硬件设计搜索引擎的信息描述体设计

从因特网上获取信息或资源需要使用搜索引擎，可是目前的通用搜索引擎并不能搜索出使用专业工具设计的各种硬件格式的文件，即硬件部件设计。本文研究一种新的针对硬件部件设计的专用搜索引擎，使用该引擎可根据因特网上基于硬件部件设计特性的分类信息，搜索到硬件部件设计文件，从而为硬件开发者缩短开发周期提供较好的支持。本文给出了该搜索引擎的设计方案。     

Codesign of embedded systems: status and trends

Ever increasing embedded system design complexity combined with a very tight time-to-market window has revolutionized the embedded-system design process. The concurrent design of hardware and software has displaced traditional sequential design. Further, hardware and software design now begins before the system architecture (or even the specification) is finalised. System architects, customers, and marketing departments develop requirement definitions and system specifications together. System architects define a system architecture consisting of cooperating system functions that form the basis of concurrent hardware and software design. Interface design requires the participation of both hardware and software developers. The next step integrates and tests hardware and software-this phase consists of many individual steps. Reusing components taken from previous designs or acquired from outside the design group is a main design goal to improve productivity and reduce design risk. It is argued that new methodologies and AD tools support an integrated hardware software codesign process     

针对硬件设计的专用搜索引擎研究

从因特网上获取信息或资源需要使用搜索引擎,可是目前的通用搜索引擎并不能搜索出使用专业工具设计的各种硬件格式的文件,即硬件部件设计.研究一种新的针对硬件部件设计的专用搜索引擎,使用该引擎可根据因特网上基于硬件部件设计特性的分类信息,搜索到硬件部件设计文件,从而为硬件开发者缩短开发周期提供较好的支持,给出了该搜索引擎的设计方案.     

嵌入式硬件平台高速数据传输的实现

论述了在硬件平台上进行高速数据传输的设计和实现，在硬件平台上存在着不同高频的电路，系统的整体性能取决于这些高频电路的处理，该文将共平面波导(CPW)和微带传输线结构应用到整个硬件系统的设计中，并对理论和具体实现应用作了论述。小批量的试生产验证了阻抗设计的正确性。     

关于开放型集散式控制系统软件设计的讨论

按照传统的设计方法,一个集散式控制系统与硬件环境是紧密相关的。设计一个集散式控制系统,首先应考虑它的硬件环境设置,而它的软件系统设计则是在硬件环境的基础上进行的。随着面向对象技术的引入,面向对象集散式控制系统的软件设计已不必完全依赖于硬件的环境了,它的软件设计完全可以超前于硬件环境的设计,因为我们可以根据软件设计所提供的不同的基本控制元类来组装成硬件环境中提出的各种不同的控制要求。在本文中,以一个机动车自动检测控制系统的模型,来讨论如何利用面向对象技术设计一个易维护,易组合与拆卸的开放型集散式控制系统。     

实现SOPC的嵌入式软硬件协同设计平台

对基于FPGA的SOPC软硬件协同设计方法进行了研究,在此基础上,详细设计了系统硬件平台,并对硬件平台的硬件系统进行了定制.本平台满足了从硬件系统定制,到操作系统配置均可以按照设计需求进行定制的特点.     

直立行走机器人腿部平衡系统

虽然机器人的研究、制作和使用已经有几十年的历史,但是双足直立行走的机器人世界上很少。主要因为稳定性控制及双足行走控制非常复杂,但为了研究出与人更加接近的机器人,这是必须克服的难关。主要是解决直立行走机器人腿部平衡的问题,包括硬件设计和软件的设计,侧重于对硬件的设计,即着重介绍直立行走机器人腿部平衡系统的相关知识、设计目的、设计思路、方案的确定、原理设计及分析、硬件调试。     

