护理人员的体质状况以及开展健身活动现状

护理人员体质状况、健身活动的内容和重要性以及护理人员开展健身活动的现状进行了综述，并就健身活动对护士身心健康的影响进行了展望，从而帮助护理人员向病人提供高质量均服务。     

护理人员参加健身活动的现状调查

目的 了解护理人员参与健身活动的现状和影响因素,为护理人员更好的开展健身活动提供理论依据.方法 参考大量文献,采用自行设计的问卷对500例护士进行问卷调查.结果 护理人员健身活动意识不强,参加健身活动人数和次数还不够多,缺少对体育锻炼科学性、系统性的指导,且缺乏对体育基本知识的了解.结论 护理人员参加健身活动的状况应值得关注,建议相关部门要采取积极措施鼓励护理人员参加健身活动,以提高护士身体素质,从而更好地为帮助患者恢复和维护促进健康.     

健身活动对老年人心理健康影响的调查

目的 探讨健身活动对老年人心理健康的影响.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估63名长期坚持健身活动的老年人,并与77名不参加健身活动的老年人进行比较分析.结果 锻炼组老年人的SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性项目数、心理问题检出率以及强迫、敌对、偏执三个因子分得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义.结论 长期参加健身活动的老年人整体心理健康水平优于对照组,参加健身活动有利于提高老年人的心理健康水平.     

健身活动对老年人心理健康影响的调查

目的 探讨健身活动对老年人心理健康的影响.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估63名长期坚持健身活动的老年人,并与77名不参加健身活动的老年人进行比较分析.结果 锻炼组老年人的SCL-90总分、总均分、阳性项目数、心理问题检出率以及强迫、敌对、偏执三个因子分得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义.结论 长期参加健身活动的老年人整体心理健康水平优于对照组,参加健身活动有利于提高老年人的心理健康水平.     

护理人员在抗震救灾中应具备的素质探讨

在汶川抗震救灾医疗任务中,我院医疗队第一时间赶往灾区,迅速展开救治,在伤病员救治过程及灾后重建阶段,护理人员发挥了非常重要的作用。现就护理人员在抗震救灾中应具备的素质进行探讨。     

健身运动处方的制定

健身运动处方是针对个人的身体状况而采用的一种科学的、定量化的体育锻炼方法。对健身运动处方的定义、健身运动处方的制定与实施、确定运动强度的方法进行了初步探讨，试图为全民健身活动探求一种科学的健身方法。     

护理人员流失的相关问题讨论

我国市场经济的发展引发了医疗市场的巨大变革，使护理人员面对新的挑战，以及护理人员流失的问题日益突出。本文就这些问题进行了分析并提出了相应的对策。     

龙湖区乡镇区护理人员继续教育情况调查

目的探索实施乡镇区护理人员继续教育的有效途径。方法采用自行设计的问卷调查法,对乡镇区五所医院210名护理人员的继续教育进行问卷调查。结果2004~2006年区内5所医疗机构护理人员继续教育学分基本达标,教育方式主要为院内学习、培训班、学历教育、订阅杂志等。受环境及条件的制约,乡镇护理人员的继续教育学习仍有差距。结论护理人员的继续教育势在必行,只要管理者重视,提供多渠道的学习途径,护士主动提高学习的积极性,基层护理人员的继续教育就能沿着健康轨道发展。     

某三级甲等医院护理人员等级划分的研究

目的：对某三级甲等医院的护理人员进行等级划分。方法：采用Delphl法对某三级甲等医院15名护理管理人员就护理人员等级划分相关问题进行咨询。结果：经过二轮专家咨询，得到较高的条目合理性权重和专家意见协调程度；制定出详细的护理人员等级划分体系。结论：通过能级匹配的原则对护理人员进行等级划分，可以实现患者的护理服务资源供给公平化，确保患者的安全，同时也能保护护理人员自身的利益不受侵犯。     

护理人员针刺伤的危险因素及防护对策

针刺伤是导致护理人员发生血源性传播疾病最危险的传播途径之一,国内外对护理人员针刺伤研究的主要热点包括:针刺伤对护理人员的危害、针刺伤的发生率、发生原因及环节等.国内研究显示护理人员针刺伤的发生率高于国外,严重威胁着医护人员的身心健康.为了使护理人员对针刺伤的情况有比较全面的了解,以便更加重视和防护,本文就发生针刺伤的现状、危险因素以及防护措施的处理进行了综述.     

The importance of physical activity and health for physical therapy

Background: The aims of physical therapy are to develop, maintain, and restore optimal movement and functional ability throughout the lifespan for individuals and populations. Physical activity is a key concept within physical therapy.

Objectives: To describe concepts of importance, dose–response relationship between physical activity and health, the scientific background for health-enhancing recommendations, and the measurements for assessing physical activity.

Major findings: There is strong evidence for an inverse and curve–linear relationship between physical activity dose, all-cause mortality and chronic disease prevention. The effects of physical activity for disease treatment are also clear. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of studies determining the dose–response relationship between physical activity and health in relation to disease. Physical activity recommendations are based on current knowledge regarding the dose–response relationship between physical activity and health and are set at an approximate 30% risk reduction for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. In order to recommend an optimal physical activity dose, evaluate interventions as well as establish the prevalence of physical activity in the population, it is necessary that physical activity is measured in a reliable and valid way.

