考虑作动器动力学的半车主动互联悬架抗侧倾控制研究

为提高车辆的侧倾稳定性及抗侧翻能力,开展了考虑液压作动器动力学特性的主动互联悬架控制研究。首先建立了主动液压互联悬架动力学模型及液体连续方程,然后以车身侧倾角为控制目标,采用backstepping非线性控制方法完成了抗侧倾控制器设计及其稳定性分析,通过构造控制目标跟踪函数使控制系统平稳过渡并追踪期望的侧倾角度。角阶跃转向工况抗侧倾模拟分析表明:所设计的控制系统能使车身侧倾角跟踪期望的角度值,有效控制车身侧倾姿态,降低载荷转移率,提高抗侧倾性能及侧翻极限;同时,主动互联抗侧倾控制还能有效改善悬架动挠度及车轮动载,综合提升车辆性能。     

Study on the rollover control weight of vehicle chassis key subsystems

针对汽车底盘关键子系统对侧翻运动影响能力及有效作用区域的差异,综合考虑了车辆运动耦合及轮胎力耦合因素,建立了包含悬架、制动和转向系统的11自由度整车侧翻动力学模型.以主动前轮转向、独立制动及主动悬架等底盘典型控制系统为对象,以系统的控制输入为分析变量,选取各系统对车体产生的侧倾修正力矩为权重评价依据,定量地研究了其对侧翻控制的功能权重及有效作用范围.结果表明,这三个控制子系统都可以在不同程度上有效地控制侧翻运动.分析明确了各系统工作的有效工作区域和控制权重,为车辆侧翻控制策略的制定提供了依据.     

面向性能需求的动态调节消扭悬架参数匹配与动力学研究

为协调越野车辆抗侧倾性能和通过性能,研究一种新型动态调节消扭悬架系统(DTS)。该系统可提高车辆抗侧倾能力,消除车身的扭转,增强车轮接地性,提高越野性能和安全性。在阐述DTS系统结构和原理的基础上,利用MATLAB建立该系统的动力学模型以及整车14自由度动力学模型;同时提出一种新的悬架参数匹配方法:面向抗侧倾性能和消扭性能需求匹配DTS系统的关键参数;设计蛇形试验、前轮角阶跃输入试验和扭曲路面工况研究装有DTS系统的车辆的动力学性能,并验证参数合理性。结果表明:应用面向性能需求的匹配方法能有效平衡车辆相关性能;该悬架系统能有效减少车辆侧倾角以及消除车身扭转载荷,对车辆越野性和舒适性有一定改善,并且在车辆转向时能增大其不足转向度,提高车辆安全性。     

应用惯容器提升液压互联悬架性能的研究

为进一步改善车辆抗侧倾和抗俯仰的综合性能,将惯容器应用到液压互联悬架中,设计一种含有惯容器的液压互联惯容悬架。建立整车机械-液压耦合动力学模型,应用AMESim搭建模型对车辆抗侧倾与抗俯仰能力以及悬架系统关键参数对车辆性能的影响进行仿真分析。通过仿真分析得：相较于横向稳定杆和普通液压互联悬架,液压互联惯容悬架能够明显提高车辆的抗俯仰和抗侧倾能力,改善车辆操纵稳定性和安全性。液压系统各关键参数对车辆的侧向加速度无明显影响。系统初始油压、马达排量和飞轮转动惯量与车身侧倾角呈负相关,蓄能器初始气体体积与车身侧倾角呈正相关。     

应用惯容器提升液压互联悬架性能的研究

为进一步改善车辆抗侧倾和抗俯仰的综合性能,将惯容器应用到液压互联悬架中,设计一种含有惯容器的液压互联惯容悬架。建立整车机械-液压耦合动力学模型,应用AMESim搭建模型对车辆抗侧倾与抗俯仰能力以及悬架系统关键参数对车辆性能的影响进行仿真分析。通过仿真分析得：相较于横向稳定杆和普通液压互联悬架,液压互联惯容悬架能够明显提高车辆的抗俯仰和抗侧倾能力,改善车辆操纵稳定性和安全性。液压系统各关键参数对车辆的侧向加速度无明显影响。系统初始油压、马达排量和飞轮转动惯量与车身侧倾角呈负相关,蓄能器初始气体体积与车身侧倾角呈正相关。     

