虚拟数字化工厂技术在铸造车间布局中的应用

介绍了虚拟数字化工厂在汽车及工程机械行业的应用,重点介绍了厂房及设备的数字化建模及工艺布局仿真,并通过三维布局仿真模型进行了工艺布局评审与设备色彩方案确定。最后,对后续的工作及虚拟数字化工厂的应用前景进行了展望。     

虚拟装配技术及应用

虚拟制造是一种新兴的先进制造概念和理论，虚拟装配是虚拟制造研究领域重要的研究分支。虚拟装配可帮助产品摆脱对于试制物理样机并装配物理样机的过度依赖，可以有效地提高产品装配建模的质量与速度，有助于降低产品开发成本，缩短产品开发周期。介绍了虚拟装配的国内外现状，分析了虚拟装配的特征和关键，探讨了虚拟装配的实施方案和步骤。     

Tecnomatix在汽车焊装领域的应用及思考

汽车市场的竞争日趋激烈和汽车产品生命周期的缩短,要求汽车制造业具备更短的产品面世时间,更快的市场响应,数字化工厂作为衔接产品设计与制造的桥梁很好地为企业提供了这方面能力.介绍了西门子Tecnomatix软件在汽车白车身焊装郐域的应用,并结合实际应用总结出一些汽车焊装数字化工厂实施的经验和体会.     

数字化工厂中工艺规划的特征识别技术的应用

文章首先阐述了数字化工厂的概念和工艺规划系统的主要分类以及其在当今的制造业中所起到的作用，针对工艺规划系统和数字化工厂技术之间的关系进行了说明，论文着重对工艺规划系统中的特征识别技术进行了研究；从而提出了数字化工厂技术在制造生产过程中的关键技术作用。以特征识别技术在某个发动机缸盖的生产线上的应用实例，得出了该技术是一项可以提高生产效率的先进技术的结论。     

人机工程在数字化工厂中的应用研究

基于现代化制造背景,文章首先介绍了数字化工厂的概念、功能与发展及研究现状,然后论述了人机工程的应用领域、研究内容、研究方法及其同数字化工厂的关系,最后详细阐述了人机工程应用于数字化工厂的总体研究思路、研究方法与技术路线并得出结论.     

虚拟制造技术在电子工业中的应用

随着计算机技术和信息技术的不断发展，虚拟制造技术在电子工业中的应用已经得到广泛关注。采用虚拟制造技术可以缩短电子产品的开发周期、降低成本、提高品质，从而增加产品的市场竞争力。介绍了虚拟制造的基本概念、内涵、特征、分类和关键技术，着重阐述了虚拟制造技术在国内外电子工业领域的应用和取得的成果，并探讨了电子虚拟制造技术应用的进一步设想和发展趋势。面对电子工业的飞速发展，虚拟制造技术在电子产品制造各领域，特别是电子产品设计和生产线升级改造方面的应用有着巨大潜力和前景。     

基于数字化工厂的制造业信息化集成平台

分析了现代制造企业信息化平台的问题,研究了数字化工厂DFS功能特点,及其在CAX / PDM /ERP信息系统平台中的必要性,提出了完整的制造企业信息化集成平台,探索了基于数据库的数字化工厂系统与PDM系统间的集成技术.     

虚拟制造技术及其在钢管行业中的应用展望

虚拟制造技术就是通过计算机虚拟模型,模拟产品制造过程,从而预测、检测、评价产品的性能和可制造性等。就虚拟制造的内涵、分类和主要特点,以及所包含的关键技术进行了多方面的探讨,并展望了虚拟制造技术在钢管行业中的应用前景。     

全流程虚拟制造数字化系统的介绍

介绍了全流程虚拟制造数字化系统的基本构架及流程,详细阐述了全流程虚拟制造数字化系统的产品信息管理、产品标准数字化转换、生产方法评估、工艺方案确定、虚拟设计、虚拟检验、虚拟制造、工艺信息直达现场等内容,得出以下结论:(1)全流程虚拟制造技术将虚拟制造与现实制造结合,提前解决可能在现实生产中出现的问题,不仅降低了生产成本,也缩短了产品生产周期;(2)通过全流程虚拟制造数字化系统的实施,实现工艺设计过程数字化、标准化和直观化,降低了工艺设计难度,利于现场执行,细化管理流程,简化制度规范,降低人为浪费,提升企业利润。     

基于Logistic回归的数据富裕环境下制造过程质量动态监控

针对数字化工厂“数据丰富，信息贫瘠”环境下制造车间生产过程存在异常信息利用不充分而造成监控效率低的问题，提出基于SPC技术和Logistic回归模型的制造过程质量监控方法。将关键工序中相关质量数据采集到MES系统，根据过程质量数据绘制T²控制图，然后利用Logistic回归模型挖掘过程异常信息，并通过T²和Logistic回归的联合优化实现数字化工厂制造过程质量监控的动态调整。以某薄膜晶体管液晶显示器等离子薄膜沉积生产工序为实际案例，验证了该制造过程质量监控方法的可行性和有效性。因此，在T²控制图的基础上通过Logistic回归模型考虑过程异常信息能够提高制造过程质量监控的灵敏性和鲁棒性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.