苯丙醇胺引起急性荨麻疹1例

苯丙醇胺引起急性荨麻疹１例肖科武，杨友根（湖南省益阳地区人民医院，益阳４１３０００）患者，女，３０ａ，１９９３年１０月，因感冒头痛、流鼻涕，自服康泰克１＃，批号９２１１７１０，服药１ｈ后，自感周身皮肤发热、搔痒，手摸即出现困状丘疹，在此前未服任何其它...     

复方新诺明引起急性荨麻疹1例

复方新诺明引起急性荨麻疹１例陈文彬（浙江省平阳县第一人民医院，平阳３２５４００）患者男２０ａ，１９９４年５月，因感冒失痛、流鼻涕打喷嚏，而自服感冒清”，复方新诺明２＃。服药后１ｈ，自觉全身皮肤发热、搔痒、手摸即出现困状丘疹，在此前未服任何其他药物，立...     

梭曼和毒扁豆碱引起大鼠脑电癫痫波的M和N胆碱能成分

在加拉碘铵麻痹，人工呼吸维持和甲基阿托品预防的大鼠上，梭曼ＦＳ０．１ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｍ（ｎ＝２４）或毒扁豆碱３０．０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ（ｎ＝１８）使全部大鼠脑电图（ＥＥＧ）上出现早期持续很短的紧张性癫痫波和随后持续很长的阵挛性癫痫波．中枢＃ＦＳＮ＃ＦＫ受体激动剂烟碱１．０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ（ｎ＝３８）和中枢Ｍ受体激动剂槟榔碱１５０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ（ｎ＝４６）或匹鲁卡品３８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｖ（ｎ＝２４）能分别在ＥＥＧ癫痫波的特征，出现时间和持续时间上模拟出上述早期紧张性癫痫波和随后的阵挛性癫痫波．预先小剂量ｉｖ烟碱使中枢Ｎ受体脱敏或给小剂量Ｎ受体拮抗剂美加明保护中枢Ｎ受体后，梭曼只能引起潜伏期较长且持续很久的阵挛性癫痫波．胆碱酯酶抑制剂梭曼和毒扁豆碱较大剂量引起大鼠ＥＥＧ癫痫波可能的机理是过量的乙酰胆碱作用于潜伏期短，容易脱敏的Ｎ受体出现早期持续很短的ＥＥＧ紧张性癫痫波，又作用于潜伏期较长，不容易脱敏的Ｍ受体，出现稍后的ＥＥＧ阵挛性癫痫波     

博利康尼、酮替酚、必可酮联合治疗小儿过敏性咳嗽56例

目的：观察博利康尼、酮替酚、必可酮治疗小儿过敏性咳嗽的临床疗效。方法：用博利康尼片１／３＃～１＃３次／ｄ、酮替酚０．０８～０．１ｍｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ）等治疗过敏性咳嗽５６例（男３０例,女２６例;年龄４～１４岁,平均８．５±３．１７岁,病程数月至数年）。观察７～１０天。结果：显效率５２％,总有效率９１．２％。结论：博利康尼,酮替酚和必可酮治疗小儿过敏性咳嗽是安全有效的药物。     

肺炎型细支气管肺泡癌的CT诊断

肺炎型细支气管肺泡癌影像学表现为肺叶或肺段实变，易被误诊。本文回顾性分析１２例经病理证实的肺炎型细支气管肺泡癌（BAC），分析其CT表现，以提高对本病的认识。１资料与方法１．１一般资料男７例，女５例。年龄４２～６７岁，平均５３．２岁。临床表现：咳嗽６例，咳痰４例（其中２例咳大量粘液白痰），胸痛６例，呼吸困难３例，体重下降３例，无征象５例。１２例中手术６例，支气管镜检３例，肺穿刺活检２例，痰细胞学检查５例，均经病理证实。１．２方法使用PHILIPSTOMOSCANSR７０００螺旋CT及PQ－６０００螺旋CT机，１…     

麦迪霉素的开发研究

麦迪霉素的开发研究硕士研究生高云飞指导教师白秀峰沈阳药科大学制药系１１００１５本文报告麦迪霉素的开发研究．通过磁场和紫外线诱变并经耐受筛选获得高产菌株４２４＃．经过工艺研究，其发酵单位平均达２２００ｕ／ｍＬ，Ａ１组分含量在８０％以上．实验中发现一种Ｂ...     