刚柔耦合稳定杆模型对悬架侧倾刚度影响分析

为了准确分析车辆的侧倾稳定性能,通过HyperMesh和ADAMS/Car联合仿真,建立非线性梁稳定杆子系统模型和柔性体稳定杆子系统模型。对搭建两种不同子系统模型的悬架系统,进行双轮反向激振试验。结果表明:装配有刚柔耦合的柔性体稳定杆子模型的悬架系统,在ADAMS仿真分析中,仿真数据更接近实车性能,说明刚柔耦合稳定杆模型更能准确反映车辆悬架的侧倾刚度;同时,在一定范围内提高稳定杆衬套的径向刚度,对提升悬架系统侧倾刚度有明显效果。     

浅析汽车底盘协调控制的优化设计

汽车底盘子系统的局部功能可以通过电子控制技术来改善,例如ABS、TCS、ASS、4WS等。为了使汽车各个系统协调配合,达成整个底盘系统的集成化控制,减轻装车成本。本文运用了多体理论构建电动助力转向系统,主动悬架系统模型和底盘动力学模型。依据汽车运行时悬架、转向和制动系统之间的耦合,主要对中央差速器进行了设计,协调控制各个子系统。结果表明:电子控制系统主动干预车辆的纵向、横向以及垂向动力学特性,提高了汽车的稳定性和操纵性,保证汽车的安全驾驶。     

基于混合田口遗传算法的磁流变半主动悬架模糊控制

针对磁流变悬架的非线性以及动力学模型的不确定性,提出一种基于混合田口遗传算法的磁流变半主动悬架整车模糊控制策略。首先建立了基于磁流变减振器的整车动力学模型,并将车辆的振动控制分解垂向振动、俯仰、侧倾三个基本任务设计模糊控制器,进而设计了隶属函数和模糊控制规则;接着引入混合田口遗传算法实现对模糊控制器的隶属函数和模糊控制规则同时优化;最后进行实车道路试验来验证控制策略的有效性。试验结果表明,基于混合田口遗传算法的模糊控制能够降低确定路面激励下车身加速度峰峰值,降低随机路面激励下的加速度均方根值,显著提高车辆的平顺性,其控制效果要优于优化前的模糊控制策略。     

高度可调式抗侧倾液压互联悬架建模及控制策略研究

针对被动液压互联悬架不能主动适应路况变化,提出一种能够调节车身高度的液压互联悬架系统。通过优化系统参数,使装有液压互联悬架车辆的垂向刚度基本和原车一致;采用分层控制理论进行车身高度调节的切换控制策略研究;基于Car Sim、AMESim和Matlab/Simulink三个平台,搭建包含整车多体动力学模型和控制模型的联合仿真系统,并对切换过程、平顺性和操纵稳定性进行仿真分析。结果表明,该系统能够在不降低车辆平顺性的前提下,实现车身高度的按需调节,同时提高车辆的操纵稳定性。     

基于AHP的车辆主动悬架LQG控制器设计

基于层次分析法（AHP）设计了一种能够降低车身加速度（BA）、悬架动行程（SWS）和轮胎动位移（DTD）的车辆主动悬架线性最优（LQG）控制器。首先建立了2自由度1/4车辆主被动悬架动力学模型;然后采用AHP确定了悬架各性能评价指标的加权系数并利用最优控制理论设计了车辆主动悬架控制器;最后在Matlab/Simulink环境下进行了仿真分析。对仿真结果进行对比后表明：在特定工况下通过对加权系数的合理选取,BA、SWS和DTD比被动悬架分别减小了18.73%、22.22%和4.76%,且主动控制力的均方根值为535.3994N。     

Stress analysis of a strip with a step and a crack

Stress analysis for a strip of which widths are different at the right and left handsides is carried out for before and after occurrence of a crack at a corner of a step. The strip is analyzed as a thin plate bending problem subject to transverse bending and torsion, and as a plane eleastic problem subject to bending in the plane and uniaxial tension. The rational mapping function of a sum of fractional expressions and complex variable method are used. Stress distribution and stress intensity factors are obtained.     