Patching Processor Design Errors with Programmable Hardware

Equipping processors with programmable hardware to patch design errors lets manufacturers release regular hardware patches, avoiding costly chip recalls and potentially speeding time to market. For each error detected, the manufacturer creates a fingerprint, which the customer uses to program the hardware. The hardware watches for error conditions; when they arise, it takes action to avoid the error. Overall, our scheme enables an exciting new environment where hardware design errors can be handled as easily as system software bugs, by applying a patch to the hardware     

基于SystemC的嵌入式系统设计

本文提出了一种基于SystemC的嵌入式系统设计方法，SystemC是OSCI（Open SystemC Initiative)组织制定和维护的一种开放源代码的C＋＋建模平台，提供支持硬件建模和仿真的C＋＋类库及相应的仿真内核，SystemC消除了一直存在于系统级设计和硬件设计之间的语言隔阂，支持在整个嵌入式系统设计流程内使用C＋＋来统一描述硬件和软件，基于C＋＋的系统功能定义能够方便有效地映为硬件实现部分和软件实现部分，该方法同传统的设计方法相比更加灵活和有效。     

基于CPCI总线的嵌入式计算机通用接口设计

针对基于CPCI总线的嵌入式计算机设计中遇到的底层驱动软件与具体硬件芯片相互关联的问题,开展了嵌入式计算机通用接口设计的研究.采用软件、硬件与现场可编程技术相互结合的设计方法,通过通用硬件接1:1电路设计、共享存储区设计、通用函数设计,实现了基于CPCI总线的嵌入式计算机通用接口,并成功应用于具体的工程实践.     

基于Cortex-M3的以太网硬件设计

传统的嵌入式以太网硬件方案一般包括了一片微控制器或微处理器芯片和一片负责以太网通信的专用芯片.这样的设计方案导致了较大的PCB面积以及由于多芯片的使用而导致的潜在的稳定性问题.提出了一种基于LM3S6100的ARM Cortex-M3微控制器的嵌入式以太网硬件设计方案.在该控制器中完整集成了包含PHY和MAC功能的以太网控制器,因此,能够单芯片配合外围元器件实现以太网接入.这样的硬件设计方法提高了系统的稳定性并且大大减少了设计和制造成本.详细介绍了核心硬件电路的设计方法,其硬件方案的样品已经设计制造成功,样品测试正常,工作稳定可靠.     

Formal Design of Cache Memory Protocols in IBM

We describe the formal design techniques currently used in IBM to develop cache protocol controllers for high-end servers. In our approach to formal design, formal specification and verification methods are incorporated into the hardware design process, starting from the earliest stages of a hardware project. We describe collaborations between a formal methods expert and hardware designers on two high performance server projects. Properties of the design are verified using both manual proof techniques and model checking. We discuss the modelling and model checking techniques we have developed and indicate future directions.     

基于TCP/IP的硬件远程重构

介绍了一种基于TCP／IP协议的在网络上远程传输FPGA设计生成的硬件逻辑数据,并通过CPU对IFPGA进行配置,实现硬件逻辑重构 的灵活方法。该方法使系统设计者摆脱了开发系统的局限,提供了很强的远程修改硬件逻辑的能力,极大地方便了硬件的设计与升级,具有 很高的应用价值。     

Interfacing the hardware API with a feature-based operating system family

Multiprocessor systems on a chip (MPSoCs) are a popular class of course-grained parallel computer architectures, which are very useful, because they support re-use of legacy software components and application-specific tailoring of hardware structures at the same time. Furthermore, model-driven design frameworks for MPSoCs such as Xilinx’ EDK or our own LavA-framework facilitate very fast system development. However, in this paper we argue that these design frameworks are not ideal from the development process perspective. Instead, we propose a software-centric approach that is based on the hardware API concept. The API is a representation of hardware components on the software level, which is generated from a hardware meta-model. It allows us to automatically derive a hardware structure based on access patterns in software, revealed by a static code analysis. This trick reduces the number of hardware details the developer needs to deal with and avoids configuration inconsistencies between the hardware and software levels by design. Furthermore, we present how the development process can benefit from the hardware API, when the API is interfaced with a configurable operating system.     

