Crystallographic autostereograms.

Perspective drawings of crystal structures can be presented as autostereograms (or single-image stereograms), and their performance for in-depth perception is similar or even more advantageous than of stereopairs. The autostereograms offer a convenient means for realistic insight into crystal structures without excessive size reduction of their drawings, as required when preparing stereopairs; thus structures either as simple as elements or as complex as proteins can be illustrated in enhanced resolution. The mathematical background and guidelines for preparing crystallographic autostereograms are described.     

基于MATLAB的分析化学M函数库的开发

以分析化学中的两个典型计算和绘图问题:以各种复杂水溶液体系pH值计算和弱酸型体分布曲线图形绘制为例,详细介绍建立用于分析化学的MATLAB的M函数库思路和M函数的程序编写过程。给出了适合从一元强酸、强碱到三元弱酸、弱碱等复杂水溶液pH计算的库函数和适合一、二、三及六元酸等弱酸型体分布曲线的绘图函数。经过典型算例证明:以上计算pH的函数库和弱酸型体分布曲线绘图函数简单实用、计算过程优化、效率高、数值稳定性好。可广泛用于分析化学及相关学科的教学和科研,具有重要意义。     

基于邻接关系的空间聚类算法研究

聚类指的是把数据库里的对象分组成有意义的子集,使得一个聚类内的成员尽可能相似,而不同聚类间的成员差异尽可能大。空闻对象的主要特性受其邻接对象的影响,并且随着距离的增加或减少,影响作用也相应地增加或减少。论文针对相邻空间对象的特性总是相似或相关联的特点,以邻接关系为基础对空间聚类算法进行了分析与研究。     

AN EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF INTEREST POINT DETECTORS

Image interest point extraction and matching across images is a commonplace task in computer vision–based applications, across widely diverse domains, such as 3D reconstruction, augmented reality, or tracking. We present an empirical evaluation of state-of-the-art interest point detection algorithms measuring several parameters, such as efficiency, robustness to image domain geometric transformations—that is, similarity—affine or projective transformations, as well as invariance to photometric transformations such as light intensity or image noise.     

车载广告机OSD系统的设计与实现

为了给用户提供良好的界面和即时信息,同时也可以提供一些相关的信息或者背景知识等等,有必要在车载广告机系统中当屏显示相关的文本或者静态图片。本文主要研究了OSD和显示静态图像的实现方法。     

Bayesian clustering for unsupervised estimation of surface andtexture models

A method of calculating the maximum-likelihood clustering for the unsupervised estimation of polynomial models for the data in images of smooth surfaces or for range data for such surfaces is presented. An image or a depth map of a region of smooth 3-D surface is modeled as a polynomial plus white noise. A region of physically meaningful textured-image such as the image of foliage, grass, or road in outdoor scenes or conductor or lintburn on a thick-film substrate is modeled as a colored Gaussian-Markov random field (MRF) with a polynomial mean-value function. Unsupervised-model parameter-estimation is accomplished by determining the segmentation and model parameter values that maximize the likelihood of the data or a more general Bayesian performance functional. Agglomerative clustering is used for this purpose     

Systant: A New Name for an Old Role

The first time they are confronted with a system feature they cannot understand, novice users learn that no software package or computer, no matter how user friendly, is as helpful or understanding as a knowledgeable person. Users will find such a person—a good-natured systems analyst or programmer perhaps —or they will stop using the troublesome feature.     

A versatile two-dimensional mesh generator with automatic bandwidth reduction

A relatively-straightforward mesh generation program based on isoparametric mapping concepts is presented. User-defined isoparametric superelements are subdivided, as specified by the user, into 3-noded or 6-noded triangular elements or into 4-noded or 8-noded isoparametric quadrilaterals. Temperatures and thicknesses (or any other characteristics) at the superelement nodes are mapped so as to provide the appropriate nodal values for the subelements. Material specification codes from parent superelements are also transferred as subelement characteristics. An automatic node renumbering scheme is included to minimize the nodal connectivity of the generated mesh.     

A unifying model involving a categorical and/or dimensional reduction for multimode data

A unifying model is presented that implies a categorical and/or dimensional reduction of one or several modes of a multiway data set. The model encompasses a broad range of (existing as well as to be developed) discrete, continuous, as well as hybrid discrete-continuous reduction models as special cases, which all imply a decomposition of the reconstructed data on the basis of quantifications of the different data modes and a linking array. An analysis of the objective or loss function associated with the model leads to two generic algorithmic strategies, the possibilities and limitations of which are the object of a subsequent discussion.     

Do you know what your license allows?

Before you push a key to load a program and display it on your monitor, ask yourself this question: “Do I have the power to use this program?” Using software requires power-not physical or electrical power-but the legal power of authorized use. If you are not the program's author or owner, you can only obtain this power through a license-a legal document that states your rights regarding use of the program. This may include the right to use or operate the program as an end user; modify the program through deletions, additions or enhancements as a value-added reseller or original equipment manufacturer; or transfer the program to another as an aggregator, distributor or retailer. If you do not have the appropriate legal power, then your conduct is illegal. If you know that you do not have the appropriate legal power, then your conduct, which amounts to software piracy, is criminal     

Component metamodel synthesis for the construction of master response surfaces

Response surfaces or metamodels have long been used as cost effective surrogates for complex numerical simulations or as analytical representations of experimental data. In standard practice, a single analytical model is used within a simulation or fit to experimental data. In reality, several different models may be appropriate for consideration. A new method is presented for combining a set of alternative metamodels into a single master response surface or Super-Metamodel (SM) that is valid over all of input parameter space. The SM is formed as a linear combination of competing component metamodels where each model is weighted by its predicted probability.     

