镍磷非晶纳米晶复合镀层的制备及其耐蚀性

对电沉积12．3％P（质量分数）镍磷合金进行热处理，部分晶化获得非晶纳米晶复合镀层。利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜和高分辨透射电镜分析镀层的结构。结果表明，镀态时镀层呈典型的非晶态结构，控制热处理工艺可得到非晶纳米晶的复合镀层。通过动电位极化曲线（3．5％NaCI溶液）测定，得知部分晶化的镀层耐蚀性得到改善。由于具有少量纳米晶相镶嵌于连续非晶相上，非晶纳米晶复合结构的镍磷合金镀层耐蚀性优于非晶态镍磷合金镀层。     

表面活性剂对镍-磷-纳米氧化铝复合镀的影响

研究了阴离子型表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠)和阳离子型表面活性剂(三乙醇胺)对镍-磷-纳米氧化铝复合镀性能的影响.讨论了表面活性剂的种类、加入量对沉积速度、镀层的硬度和耐磨性能的影响.通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察各种复合镀层形貌,利用能谱仪(EDS)测量镀层中纳米A l2O3粒子的复合量.结果表明:纳米复合化学镀液中两种阴离子型表面活性剂的较佳加入量均为50 mg/L,阳离子型表面活性剂较佳加入量为100mg/L;采用阳离子表面活性剂时所得镀层的纳米粒子复合量较大,镀速快,耐磨性能好且纳米氧化铝分散较均匀;相比化学镀N i-P和微米A l2O3复合化学镀N i-P工艺所得镀层,纳米复合镀层具有较高的硬度和较好的耐磨性.     

镍磷复合镀层的组织与磨损性能

本文研究了化学镀镍磷合金复合碳化硅镀层的组织与磨损性能及机理。在镍磷合金化学镀液中,加入碳化硅粒子(3～5μm),形成复合镀层,且碳化硅粒子与镍磷基质机械结合,复合镀层保持镍磷合金的组织结构。复合镀层表现出更高的硬度,具有良好的耐磨性,随硬度的提高,耐磨性增加;在滑动磨损条件下,碳化硅粒子起抗磨作用,复合镀层抗磨粒磨损性能好。     

Ni-Co/纳米金刚石复合镀层抗磨损性能的研究

采用电沉积法在45#钢样品表面制备了含有纳米金刚石的镍-钴合金基复合镀层。对复合镀层的显微硬度和微观结构进行了测试。并考察了阴极电流密度、镀液pH值等主要工艺参数对纳米复合镀层耐磨性的影响。结果表明：纳米金刚石的弥散强化作用，可以有效地提高镀层的硬度。在干摩擦条件下，纳米复合镀层的耐磨性是镍-钴合金镀层的3倍；     

超声-电沉积Ni-TiN复合镀层组织和性能研究

为了探讨复合镀层的组织和性能,采用超声-电沉积制备了Ni-TiN复合镀层.对镀层的表面形貌、显微硬度和磨损性能进行了研究,分析了Ni-TiN复合镀层的耐磨机理.结果表明:由于超声波的辅助作用和TiN纳米粒子的加入,镀层表面比较平整,光滑;在超声波和高频脉冲电流复合作用下,纳米TiN粒子含量为12%的Ni-TiN复合镀层具有较高的显微硬度和耐磨性能,平均表面硬度达到HV927.2,磨损量仅为14.1mg;纳米TiN粒子的弥散错位强化作用、细晶强化效应及一定承载和润滑作用是提高Ni-TiN复合镀层耐磨性的根本原因.     

聚四氟乙烯增强Ni-P合金化学复合镀工艺研究

本文对镍磷聚四氟乙烯(Plotyertarflouorethylence,PTFE)化学复合镀的工艺、复合镀层的性能等进行了研究和分析,确定了复合粒子PTFE的用量以及表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠的活化作用.采用金相显微组织观察、显微硬度和结合强度检测等对Ni-P-PTFE化学复合镀层进行了研究.结果表明:添加适量的PTFE粒子和表面活性剂后镀液性能稳定,镀层外观光滑平整,镀层内PTFE粒子分布均匀,镀层与基体结合良好,硬度较高.     

退火对化学镀镍-磷-纳米金刚石复合膜的结构和性能的影响

在45钢表面进行化学镀镍-磷-纳米金刚石复合膜,使用X射线衍射仪、刻划法和盐水浸蚀法研究了退火对复合膜的结构和性能的影响.结果表明,退火前为非晶镍磷合金和纳米金刚石粉的混合膜,随退火温度的升高,镍磷合金发生晶化和晶粒长大;退火前镀层硬度为930HV,退火后硬度超过1600HV;退火后的附着力提高;耐蚀性比0Cr18Ni9Ti要好.     

纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层腐蚀行为

将纳米SiO2粒子通过超声分散引入到化学镀Ni-P合金镀液中,在碳钢基体表面共沉积得到纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对Ni-P镀层和纳米SiO2粒子/镍基镀层的微观结构形貌进行了分析;采用失重法和电化学方法研究了纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,纳米SiO2粒子/镍基复合镀层仍是非晶态,纳米SiO2粒子的加入提高了镀层的致密性,提高了镀层的耐腐蚀性能。     

非晶态镍磷合金晶化过程的研究

利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计,研究了非晶态镍磷合金镀层晶化过程及镀层的组织和性能.结果表明: 200～260℃加热,镀层的局部区域已发生晶化;280℃热处理后晶化过程加快;400℃热处理后晶化完全;500℃加热处理后晶粒开始长大.表明非晶态Ni-P合金的晶化在200～400℃温度范围内进行,晶化过程中,弥散析出的Ni3P相具有调幅结构.大量高硬度的Ni3P相弥散析出,使镀层硬度大大提高.     

钢基镍磷合金PTFE复合涂层耐磨耐蚀性能研究

目的 研究钢基镍磷合金PTFE复合涂层的耐磨性能及耐蚀作用机理.方法 在钢基材料表面制备镍磷合金镀层,采用电化学蚀刻技术在镀层表面形成纳米多孔结构,并经PTFE复合改性处理,制备了耐磨耐蚀的复合涂层.采用扫描电子显微镜对钢基镍磷合金PTFE复合涂层的微观形貌进行了表征,分别采用球盘式磨损、电化学试验评价了复合涂层的耐磨损、耐蚀性能,并通过白光干涉仪对复合涂层的磨痕形貌进行了分析.结果 复合改性涂层未改变镍磷合金镀层硬度性质.在球盘摩擦磨损试验中,随摩擦时间的延长,镍磷合金镀层的摩擦系数从0.12持续升至0.40;复合改性涂层的摩擦系数从0.08升至0.20左右,并保持稳定,与镀层相比,其摩擦系数有效降低,耐磨性能提高.由极化曲线可得,复合改性涂层的腐蚀电流最低,为1.53μA,且出现一个钝化区间.通过电化学阻抗谱图与等效电路拟合结果可知,镍磷合金镀层0.01 Hz的整体阻抗模值为1.44×104?·cm2,经复合改性后,镀层在0.01 Hz时的整体阻抗增加为2.75×104?·cm2.结论 电化学蚀刻+PTFE复合改性处理能有效提高镍磷合金镀层的耐蚀耐磨性能.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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