软硬件协同设计中模型表示与映射

目前的软硬件协同设计方法都有其局限性,主要表现在：缺乏必要的模型映射机制、不同语言描述的软硬件设计容易造成不一致现象。经过分析和研究,该文提出了一个软硬件协同设计流程,它基于CDM模型,支持从系统需求描述出发、通过设置各描述组件的参数,自动产生CDM模型。利用SystemC的软硬件描述功能,对CDM模型进行映射和绑定操作,自动生成SystemC可执行程序,使软硬件代码无缝联接。模型经过多次细化和验证,从而提高设计质量和缩短设计周期。最后通过一个实例说明该方法的设计特点。     

基于FPGA可扩展的Mapreduce架构设计与实现

在基于机群的Mapreduce架构模型基础上,提出了一种基于CPU和FPGA环境、可扩展的Mapreduce架构。通过网络连接和驱动模块,实现了计算机软件与可编程硬件之间的通信,其中,CPU主机主要完成于文件系统的通行,将复杂耗时的运算过程转移到FPGA平台中处理,并引入内部流水线处理过程,大幅度加速了系统运算过程。同时,该架构可将更多的任务扩展到多个FPGA平台,弥补了器件内部存储资源的局限性,提高了系统的性能。此外,软硬件之间的命令、状态等信息交互为管理在FPGA中扩展任务提供了有效途径。实验证明,此架构在大幅提高运算速度的同时,提供了较好的底层设备可扩展性和管理的灵活性。     

用遗传算法实现逻辑函数的化简

在硬件设计中引入演化计算,在可编程逻辑器件上通过对基本硬件元器件进行演化而自动生成人工难以设计出的硬件结构,称为演化硬件设计。代数法和卡诺图法用来化简给定的逻辑函数,但它们难以化简规模很大的逻辑函数。这里用演化硬件设计方法实现了区别于传统的代数化简法和卡诺图化简法的一种新的对给定的某一逻辑函数进行化简的方法。实验表明演化硬件设计方法能够化简规模很大的逻辑函数。     

一种光线与三角形求交算法的硬件架构设计

为了实现实时性的光线追踪平台,提出了一种光线与三角形求交算法的硬件架构设计。首先介绍了一种光线与三角形求交的简洁算法。该算法与其它算法相比使用存储空间最少,却具有相似的性能,便于硬件实现。根据此算法,提出了相应的硬件架构,在架构设计过程中,通过折叠、资源共享、以及多线程等硬件架构设计方法来提高硬件使用率,使有限的硬件资源达到最高的性能。实验结果表明,与现有方案相比,本文硬件架构平台在速度和芯片面积两个方面都存在着较大的提高。为实时光线追踪的实现提供了依据。     

A proposed ontology to support the hardware design of building inspection robot systems

Due to the growing number of architecturally complex buildings built in recent decades, mobile building inspection robot systems are required to operate in increasingly complex environments. This leads to higher requirements for their hardware design. The existing literature on the design of building inspection robots has implicitly mentioned the impact of building environments and building defects on defining robot hardware design requirements. However, the explicit representation of what information is required to define a specific hardware requirement is stimissing. To fill this gap, this paper presents an ontology that provides an overview of the building and inspection domain objects that affect the determination of robot hardware design requirements (RoboDesign). It also explores the relationship between specific robot hardware requirements and features of complex buildings and their defects. The RoboDesign ontology integrates two main domain ontology models including a Robot System Model and a Building and Defect Model. A content evaluation and an automated consistency checking are conducted for the internal evaluation of the ontology. Additionally, the proposed ontology is implemented in two wall-climbing inspection robot design cases to check if the investigation of the robot’s application environment is comprehensive. The validation results also demonstrate that the use of the proposed ontological model allows to efficiently retrieve information required to determine a particular hardware requirement.