软件漏洞起因的分类研究

软件漏洞是发生安全事件的根源，当软件漏洞被利用时，会造成严重的后果。对CERT或者SANS公布的漏洞进行的分析表明：许多漏洞都归因于软件开发人员反复地犯同一类错误。该文对软件漏洞的起因进行分类，应用领域包括：开发人员的使用指南（以避免犯共性的错误），软件工程专业学生的教学素材，以及软件测试人员或审计人员的“项目核查清单”。     

Changing the Publishing Model

The publishing industry is experiencing major social changes. Time magazine and The Los Angeles Times, to name just two publications, have highlighted these changes as characterized by a public that has developed both a preference for receiving information online and an expectation that this content be available for free. For information creators and providers such as the IEEE Computer Society (CS), how or why these shifts have occurred or whether they're good or bad phenomena are debates that have become irrelevant to their consequences. Newspapers as we've known them for centuries appear to be on the verge of disappearing or perhaps transforming into something very different.     

Single Sign-on and Security in a Client/Server Environment

For years, the mainstay of corporate computing has been the centralized mainframe—a behemoth caged in a climate-controlled glass house. In most cases, this mainframe is an IBM or IBM-compatible computer running the MVS operating system and operating as either a standalone system or as part of a limited, proprietary network of mainframes within the same organization.

Security on these mainframe systems has improved over time, as management has come to understand its importance and as vendors have developed and marketed access control software that is both effective and easy to use. For example, most of these systems operate with one of the major access control packages (IBM's RACF or Computer Associates' CA=ACF2 or CA=Top Secret).     

Working in a moving environment

The present paper provides a review of research and theories concerning the question of how and why working in a moving environment may affect performance. It is argued that performance decrements can be expected to occur as a result of general factors or as a result of specific impairments of particular human skills. General effects happen when environmental motion, simulated or real, reduces motivation (due to motion sickness), increases fatigue (due to increased energy requirements), or creates balance problems. Specific effects of moving environments on task performance may only be expected through biomechanical influences on particular skills such as perception (interference with oculomotor control) or motor skills (such as manual tracking). There is no evidence for direct effects of motion on performance in purely cognitive tasks.     

基于PLC和HMI的粉丝挂杆控制系统设计

粉丝挂杆自动控制系统改变了传统的制约粉丝生产效率和质量的手工操作工序，改变了粉丝挂杆和粉丝冷冻相分离的生产状况，实现了该工序的自动化生产以及和下道工序的连续化生产。在对粉丝挂杆机系统的结构及控制原理进行分析的基础上，详细阐述了该控制系统基于PLC和触摸式HMI硬件和软件的设计，显著提高了产品内在品质，劳动强度降低，生产效率提高，有较高实用和推广价值。     

Realism, idealization, and potential negative impact of 3D virtual relationships

One hundred and ninety-nine participants, each of whom was currently involved in an intimate relationship within the 3D virtual world of Second Life, completed measures assessing whether they (1) viewed their 3D virtual relationship as an exercise in fantasy or one that had a quality of realism, and (2) perceived the personality characteristics of their 3D partner in more positive or idealized terms than a current or recent real life partner. Additionally, 71 of the 199 participants (36%) who were concurrently involved in a real life romantic relationship as well as their Second Life relationship provided data regarding the potential negative impact of Second Life relationships on co-occurring real life relationships. Results indicated that (1) the majority of participants viewed their Second Life relationships as real rather than as a form of game-playing, (2) participants generally reported more positive or idealized personality traits for their Second Life partners compared to their real life partners, and (3) a portion of participants in co-occurring Second Life and real life relationships indicated that their virtual relationship served as an emotional competitor or potential threat to their real life relationship, with the potential for detrimental effects rising as the couple progressively adds non-immersive digital and physical channels of communication to the original 3D relationship.     

Adaptive inverse halftoning for scanned document images through multiresolution and multiscale analysis

This paper describes an efficient algorithm for inverse halftoning of scanned document images to resolve problems with interference patterns such as moiré and graininess when the images are displayed or printed out. The algorithm is suitable for software implementation and useful for high quality printing or display of scanned document images delivered via networks from unknown scanners. A multi-resolution approach is used to achieve practical processing speed under software implementation. Through data-driven, adaptive, multi-scale processing, the algorithm can cope with a variety of input devices and requires no information on the halftoning method or properties (such as coefficients in dither matrices, filter coefficients of error diffusion kernels, screen angles, or dot frequencies). Effectiveness of the new algorithm is demonstrated through real examples of scanned document images, as well as quantitative evaluations with synthetic data.     

Parallel force measurement with a polymeric microbeam array using an optical microscope and micromanipulator

An image analysis method and its validation are presented for tracking the displacements of parallel mechanical force sensors. Force is measured using a combination of beam theory, optical microscopy, and image analysis. The primary instrument is a calibrated polymeric microbeam array mounted on a micromanipulator with the intended purpose of measuring traction forces on cell cultures or cell arrays. One application is the testing of hypotheses involving cellular mechanotransduction mechanisms. An Otsu-based image analysis code calculates displacement and force on cellular or other soft structures by using edge detection and image subtraction on digitally captured optical microscopy images. Forces as small as 250+/-50 nN and as great as 25+/-2.5 microN may be applied and measured upon as few as one or as many as hundreds of structures in parallel. A validation of the method is provided by comparing results from a rigid glass surface and a compliant polymeric surface.