MLD协议与PIM-SM协议实现IPv6组播

文章主要介绍IPv6组播的原理机制，当前用于实现IPv6组播的两个基本协议MLD协议与PIM—SM协议，以及MLD协议与PIM-SM协议之间的互操作。同时还详细描述了组播共享树和最短路径树的建立过程。     

IPv6组播技术的研究和实现

文章介绍IP组播的基本原理,在分析IPv6组播协议工作原理的基础上,提出基于IPv6的PIM-SM协议的实现方案。     

IPv6网络中组播路由--PIM技术研究

随着网络宽带用户和下一代互联网的发展,多媒体业务相关服务如网络电视(IPTV)需求的日益增长刺激了IP组播技术的普及和发展,使其成为新一代网络中不可缺少的关键技术.与单播应用相比,采用IP组播技术分发信息常常能从本质上减少整个网络对带宽的需求.文章从IPv6网络的各种组播技术入手,详细介绍了当前在实际网络中获得广泛应用的基于协议无关组播(PIM)的组播路由技术 ,重点介绍了域内组播路由中使用最广泛的PIM稀疏模式(PIM-SM).对整个PIM-SM组播路由协议在IPv6网络中的运行过程进行了论述,最后介绍了其在未来IPTV等网络应用中的前景.     

基于Mtrace的Ipv6组播监听的实现

针对日益增多的高带宽需求的多媒体应用，下一代互联网协议——IPv6提供了增强的组播技术。在IPv4向IPv6推进的过程中，一些IPv6环境下组播相关的问题亟待解决，其中之一就是提供用于组播管理的工具。介绍了IPv6组播相关技术，并基于Mtrace在开源的IPv6协议栈——KAME上实现了一个IPv6组播路由查找工具。     

CADP与PIM-SM协议分析

由于PIM-SM协议标准化进程还处在实验阶段,协议本身需要不断发展完善。提出PIM-SM组播系统的抽象模型,给出了协议实体的部分形式化描述,并使用CADP工具集对其进行简单验证。     

IPv6组播技术综述

综述了IPv6组播的新特性及相关协议，指出目前组播技术的研究热点，介绍了当前国内外IPv6组播标准研究、协议实现及试验网的情况。     

IPv4-IPv6组播过渡技术

要使IPv4主机与IPv6主机进行组播通信，必须做协议转换工作。采用多播转换网关（MTG）技术方案能较好地实现IPv4网和IPv6网之间的组播互通。方法是将MTG部署在lPv4和IPv6网络的边界，将IPv4网络和IPv6网络视为地位对等的两个异构网络。IPv6主机可以加入组播源位于IPv4网络的组播组，IPv4主机也可以加入组播源位于IPv6网络的组播组。在IPv4中，MTG作为IPv6的代理，参与IPv4的组播；同样，MTG在IPv6中则作为IPv4的代理。在MTG系统内部，两个代理之间进行协议转换。     

浅析移动IPv6协议及其测试技术

IPv6协议即将成为Intemet的标准,在任何协议的研究开发中,测试工作都是很重要的.移动IPv6作为IPv6协议族中非常重要的一个协议,对基本的IPv6协议运作方式有较大的改变,对它的一致性测试和互操作性测试将有助于协议的完善.本文在介绍移动IPv6协议的基础上,分析了移动IPv6协议的测试方法、测试技术和研究方向.     

局域网中的IPv6

文章分析了IPv6实施以后,局域网中几个重要协议的变化,包括手工配置IPv6地址和自动配置IPv6地址的协议,组播应用的增多和组播协议的改进,邻居发现协议取代ARP解析地址的过程。Internet可以看成是用路由器连接起来的多个局域网的网络,终端用户使用IPv6,最先的体验也可能是在局域网中。     

CISCO路由器中PIM-SM的启用和验证

随着宽带技术的不断发展,带宽需求的急剧增加,如果采用传统的单播发送,服务器负担沉重,投资巨大,而且不能保证服务质量。为保证工作组之间能相互方便、快捷地传递信息,引进了IP组播的概念。组播业务作为未来最具潜力的业务之一,得到了前所未有的重视。本论文针对PIM-SM协议进行了重点研究和分析,并在CISCO路由器上启用PIM-SM。     

Arranging multicast forwarding table in class sequence in ternary-cam for line-speed lookup

PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode) is a main multicast routing protocol in the IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6). It can use either a shared tree or a shortest path tree to deliver data packets, consequently the multicast IP lookup engine requires, in some cases, two searches to get a correct lookup result according to its multicast forwarding rule, and it may result in a new requirement of doubling the lookup speed of the lookup engine. The ordinary method to satisfy this requirement in TCAM (Ternary Content Addressable Memory) based lookup engines is to exploit parallelism among multiple TCAMs. However, traditional parallel methods always induce more resources and higher design difficulty. We propose in this paper a novel approach to solve this problem. By arranging multicast forwarding table in class sequence in TCAM and making full use of the intrinsic characteristic of the TCAM, our approach can get the right lookup result with just one search and a single TCAM, while keeping the hardware of lookup engine unchanged. Experimental results have shown that the approach make it possible to satisfy forwarding IPv6 multicast packets at the full link rate of 20 Gb/s with just one TCAM with the current TCAM chip.     

