线传感器网络的安全性研究

本文讨论了无线传感器网络的研究现状,对无线传感器网络通信能力和计算能力进行了分析,着重研究了无线传感器网络面临的安全风险及其对策,探讨了现有安全协议存在的问题和今后发展的方向.     

基于模糊数据融合理论的智能家居环境监测系统研究

针对智能家居环境监测系统中,多个传感器独立工作有可能造成系统出现误判,导致开关电器、报警系统误动作问题,提出基于模糊综合评判和多传感器信息融合技术,采用单片机控制的多传感器无线传感网络,实时监测家居环境并及时报警和发送GSM短信。研究结果表明,将这种模糊综合评判方法应用于智能家居环境监测系统,可以增加系统监测数据的准确性,提高系统工作的可靠性。     

Dependability assessment of network-based safety-related system

Advances in electronic integration and radio communication have led to the emergence of a new kind of safety systems, i.e. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). This network-based safety-related system is becoming more and more present in the domain of safety due to its easy deployment. It does not need a wire infrastructure and its range of applications is wide. Usually, such a system is composed of various nodes (sensors) collaborating to monitor a targeted phenomenon. In most cases, nodes are battery powered and this is the weakness of the system makes it necessary to design an energy saving policy. The present paper gives a dependability viewpoint of such a system. A modeling framework is suggested integrating the interdependency of the components. Stochastic Petri nets are used to implement this model and two heuristics to schedule component activity. The first is based on the proposed importance measures, the second on a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The aim is to conserve energy and so to extend WSN dependability.     

高速公路紧急事件处置现场视频无线传输系统的研究

从高速公路交通事故紧急处置和应急救援的角度出发,在对高速公路交通事故过程、影响因素、紧急处置与救援特点及其信息需求分析的基础上,指出高速公路现有的有线监控系统、CDMA,GPRS系统均无法满足高速公路交通事故紧急处置和应急救援中对视频实时传输的需要。给出了笔者研发的适用于高速公路应急救援现场的基于WLAN的无线视频实时传输系统的基本原理与功能。     

Reducing security vulnerabilities for critical infrastructure

In this paper, we show the need for improved Process Control System (PCS) security, and describe some of the promising research areas in PCS security. One implementation of PCS in critical infrastructure and factory automation is a supervisory, control, and data acquisition (SCADA) system, a real-time industrial process control system which centrally monitors and controls remote and/or local processes utilizing plant, equipment, or devices (such as switches, valves, pumps, relays, etc.) while collecting and logging field data. Current SCADA systems are distributed, networked, and dependent on open protocols for the internet, which are exposed to remote cyber terrorism. They are particularly vulnerable to unauthorized access. We give some examples of SCADA processes with natural gas control systems in USA and the Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) in Korea. We also examine a representative vulnerability and corresponding measures for security, and present an example of concrete measures for the security of mass transportation as a critical infrastructure.     

基于全球定位系统(GPS)的电动车辆实时监控系统设计

电动汽车以其良好的环保效应和灵活多样的能源利用形式,已成为国际社会普遍公认的汽车工业的重要发展方向之一,作为凸显可持续发展理念和国家科技产业实力的窗口,电动汽车的规模化应用将成为彰显2008北京“绿色奥运、科技奥运”主题的鲜明标志。为确保电动汽车奥运应用的安全性与可靠性,笔者提出了基于GPS的电动车辆实时监控系统的总体设计。该系统由车载信息采集终端(OBICT)、车辆运行监控(VOP)和无线通讯网络(WCN)3个子系统构成,并能对电动汽车运行中的电池及关键部件工作状态、车辆位置等数据进行实时采集与传输。在给出系统总体结构设计的基础上,对该车载信息采集终端、车辆运行监控子系统的数据流程进行分析,并提出了相应的软/硬件架构技术、设计方法以及实现的功能。     

基于贝叶斯网络的尾流事故机理分析

针对事故树分析法的局限性,在尾流事故树的基础上,建立贝叶斯网络(BN)。运用推理运算对BN进行定量分析,得出:空中交通密度太大、空中交通管制(ATC)间隔判断错误和短期冲突告警(STCA)被忽略是事故的关键致因。将针对致因提出的改进措施引入到BN中,评价相关措施的有效性。应用BN进行尾流事故的机理分析,能够以比逻辑门更好的形式表达变量间的不确定性关系,从而更加方便地找到导致事故发生的关键因素。     

