膨胀尾管悬挂器膨胀力有限元计算与试验研究

膨胀尾管悬挂器通过膨胀锥在本体内运动使其发生径向变形,依靠变形后本体与上层套管间的摩擦力,使膨胀悬挂器固定于上层套管实现尾管坐挂功能。膨胀力是膨胀锥驱动本体变形的关键、也是膨胀尾管悬挂器设计、现场施工的重要参数。采用LS-DYNA对影响膨胀力的多种因素进行研究,得到膨胀锥角、膨胀锥与本体间摩擦、膨胀本体结构对膨胀力的影响规律,并通过膨胀试验、金相观察进行验证分析。数据表明该方法能够较为准确的计算本体膨胀所需要的膨胀力及膨胀变形过程中本体的应力、应变。     

膨胀悬挂器力学性能分析及试验研究

采用解析方法、有限元方法对影响悬挂器膨胀力的关键技术因素进行研究,得到了膨胀锥结构、本体材料等因素对膨胀力的影响规律。针对膨胀悬挂器实际工作状态,对膨胀本体在上层套管内膨胀进行了计算与试验研究,得到膨胀力、悬挂力与本体结构的关系。试验表明所采用的计算、试验方法能够较为精确的计算本体发生塑性变形所需要的膨胀力及膨胀后形成的悬挂力,研究成果为提高膨胀尾管悬挂器性能与整体结构优化设计提供了依据。     

试件尺寸对岩石膨胀力测试值影响的研究

岩石膨胀力试验是测定膨胀岩在水环境下产生的膨胀应力,试件尺寸对膨胀力测试值具有重要影响。本文通过对不同尺寸的岩石试样在烘干状态下进行膨胀力试验,经对比分析,研究试件尺寸对岩石膨胀力试验结果的影响规律和程度。结果表明,试件高度对岩石膨胀力测试值的影响显著,岩石膨胀力测试值随着岩石试件高度的增大而增大,并呈较好的线性关系。试件高度对岩石膨胀力试验结果的影响与岩石的结构特征有关,岩石的饱和吸水率越大,岩石的孔隙率越大,密实程度越差,则试件高度对岩石膨胀力试验结果的影响越显著。试件直径对岩石膨胀力试验结果的影响不明显。试件尺寸对岩石膨胀力测试值的影响将导致试验数据无可比性,影响岩石膨胀性的判定,因此,有必要在试验方法标准、规程规范中明确试件的尺寸范围,或通过研究给出试件尺寸的修正公式。     

新型烟丝膨胀装置的设计

为降低烤烟型卷烟的焦油含量,膨胀烟丝降焦技术得到了推广。膨胀烟丝以一定比例掺兑到卷烟配方中,不仅可以降低卷烟生产成本,而且对卷烟降焦减害具有明显效果。以蒸汽为介质的烟丝膨胀技术通过使用适当的温度和压力相结合来实现烟丝的膨胀,将过热蒸汽通入到旋转的气锁密闭腔体中。主要研究膨胀装置的设计方案和强度计算。     

配对角接触球轴承初始预紧力分析

基于Hertz接触理论,分析并给出了高温、高速下定位预紧配对角接触球轴承的最小工作预紧力,以有效防止球的陀螺旋转,结合高温、高速工作中离心膨胀、工作温度及配合过盈量对轴承预紧力的影响,建立了初始预紧力及最小工作预紧力的关系,基于此关系编制计算软件,可以快速得到所需初始预紧力。     

膨胀悬挂器本体管材性能研究

要膨胀悬挂器通过膨胀金属本体与上层套管形成摩擦力悬挂尾管,本体管材的选取对悬挂器膨胀、悬挂性能参数有直接影响,为此采用有限元方法对本体膨胀过程进行计算,得到本体膨胀前后结构参数变化及膨胀力大小,并通过与膨胀试验得到的数据进行对比分析,验证了计算的可靠性。为确定本体膨胀前后强度变化,分别选取膨胀前、膨胀后样块进行拉伸试验,得到材料屈服、抗拉强度。数据表明的所选用的管材在膨胀后屈服强度、抗拉强度分别增大72.6%、7.94%。通过研究掌握了膨胀管材膨胀前后的力学、结构性能参数变化,为悬挂器结构设计、现场作业提供了参考依据。     