PIMac: Multicast Access Control Implementation in PIM-SM

In this paper, we present an access control scheme for PIM-SM multicast domain. In order to avoid the overhead of digital signature algorithm, the proposed solution makes use of the Rendezvous Point to collect keys and implement a distributed shared-key based multicast access control system. As it supplies efficient host access control in PIM-SM domain, we name this scheme PIMac. Compared with the existing multicast admission control solutions, PIMac has following advantages: (1) support both receiver and sender access control; (2) realize host exclusion based on expire time; (3) compatibility with current PIM-SM protocol; (4) lower join latency; (5) anti-replay and DoS robustness; last but not least, (6) PIMac architecture is divided into two separated domains: AAA domain and multicast routing domain, entities in each domain do not rely on PKI interoperability or common secret to authenticate each other. The experimental results show that PIMac achieves flexible manageability and improves the performance of multicast access control systems effectively.     

嵌入式IPv6网络视频终端

介绍了以Intel XScale处理器PXA270为核心的嵌入式系统平台,分析了IPv6组播与流媒体协议原理,移植了对IPv6有良好支持的Linux操作系统及Qtopia嵌入式图形系统.在此基础上,针对上述嵌入式系统移植和优化开放源代码的优秀媒体播放器MPlayer,实现了支持IPv6组播与流媒体传输的嵌入式IPv6网络视频终端.随后对该视频终端的媒体播放性能进行了测试与分析,并搭建了移动IPv6试验床,通过与IPv6网络流媒体服务器联机验证了视频终端功能.     

The Performance Analysis of the Multicast Extension Support for Proxy MIPv6

Mobile multicast is based on the traditional multicast protocols and the mobility support protocols to provide the multicast services for the mobile subscribers. Several mobile multicast methods were proposed in the past few years, but most of them are based on Mobile IPv6 and its variants which require the mobile node to support the mobility function. Recently, Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) was proposed to provide the mobility support for the mobile node with or without mobility function, and the previous studies have shown that PMIPv6 can improve the performance in term of the handover performance and protocol cost. However, PMIPv6 mainly concerns on the mobility support for unicast routing and little considers the multicast routing. In this paper, we propose two multicast methods called the MAG (Mobile Access Gateway)-based method and LMA (Local Mobility Anchor)-based method based on the different multicast delivery transmission path to extend PMIPv6, and analyze their performance under the different scenarios. The analytical results show that the LMA-based method is suitable for the higher speed, bigger domain size, and larger network topology scenarios, whereas the MAG-based method is suitable for the lower speed, smaller domain size and smaller network topology scenarios.     

Fast Handover Mechanism for Seamless Multicasting Services in Mobile IPv6 Wireless Networks

This paper proposes a fast handover mechanism to provide a seamless multicast service for Mobile IPv6 hosts. With the proposed Fast handover based on a Mobile IP-Multi casting (FMIP-M) protocol, the selection of a new multicast service method, service preparation, and initialization procedures are all performed during the fast handover period, thereby enabling a reliable and efficient multicast service. When mobile hosts move to other networks, they can encounter data loss, out-of-synch problems for multicast data, and multicast service exchange latency. Therefore, the proposed FMIP-M allows the new access router to select a suitable multicast service method according to the multicast service-related network conditions and supports a reliable multicast transmission by compensating for data losses from the previous access router. An analysis is conducted of the overheads associated with a fast multicast handover, including the signaling cost and multicast packet-forwarding cost, where the costs are formulated based on timing diagrams, and compared with a fast handover using Mobile IPv6. The performance analysis and numerical results confirm that the proposed FMIP-M provides a fast multicast handover and reliable service with a relatively small signaling cost and packet-delivery cost.     

Mobile IPv6-based ad hoc networks: its development and application

The Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6)-enabled network architecture has recently attracted much attention. In this paper, we address the issue of connecting mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) to global IPv6 networks, while supporting IPv6 mobility. Specifically, we propose a self-organizing, self-addressing, self-routing IPv6-enabled MANET infrastructure, referred to as IPv6-based MANET. The proposed self-organization addressing protocol automatically organizes nodes into tree architecture and configures their global IPv6 addresses. Novel unicast and multicast routing protocols, based on longest prefix matching and soft state routing cache, are specially designed for the IPv6-based MANET. Mobile IPv6 is also supported such that a mobile node can move from one MANET to another. Moreover, a peer-to-peer (P2P) information sharing system is also designed over the proposed IPv6-based MANET. We have implemented a prototyping system to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the IPv6-based MANET and the P2P information sharing system. Simulations are also conducted to show the efficiency of the proposed routing protocols.     

IP mobile multicast: Challenges and solutions

This article outlines the challenges of IP multicast over Mobile IP. Then it provides a comprehensive overview of existing multicast solutions to handle mobile sources and receivers in both the Mobile IPv4 and the Mobile IPv6 environments. The solutions are classified into different classes in light of how the network infrastructure is used and the nature of the multicast members (receivers or sources). For each solution, we present a brief overview; we describe the architecture and the proposed protocol; we discuss the advantages and the limitations; and we compare qualitatively all the solutions of each class based on common criteria such as optimal routing, join latency, handover transparency, etc.