隧道施工生产安全网络平台系统的技术研究

首先分析了专业网络的发展趋势,介绍了专业网络的几种实现技术。然后重点介绍了基于蓝牙无线专业网络技术,并阐述了其技术特点和优越性。最后设计了基于蓝牙技术的公路隧道施工生产安全网络智能监控系统平台,该系统将蓝牙通信技术与有线电话和互联网融为一体,组成专业网络监控网,在具有蓝牙功能的专业设备间的内部构建网络以实现无线通信,对外实现以太网接入,实现对公路隧道施工生产安全网络平台智能监控的本地集中控制和远程控制。     

基于贝叶斯网络的机械安全性评估模型研究

重点阐述了基于贝叶斯网络的机械安全性评估模型的建立过程,应用贝叶斯网络建立了开式压力机安全性评估模型,对冲手事故模型中的共因失效节点进行了说明,并最终计算得出开式压力机冲手事故的发生概率.计算结果分析表明:对于系统基本事件之间有共因和相关关系的系统,BN计算结果使得事故后果概率明显增大,设计者和管理者不能忽略共因和相关关系对系统风险的影响.     

e-JIKEI Network using e-JIKEI Cameras: Community security using considerable number of cheap stand-alone cameras

The e-JIKEI Network, a concept for realizing a safer and more comfortable community, and the e-JIKEI Camera, a stand-alone camera developed for the e-JIKEI Network, are reviewed. The concept of the e-JIKEI Network is that residents view their surroundings using cheap cameras, which act as their eyes, and home computers, which act as their brains, using the free software provided by us through the Internet. For the complete protection of the privacy of ordinary citizens, we propose a second concept supporting the concept of the e-JIKEI Network; in this concept, those who own and manage images (owners) and those who have the right to view these images (viewers) are separated by means of image encryption. Since 2004, the “Dairi-EYE” series, a free software for a personal computer (PC)-based system, has been distributed through our website. However, the use of PCs is not very user-friendly. Therefore, an all-in-one device called the “e-JIKEI Camera” has been developed. A social experiment of the e-JIKEI Network using e-JIKEI Cameras has been carried out.     

基于ANP的建筑安全管理绩效评价框架研究

基于政府A部门提供的502起建设工程事故调查报告,综合应用比较分析、数据挖掘、网络层次分析法(ANP)和超级决策(SD)决策软件,建立建筑安全管理绩效评价框架,包括6个一级指标和24个二级指标;通过分析各因素之间的关系,修正各个因素的权重,得出事故致因的传递路径。根据和其他偏定性研究的比较还可以发现,基于数据挖掘的ANP和SD的综合运用,更利于对真实情况进行研究模拟,在应对较大建设工程事故风险时更具有针对性和前瞻性。     

The Real-World Safety Potential of Connected Vehicle Technology

Objective: This article estimates the safety potential of a current commercially available connected vehicle technology in real-world crashes.

Method: Data from the Centre for Automotive Safety Research's at-scene in-depth crash investigations in South Australia were used to simulate the circumstances of real-world crashes. A total of 89 crashes were selected for inclusion in the study. The crashes were selected as representative of the most prevalent crash types for injury or fatal crashes and had potential to be mitigated by connected vehicle technology. The trajectory, speeds, braking, and impact configuration of the selected in-depth cases were replicated in a software package and converted to a file format allowing “replay” of the scenario in real time as input to 2 Cohda Wireless MK2 onboard units. The Cohda Wireless onboard units are a mature connected vehicle technology that has been used in both the German simTD field trial and the U.S. Department of Transport's Safety Pilot project and have been tuned for low false alarm rates when used in the real world. The crash replay was achieved by replacing each of the onboard unit Global Positioning System (GPS) inputs with the simulated data of each of the involved vehicles. The time at which the Cohda Wireless threat detection software issued an elevated warning was used to calculate a new impact speed using 3 different reaction scenarios and 2 levels of braking.

Results: It was found that between 37 and 86% of the simulated crashes could be avoided, with highest percentage due a fully autonomous system braking at 0.7 g. The same system also reduced the impact speed relative to the actual crash in all cases. Even when a human reaction time of 1.2 s and moderate braking of 0.4 g was assumed, the impact speed was reduced in 78% of the crashes. Crash types that proved difficult for the threat detection engine were head-on crashes where the approach angle was low and right turn–opposite crashes.

Conclusions: These results indicate that connected vehicle technology can be greatly beneficial in real-world crash scenarios and that this benefit would be maximized by having the vehicle intervene autonomously with heavy braking. The crash types that proved difficult for the connected vehicle technology could be better addressed if controller area network (CAN) information is available, such as steering wheel angle, so that driver intent can be inferred sooner. More accurate positioning in the real world (e.g., combining satellite positioning and accelerometer data) would allow the technology to be more effective for near-collinear head-on and rear-end crashes, because the low approach angles that are common in such crashes are currently ignored in order to minimize false alarms due to positioning uncertainty.