清开灵治疗急性黄疸型肝炎83例疗效分析

清开灵治疗急性黄疸型肝炎８３例疗效分析０６６００１秦皇岛市第三医院夏桂珍，张文华秦皇岛市中心血站张晖我院自１９９１年５月～１９９３年５月应用清开灵注射液治疗急性货殖型肝炎８３例，与同期用其它药物治疗急性黄疽型肝炎７４例对照．对此分析如下．Ｉｋ＄ｆ＃１...     

珍珠粉生产质量失控的原因分析

珍珠粉生产质量失控的原因分析杨文秀浙江省金华市药品检验所，（金华３２１０００）针对珍珠粉样品检验中发现的细度、干燥失重、装量差异、细菌和霉菌等出现的质量问题，我们进入生产现场调研；将原因作以下初步分析：１细度球磨细度不仅与进入球磨机内珍珠粉数量、粒径...     

苯巴比妥栓的制备及在家兔体内的药物动力学

目的：研制生物利用度较好的苯巴比妥栓剂。方法：以３种不同基质制成苯巴比妥栓剂，并比较它们在家兔体内的药物动力学。采用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定血药浓度，按二室血管外给药模型进行药物动力学参数模拟。结果：以水溶性基质脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚（Ｓ－４０型）制成的栓剂的主要药动学参数分别为Ｋａ１．０１±０．２２ｈ－１，Ｔｍａｘ２．４２±０．１１ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ１１．１±１．３μｇ·ｍｌ－１，ＡＵＣ９２４±１１０μｇ·ｈ·ｍｌ－１，均明显优于以３６＃半合成脂肪酸酯和聚乙二醇－４０００为基质的栓剂（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：３种栓剂的释药性具有显著性差异，以脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚（Ｓ－４０型）为基质的栓剂最好。     

介绍一种防止砂滤棒破损的方法

介绍一种防止砂滤棒破损的方法辛香恩（山西省大同市利群制药厂０３７００５）砂滤棒接头处往往容易破损脱落，用环氧树脂加固法来防止砂滤棒接头处的破损和脱落是一种行之有效的方法。现将粘合刑的配制及使用介绍如下：１粘合剂的配方与配制６ｌ０ｌ＃环氧树脂１００份６...     

Influence of nanomechanical crystal properties on the comminution process of particulate solids in spiral jet mills.

Elastic-plastic properties of single crystals are supposed to influence the size reduction process of bulk materials during jet milling. According to Pahl [M.H. Pahl, Zerkleinerungstechnik 2. Auflage. Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig (1993)] and H. Rumpf: [Prinzipien der Prallzerkleinerung und ihre Anwendung bei der Strahlmahlung. Chem. Ing. Tech., 3(1960) 129-135.] fracture toughness, maximum strain or work of fracture for example are strongly dependent on mechanical parameters like hardness (H) and young's modulus of elasticity (E). In addition the dwell time of particles in a spiral jet mill proved to correlate with the hardness of the feed material [F. Rief: Ph. D. Thesis, University of Würzburg (2001)]. Therefore 'near-surface' properties have a direct influence on the effectiveness of the comminution process. The mean particle diameter as well as the size distribution of the ground product may vary significantly with the nanomechanical response of the material. Thus accurate measurement of crystals' hardness and modulus is essential to determine the ideal operational micronisation conditions of the spiral jet mill. The recently developed nanoindentation technique is applied to examine subsurface properties of pharmaceutical bulk materials, namely calcite, sodium ascorbate, lactose and sodium chloride. Pressing a small sized tip into the material while continuously recording load and displacement, characteristic diagrams are derived. The mathematical evaluation of the force-displacement-data allows for calculation of the hardness and the elastic modulus of the investigated material at penetration depths between 50-300 nm. Grinding experiments performed with a modified spiral jet mill (Type Fryma JMRS 80) indicate the strong impact of the elastic-plastic properties of a given substance on its breaking behaviour. The fineness of milled products produced at constant grinding conditions but with different crystalline powders varies significantly as it is dependent on the nanohardness and the elasticity of the feed material. The analysis of this correlation gives new insights into the size reduction process.     