Conclusions: People with chronic disease or functional limitations are at great risk of being insufficiently active and are therefore in need of physical therapy interventions and support to enhance or maintain their physical activity level. The health benefits of increasing physical activity level among the physically inactive or those active at a very low level are potentially greater than those achieved by increasing activity level among already active individuals.     

Impact of role stress on physical therapists' emotional and physical well-being

This study examined the relationship between role stress and the physical and emotional well-being of 187 physical therapists practicing in the state of Missouri. Data collected via survey research established a significant relationship between role conflict (conflict between organizational demands and personal and professional values) and emotional exhaustion (r = .50) and between role conflict and somatic and job-induced tension (r = .43 and r = .44, respectively). Role ambiguity created by an uncertain organizational climate was related significantly to emotional exhaustion (r = .26) and to somatic and job-induced tension (r = .21 and r = .29, respectively). Perceived improper allocation of time, inadequate staff or resources, and receipt of incompatible demands were identified as significant role stressors and predictors of diminished emotional and physical well-being. Physical therapy directors and individual therapists should work within their organizations to reduce role stress and its detrimental effects, to align professional and organizational values, and to maintain personal and professional standards.     

Proprietary physical therapy service in entry-level physical therapy curricula

The purposes of this study were to 1) assess the value of including an expanded business administration unit that would include proprietary practice issues in an entry-level physical therapy curriculum and 2) organize topics by priority that could be included in such a unit. Twenty-seven physical therapists (100%) in private practice in Montana responded to the questionnaire. Ninety-three percent of the respondents stated that such an expansion would be valuable in the entry-level physical therapy curriculum. Topics of greatest priority were 1) Self-analysis of Resources, 2) Reimbursement, and 3) Contracting Services and Referral Sources. Topics of least priority were 1) City and State Tax and Licensure Requirements, 2) Computers and Computer Programs, and 3) Insurance Planning. Further research and development are needed to formulate methods and objectives for such an expansion.     

Healing of physical wounds

The sequence of events in the process of wound healing follows a predictable pattern when all components to support the process are present. Healing cannot be accelerated beyond its normal time span; however, there are factors that may negatively influence the rate of wound healing. Among these are malnutrition, infection, trauma, and concomitant medical diagnoses. Nursing functions required when there is an infection complicating the healing process or when wounds have had a surgical repair are usually determined by the physician's plan of care. Correction of malnourished states, control of diabetes, and improvement of anemia and subsequent tissue perfusion contribute to optimal states for wound healing to occur. Independent nursing functions regarding wound management include vigilance, protection from intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may impede healing, and support of those factors that promote optimum environment for the healing to occur.     

Acceptance of physical therapist assistant course work by programs preparing physical therapists

I developed and sent a questionnaire to the directors of entry-level physical therapy programs to determine if course work taken in an associate degree program could be credited toward requirements leading to a higher degree or certificate in physical therapy. I sent 86 questionnaires; 45 were returned. Results of the survey revealed that basic science courses taken by the physical therapist assistant (PTA) students are more likely to be credited (up to half of the respondents replied positively) toward a higher degree or certificate than are technical courses like therapeutic exercise, fundamentals of physical therapy, or physical modalities. Moreover, as many as 79 percent of the respondents reported that PTAs would not be granted transfer credit for their technical courses. Of those respondents whose programs do give credit for the technical courses, the courses are usually considered as elective hours. Although the concept of upward mobility appears to remain viable in the educational philosophy of the American Physical Therapy Association, students who view the associate degree program as an entry point into a physical therapy program must be aware of the problems of acceptance of PTA credits in an entry-level physical therapy program.     

Decision-making ability of physical therapists: physical therapy intervention or medical referral

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Opponents of direct access to physical therapy argue that physical therapists may overlook serious medical conditions. More information is needed to determine the ability of physical therapists to practice safely in direct-access environments. The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of physical therapists to make decisions about the management of patients in a direct-access environment. SUBJECTS: Of a random sample of 1,000 members of the Private Practice Section of the American Physical Therapy Association, 394 participated. METHODS: A survey included 12 hypothetical case scenarios. For each case, participants determined whether they would provide intervention without referral, provide intervention and refer, or refer before intervention. The percentage of correct decisions for each group of scenarios was calculated for each participant, and participants were classified as having made correct decisions for 100% of cases or less for each group. Three sets of logistic regressions were completed to determine the characteristics of the participants in relation to the decision category. RESULTS: The average percentages of correct decisions were 87%, 88%, and 79% for musculoskeletal, noncritical medical, and critical medical conditions, respectively. Of all participants, approximately 50% made correct decisions for all cases within each group. The odds of making 100% correct decisions if a physical therapist had an orthopedic specialization were 2.23 (95% confidence interval=1.35-3.71) for musculoskeletal conditions and 1.89 (95% confidence interval=1.14-3.15) for critical medical conditions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Physical therapists with an orthopedic specialization were almost twice as likely to make correct decisions for critical medical and musculoskeletal conditions.