模糊控制在移动机器人路径跟踪控制中的应用

对含不确定性的移动机器人系统设计了自适应模糊路径跟踪控制方法,此方法采用模糊逻辑系统逼近控制器中的不确定函数,基于时变死区函数对模糊逻辑系统中的未知参数进行自适应调节,并对时变死区设计了自适应律。文中证明了此方法可使跟踪误差收敛到原点的小邻域内。仿真算例验证了此方法的有效性。     

一类含未知非线性迟滞的智能压电作动器鲁棒有限时间运动控制

针对一类存在外界扰动、迟滞等时变不确定、非线性的压电作动器系统,提出了一种新的鲁棒控制策略。该控制器在快速非奇异终端滑模控制的基础上,引入时延估计技术,实现在线估计并补偿系统时变不确定量,而无需系统模型。采用鲁棒精密微分器实时估计速度及加速度信息,克服了实际中只有位移信号可测的不足。相比传统时延控制,所提的控制律采用非线性滑模面,保证跟踪误差能够有限时间收敛。最后利用Lyapunov函数证明了系统的稳定性。理论分析及仿真结果表明,所提控制策略能够满足微/纳定位应用中的高精度鲁棒跟踪性能要求。     

事件触发的自适应移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制

针对纵向滑转对移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制的影响,提出了一种基于事件触发的自适应轨迹跟踪控制方法。引入自适应估计策略,通过两个滑转参数自适应估计驱动轮的纵向滑转情况,克服纵向滑转带来的运动扰动。同时结合事件触发思想,设计触发函数,降低通信频次,节约计算资源。最后,利用Lyapunov稳定性理论对系统的稳定性进行证明。仿真及实验结果表明,在纵向滑转使得位置误差最大值的均方根提升56.85%的情况下,控制系统仍能在短时间内迅速收敛,提高了运动系统的稳定性。     

阀控缸系统有限时间滑模控制

针对阀控缸系统稳态跟踪误差的收敛时间均为非有限时间内收敛到0的问题，提出了一种终端滑模控制方法。解决了液压系统非有限时间收敛问题，使得跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛到0。首先，运用终端滑模控制方法通过构造终端函数方式引入非线性项，设计终端滑模面来保证系统的全局鲁棒性和稳定性；其次，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论设计终端滑模控制器，保证位置跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛到0并验证其稳定性；最后，利用阀控缸系统模型以正弦信号及其衍生信号为参考信号对控制策略进行Simulink仿真，表明了终端滑模控制方法的可行性与有效性。     

自抗扰锁相跟踪系统设计与仿真

针对锁相跟踪中的抗扰问题,提出了一种新的方案,通过二阶广义积分器将参考信号分解为 ２路正交信号,在滤波的同时得到精确的相位.数字频率合成器作为信号发生器具有高稳定性和高精确性,可以通过比较参考信号和 DDS 的相位误差,引入自抗扰控制算法,适应锁相跟踪系统对算法进行改进,输出DDS 的频率控制字.最后,通过 MATLAB 仿真结果表明,该控制器具有很强的鲁棒性和高抗扰性,能够有效地抑制不确定负荷扰动的影响.     

基于惯量估计的工业机器人关节伺服系统变增益自抗扰控制

针对工业机器人关节伺服系统存在时变负载和模型不确定性问题,提出了基于惯量估计的变增益自抗扰控制策略。首先,建立了关节伺服系统数学模型,并通过频域分析,得到了关节伺服系统二阶状态方程。为了削弱扰动和不确定参数的影响,设计了线性扩张状态观测器,利用自适应的方法估计惯量,同时结合鲁棒和滑模控制以保持系统稳定性,并对该控制策略进行了仿真和实验研究。实验结果表明,在该控制策略下,电机端正弦信号跟踪误差小于0.2 rad,在负载扰动下位置误差小于0.03 rad,较之单一自抗扰控制误差大约减小了40%,具有较强的抗扰动性,提高了关节伺服系统的控制精度和动态性能。     

一种新的固有频率跟踪及虚假频率剔除方法

针对时变参数辨识中常见的固有频率辨识和虚假频率剔除问题,引入了一种基于新信息准则的子空间跟踪辨识算法,结合实验提出了一种消除虚假固有频率的后处理方法。首先,利用基于新信息准则的子空间跟踪算法辨识出伪时变模态参数;其次,通过聚类方法估计各阶伪固有频率;最后,利用滑动的数据窗比对数据剔除虚假频率。该方法仅需要给出预估的活动模态数即可。不同频率变化形式的仿真算例结果证明了本研究方法较其他辨识算法在信号信噪比较低时具有较高的辨识精度。高温环境下的时变模态实验也验证了该方法的可行性,说明该方法在实际工程中具有较高的应用价值。     

基于线调频小波路径追踪阶比跟踪算法的齿轮箱故障诊断研究

针对阶比跟踪转速获取硬件方法需要额外安装转速测量设备,软件方法精度不高、抗噪能力弱的问题,提出基于线调频小波路径追踪瞬时频率估计的齿轮箱阶比跟踪故障诊断方法。该方法利用基于线调频小波路径追踪瞬时频率估计算法适于分解频率呈曲线变化的非平稳信号的特点,采用其对齿轮箱的啮合频率分量进行估计以获取转速信号,依据转速信号对等时间间隔采样信号进行等角度重采样,将非平稳信号转化为角域平稳信号,得到振动信号的阶次谱,判断齿轮箱故障。仿真算例与应用实例表明上述方法在瞬时频率估计方面具有精度高和抗噪能力强的优点,可以根据信号自身的特点自适应的选择基函数,准确地对转速进行估计,其与阶比跟踪算法的结合能有效诊断齿轮箱故障。     

基于修正LuGre模型的自适应鲁棒控制在机电伺服系统中的应用

机电位置伺服系统是典型的非线性系统,且存在诸多不确定性,使得传统方法设计的闭环控制器往往不能满足系统的高性能需求。针对动态摩擦参数和系统负载特性未知的情况,为伺服系统设计一种基于动态面滤波法的自适应鲁棒跟踪策略。构造一个非线性观测器来估计摩擦力矩,利用动态面滤波器简化控制器的设计,设计自适应鲁棒控制器以提高系统的稳态控制精度及鲁棒性。基于Lyapunov稳定性定理证明闭环系统的所有信号半全局一致有界,通过适当选择设计参数及初始化误差变量,跟踪误差可收敛到原点的一个任意小邻域内。仿真和试验结果表明,该控制器能够能有效地抑制摩擦干扰对伺服系统的不利影响,显著提高了系统的控制精度,为提高伺服系统的动态跟踪性能奠定基础。     

基于惯量估计的工业机器人关节伺服系统变增益自抗扰控制* .txt

摘要：针对工业机器人关节伺服系统存在时变负载和模型不确定性问题，提出了基于惯量估计的变增益自抗扰控制策略。首先，建立了关节伺服系统数学模型，并通过频域分析，得到了关节伺服系统二阶状态方程。为了削弱扰动和不确定参数的影响，设计了线性扩张状态观测器，利用自适应的方法估计惯量，同时结合鲁棒和滑模控制以保持系统稳定性，并对该控制策略进行了仿真和实验研究。实验结果表明，在该控制策略下，电机端正弦信号跟踪误差小于02 rad，在负载扰动下位置误差小于003 rad，较之单一自抗扰控制误差大约减小了40%，具有较强的抗扰动性，提高了关节伺服系统的控制精度和动态性能。 .txt     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.