Interaction between a liquid and a cylindrical body touching a wall

An exact solution is obtained for the problem of interaction between the ideal liquid homogeneously moving at infinity and streamlining a round cylinder touching a solid wall.     

Calculation of a transient in a two-pole network with a thermistor

An analytical expression is derived which describes the variation of the thermistor temperature during a relay-effect transient process following an instantaneous change in the supply voltage in an R — R_T two-pole network.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 465–472, March, 1980.     

Influence lines for bending under a ring load of a free shell,a shell embedded in a soft medium and a shell containing a soft core

Summary Theoretical expressions for stresses and displacements have been derived for bending under a ring load of a free shell, a shell embedded in a soft medium, and a shell containing a soft core. Numerical work has been done for typical cases with anElliot 803 Digital Computer and influence lines are drawn therefrom.

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Einflußlinien für die Biegung einer freien Schale, einer Schale in einer weichen Bettung und einer Schale mit weichem Kern

Zusammenfassung Für die Biegung einer freien Schale, einer weich gebetteten Schale und einer Schale mit weichem Kern unter einer Ringlast werden Ausdrücke für die Spannungen und Verschiebungen hergeleitet. Die Ergebnisse wurden für einige typische Fälle mit einem DigitalrechnerElliot 803 numerisch ausgewertet. Die sich ergebenden Einflußlinien wurden graphisch dargestellt.

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Nomenclature A (),B () Functions of - a, t Mean radius and thickness of the shell - E _S , _S Young's modulus andPoisson's ratio of the shell - G _c , _c Shear modulus andPoisson's ratio of the casting or core - I ₀ (r),I ₁ (r) ModifiedBessel functions of the first kind and order zero and one respectively - K ₀ (r),K ₁ (r) ModifiedBessel functions of the second kind and order zero and one respectively - p Ring load, lb/in - U, W Displacement components in the casing or core in thez andr direction - u, w Displacement components of a middle surface point in the shell - _r , _rz Radial and shearing stress components - Independent variable of infinite integrals - k [3(1–S ²)a ²/t ²]^1/4 With 13 Figures     

Imaging a point to a line with a single spherical mirror

Methods for imaging a single point source to a line image are discussed, and a design study of single spherical mirror systems that form aberration-free line images is presented. An expression forthe ray density along the line image is derived for such systems in the cases of (i) uniform beam profiles and (ii) Gaussian beam profiles. The resulting ray density profiles are illustrated for single spherical mirror systems over a wide range of design parameters.     

Piercing a metallic barrier with a jet of a dilute polymer solution

Results are shown pertaining to the action of jets of dilute polymer solutions on solid barriers. The piercing of a barrier is explained by the viscoelastic properties of aggregates which, during an impact, behave like solid particles.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 1090–1094, December, 1973.     

Linear heat transfer in a flow around a cylinder or a sphere

It is shown that the relation between the Nusselt and Reynolds numbers determined by the Reynolds analogy is linear with self-similarity of the hydrodynamic resistance coefficient.Special Design and Technology Office Element, Odessa, Ukraine. translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 68, No. 3, May–June, pp. 395–396, 1995.     

Interaction between a cylindrical shell in a fluid and a pulsating bubble

The dynamic behavior of a cylindrical fluid-immersed shell in a pressure wave initiated by a pulsating vapor-gas bubble that develops as a result of the action of laser radiation on the absorbing medium (metal) is examined experimentally and theoretically. The results of the experiments suggest that the amplitude of the shock wave that develops as a result of complete or partial vaporization of the absorbing medium is appreciably smaller than the amplitude of the waves due to pulsations of the bubble that is formed. Experimental data on the pattern of structural deformation are confirmed by calculations. The effect of load simulation on the behavior of the shell is established according to computational data.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 6, pp. 116–120, June, 1990.