膨胀管实体膨胀锥受力分析与膨胀试验验证

膨胀管技术主要应用在油气田开发领域,膨胀锥是膨胀管技术主要工具之一,在工作时受到极大的界面应力,因此膨胀锥表面过快磨损是制约膨胀管技术发展的主要问题之一。为探究膨胀过程中膨胀锥体表面受力和应力分布,结合弹塑性理论推导膨胀锥接触应力和摩擦力计算模型,采用有限元方法模拟膨胀管膨胀过程,研究膨胀锥表面应力、接触摩擦应力和膨胀推力变化情况,并通过膨胀试验验证了有限元模拟结果的合理性。结果表明：影响膨胀锥接触应力和摩擦力的主要因素是膨胀管屈服强度和膨胀锥锥角;膨胀锥的最大等效应力集中在大径圆角处,最大摩擦应力集中在膨胀锥小径和大径处;膨胀锥膨胀区只有部分与膨胀管内壁接触,膨胀锥小径处受拉应力,大径处受压应力,最大接触压应力集中在大径处。     

制冷空调用CO2摆动活塞膨胀压缩机的设计与参数计算

CO2是制冷空调业中最有潜力的自然工质之一.为减小CO2跨临界循环系统节流部分的膨胀功损失,应该采用膨胀压缩机代替节流阀回收部分膨胀功并直接用于压缩工质,从而克服其系统运行效率较低的缺点.在综述国内、外CO2膨胀压缩机的研究现状,分析现有膨胀压缩机的技术特点的基础上,设计了膨胀腔活塞与压缩腔活塞同轴联接的摆动活塞式膨胀压缩机,并根据某一设计工况进行了具体的参数计算,对所得到的计算结果进行了一定的可行性分析.     

车门铰链倾角对车门关闭力影响的研究

汽车关闭力直接影响到整车质量的评价结果,它的好坏往往也反映了车门感知质量的优劣,而车门铰链倾角是影响关闭力的关键因素之一。在分析影响车门关闭力的各种影响因素的基础上,重点分析了铰链倾角对车门关闭力的影响。通过Adams仿真软件对各种倾角下关闭力进行仿真确定最佳倾角的参数。然后基于速度法测试车门关闭力构建物理试验平台,并且根据仿真确定参数的基础上在物理试验平台上进行试验,并最终确定车门关闭力最小时铰链倾角最佳参数值。     

基于动态空腔膨胀模型的土壤Mohr-Coulomb参数反演方法

为实现土壤原位力学参数的精准、快速解译，定量评估军事装备机动性，本文利用冲击贯入过程中测得的阻力-速度曲线、加速度时程曲线、速度时程曲线以及贯入深度-初速度关系，基于动态空腔膨胀模型建立了土壤Mohr-Coulomb参数的反演方法。本文分析表明准确拟合贯入阻力系数是反演Mohr-Coulomb参数的关键，而利用冲击贯入过程中的速度时程曲线进行拟合能够对Mohr-Coulomb参数进行准确的反演。针对Forrestal等人报道的实验结果，利用本文方法对土壤内聚力进行反演的相对误差为2.14%，对土壤内摩擦角反演的相对误差为9.77%。本文进一步给出了动态空腔膨胀模型下Mohr-Coulomb参数反演的可解域，讨论了参数敏感性。本文提出的反演方法突破了传统半经验解译方法中物理图像不清晰、经验参数依赖性强的问题，可为复杂地质环境下土壤Mohr-Coulomb参数快速确定及土壤承载力评估提供一个新的方法和途径。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...