Aerosolization of single-walled carbon nanotubes for an inhalation study

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are being produced in increasing quantities because of high interest in applications resulting from their unique properties. Because of potential respiratory exposures during production and handling, inhalation studies are needed to determine potential toxicity. A generation system was designed to produce respirable aerosol at 5 mg/m(3) for a 1-wk animal (mouse) exposure. The starting material used in these experiments was as-produced powder from the high pressure carbon monoxide method that was sieved to number 6 mesh (< 2.3 mm). An acoustic feeder system was developed that handled the SWCNT powder without causing compaction of the material. The feed rate was adjustable, allowing output concentrations as high as 25 mg/m(3). The powder particles were reduced in size using a mill that produced high shear forces, tearing the agglomerates apart. The resulting aerosol was size-separated using a settling chamber and two cyclones to produce a respirable aerosol. The mass output efficiency of the entire system for producing a respirable aerosol from bulk material was estimated to be about 10%.     

Chromosome aberrations induced by benzo(a)pyrene in a feeder cell-mediated assay

Studies were made on chromosome aberrations induced by benzo(a)pyrene (Bp) in V79 cells in the presence or absence of feeder cells. In the presence of feeder cells, chromosome aberrations at Bp concentrations of 1.0–20.0 μg/ml depended on feeder cell density. The highest incidences of chromosome aberrations (aberrant cells) and of aberrant chromosomes per 100 metaphase cells were 24.0% and 38.0%, respectively, and were obtained at 20.0 μg/ml Bp in the presence of 2.0 · 10⁶ feeder cells/60-mm plastic dish. In the absence of feeder cells, chromosome aberrations were not induced; the incidences of aberrant cells and chromosomes on treatment with Bp in the absence of a feeder layer were 3.0–5.0 and 3.0–6.0%, respectively, while the spontaneous rates (of both) were 5.0%.     

Conditioned medium from feeder STO cells increases the attachment of mouse embryonic stem cells

Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell lines, which were established by culturing on feeder cells, have usually been cultured without feeder cells in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor. However, proliferating rate of ES cells in the condition is often lower than that with feeder cells. Here, we found that conditioned medium (CM) from feeder cells (STO cells) increased the number of undifferentiated cells in a culture dish by promoting attachment of ES cells. The attached cells were increased in 4 h after replating ES cells in the presence of CM from STO cells, and they formed flat colonies composed of undifferentiated cells. This culture system with CM from feeder cells is useful in preparing a large number of well-defined ES cells. In addition, from present experiments we found that the dish double-coated with gelatin and CM was extremely useful for culturing ES cells.     

Wip1-expressing feeder cells retain pluripotency of co-cultured mouse embryonic stem cells under leukemia inhibitory factor-deprivated condition

The optimization of in vitro culture conditions for embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is a matter of critical importance; a prompt supply of a sufficient population of cells that retain their pluripotency capabilities must be secured in order to make possible future cell therapies. Despite a number of reports asserting that a variety of cytokines, signaling ligands, and small molecules can help in maintaining the pluripotency of ESCs, mammalian feeder cells continue to be broadly accepted as the method of choice for ESC cultures. This appears to be because mammalian feeder cells seem to produce some as-yet-unidentified factor that makes them very effective as feeder cells. In this study, we investigated wild-type p53 inducible phosphatase (Wip1), the knockdown of which increases Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression, in its feeder functions toward mouse embryonic stem cells, lowering the effect of Wnt, one of key signaling in maintaining stemness of ESCs. For this purpose, Wip1 was stably expressed in mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line (STO) using retro-viral gene delivery system and then the function as a feeder cell was monitored either with or without leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in culture medium. We demonstrated that mouse embryonic stem cells grown with Wip1 expressing STO showed higher alkaline phosphatase activity and sustained Oct-4 expression level even under LIF deprivation condition compared to both control and Wip1 phosphatase activity dead mutant expressing STO. These results imply that Wip1 phosphatase activity in feeder cells is important to retain pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells under LIF deprivation conditions. These results indicate that genetically engineered feeder cells such as Wip1 expressing cell lines, are alternative strategy for the optimization of maintenance and expansion of mouse embryonic stem cells.     

A comparative study of lung functions in rice mill and saw mill workers

A lung function study was carried out to determine the relative effect of rice husk and saw dust on mill workers. The study consisted of 195 subjects of which 56 rice mill workers, 71 saw mill workers and 68 controls of similar age, sex and socio-economic condition. FVC was significantly reduced in saw-mill workers compared to both the controls and rice mill workers. Both FEV1 and PEFR/min were significantly reduced in both mill workers compared to controls. The fall in PEFR/min in saw mill workers was also significant when compared to rice mill workers. FVC was reduced after 5 years of exposure only in saw mill workers. FEV1 was reduced within a year which was further reduced after 5 years in both mill workers. PEFR/min was highly reduced within a year remained so even after 5 years.     

Fibroblasts feeder niche and Flt3 Ligand as a novel inducer of plasmacytoid dendritic cells development in vitro

Plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC), plays central role in antiviral immunity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Flt3 ligand (FL) alone or with L929 fibroblast feeder or L929 conditioned media on differentiation of mouse bone marrow (BM) cells into pDC in vitro. Murine BM cells were cultured with FL or with L929 or conditioned media for 9 days. The differentiated cells were analyzed using flow cytometry for PDCA-1, B220 and CXCR4. The relative expression of Stat3, CXCR4, CXCR7, IFN-β, TGF-β and Runx2 in differentiated cells determined by real time PCR. The development of pDC showed up to 19% increase after co-culture of BM cells with fibroblast feeder. Upregulation of Stat3, Runx2 and CXCR4 due to the presence of fibroblast feeder with FL in culture results in improved pDC development. Furthermore, 30% L929 supernatant along with Flt3 ligand was able to derive pDC up to 8.9% in comparison with FL alone, which was 6.6% in vitro. Thus, for the first time we introduced L929 fibroblast feeder as a niche producer of M-CSF and probably other growth factors and chemokines, which promotes the development of pDC in vitro along with FL, similar to in vivo niche.     

Ⅱ类骨质量下短种植体表面设计对骨界面应力分布的影响

目的：探讨骨质量和种植体表面设计对短种植体-骨界面应力分布的影响。方法：利用3D-Doctor软件和ABAQUS软件建立Ⅴ形螺旋设计、反支撑形螺旋设计、支撑形螺旋设计和鳍式非螺旋设计的短种植体植于Ⅰ类骨质量的上颌骨后区的三维有限元法模型4个。对所有模型进行垂直和侧向加载，分析比较周围骨组织的应力分布和Von-Mises应力峰值。结果：垂直向和侧向加载时，反支撑形和支撑形螺纹设计与鳍式非螺旋设计都表现出较好的应力分布特征。结论：支撑形螺旋设计、反支撑形螺旋设计和鳍式非螺旋设计均适用于短种植体，应避免应用Ⅴ形螺旋表面设计。     

Effects of ECF-Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent on Reproductive Steroids and Liver MFO Activity in Populations of Perch and Roach

Samples of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) populations were collected in Lake Saimaa in September-October, after the onset of vitellogenesis and deposition of yolk in the eggs. The study area received elemental chlorine-free (ECF)-bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME). The pulp and paper mill studied used chlorine dioxide for bleaching and its effluents were treated in a modern activated sludge plant. The amounts of chlorophenolics in the bile of perch and roach at the mill site, 1 km from the discharge point, were two to four times higher than in fish from the upstream reference site. In the roach population near the mill liver the 7-ethoxyresorufin 0-deethylase (EROD) activity was four times that measured in the reference areas. However, the EROD activity in the perch remained unchanged. The liver 7-pentoxyresorufin 0-dealkylase (PROD) activity was induced to twice the amount only in male roach near the mill, whereas the relative liver size (LSI) was increased in female and male roach and female perch. The plasma concentrations of oestradiol-17 were decreased in female perch and female roach, but increased in male roach at the mill site. Near the mill, vitellogenin gene expression was also reduced in female perch. In addition, the plasma testosterone concentrations were reduced in female and male perch near the mill. No differences were noted in the plasma immunoglobulin concentrations in roach and in the relative gonad size (GSI) in the perch and roach populations. The condition factor was significantly lower only in female roach near the mill.     

Productivity responses of periphyton and phytoplankton to bleach-kraft mill effluent

Responses of periphyton and phytoplankton productivity in the lower Sulphur River (Texas-Arkansas) to bleach-kraft mill effluent (BKME) were monitored using in situ ¹⁴C incubation. Periphyton productivity was not significantly decreased downstream of mill discharge nor were periphyton productivity efficiencies. The community structure of the periphyton community shifted toward heterotrophic population near the mill discharge but recovered to upstream characteristics at downstream stations. Phytoplankton primary productivity and productivity efficiency were significantly decreased downstream of the mill discharge. These decreases were associated with increased light attenuation downstream due to the mill effluent. Chlorophyll a concentrations of periphyton and phytoplankton were not significantly altered by the mill effluent; therefore, the effluent was not lethal to the algae. Significant inverse relationships found with increased light attenuation indicators (ϵ and selected water chemistry) indicated that light availability was associated with changes in ¹⁴C rates.